Phalacrocorax
Phalacrocorax je rod ptica koje se hrane ribom iz kormoranske porodice Phalacrocoracidae.
| Phalacrocorax | |
|---|---|
| |
| Veliki vranac (Phalacrocorax carbo) | |
| |
| Phalacrocorax auritus | |
Научна класификација 
| |
| Домен: | Eukaryota |
| Царство: | Animalia |
| Тип: | Chordata |
| Класа: | Aves |
| Ред: | Pelecaniformes |
| Породица: | Phalacrocoracidae |
| Род: | Phalacrocorax Brisson, 1760 |
| Типска врста | |
| Pelecanus carbo | |
| Vrste | |
|
Pogledajte tekst | |
Taksonomija уреди
Rod Phalacrocorax je uveo francuski zoolog Matjuren Žak Brison 1760. godine sa velikim kormoranom (Phalacrocorax carbo) kao tipskom vrstom.[1][2] Phalacrocorax je latinska reč za „kormorana”.[3]
Ovaj rod sadrži 22 vrste, uključujući vrstu koja je izumrla u 19. veku.[4]
Jedna molekularno filogenetička studija objavljena 2014. godine je utvrdila da rod Phalacrocorax nije monofiletičan i da je grupa od pet vrsta koje su trenutno u ovom rodu zapravo srodnija sa članovima roda Leucocarbo. Ova grupa sadrži magelanskog vranca, žutogrlog vranca, maslinastog vranca, vranca neletača i morskog vranca.[5]
Vrste уреди
- Žutogrli vranac
(Phalacrocorax auritus)[6] - Maslinasti vranac ili neotropski vranac
(Phalacrocorax brasilianus ili Phalacrocorax olivaceus) - Mali crni vranac
(Phalacrocorax sulcirostris) - Veliki vranac
(Phalacrocorax carbo)[6] - Belogrudi vranac
(Phalacrocorax lucidus) - Indijski vranac
(Phalacrocorax fuscicollis) - Južnoafrički kapski vranac[7]
(Phalacrocorax capensis) - Bronzani vranac[6][7]
(Phalacrocorax nigrogularis) - Valbergov vranac[7]
(Phalacrocorax neglectus) - Japanski vranac
(Phalacrocorax capillatus) - Brantov vranac
(Phalacrocorax penicillatus) - Štelerov vranac ili vranac naočarac ili Palasov vranac
(Phalacrocorax perspicillatus) – (izumro oko 1850) - Morski vranac
(Phalacrocorax aristotelis)[6] - Pučinski vranac
(Phalacrocorax pelagicus) - Crvenoliki vranac
(Phalacrocorax urile) - Magelanski vranac
(Phalacrocorax magellanicus) - Australijski šareni vranac ili žutoliki vranac
(Phalacrocorax varius) - Crnoliki vranac
(Phalacrocorax fuscescens)[8] - Crvenonogi vranac
(Phalacrocorax gaimardi)[9] - Pegavi vranac
(Phalacrocorax punctatus)[10] - Pitski vranac
(Phalacrocorax featherstoni)[11] - Vranac neletač
(Phalacrocorax harrisi)[12]
Podvrste уреди
- Phalacrocorax aristotelis aristotelis (Linnaeus, 1761)
- Phalacrocorax aristotelis desmarestii (Payraudeau, 1826)
- Phalacrocorax aristotelis riggenbachi Hartert, 1923
- Phalacrocorax auritus albociliatus Ridgway, 1884
- Phalacrocorax auritus auritus (Lesson, 1831)
- Phalacrocorax auritus cincinatus (Brandt, 1837)
- Phalacrocorax auritus floridanus (Audubon, 1835)
- Phalacrocorax auritus heuretus Watson, Olson & J. R. Miller, 1991
- Phalacrocorax brasilianus brasilianus (Gmelin, 1789)
- Phalacrocorax brasilianus mexicanus (Brandt, 1837)
- Phalacrocorax carbo carbo (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae Kuroda, 1925
- Phalacrocorax carbo maroccanus Hartert, 1906
- Phalacrocorax carbo novaehollandiae Stephens, 1826
- Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Blumenbach, 1798)
- Phalacrocorax pelagicus pelagicus Pallas, 1811
- Phalacrocorax pelagicus resplendens Audubon, 1838
- Phalacrocorax punctatus oliveri Mathews, 1930
- Phalacrocorax punctatus punctatus (Sparrman, 1786)
- Phalacrocorax varius hypoleucos (Brandt, 1837)
- Phalacrocorax varius varius (Gmelin, 1789)
Reference уреди
- ^ Brisson, Mathurin Jacques (1760). Ornithologie, ou, Méthode Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés (на језику: French и Latin). Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche. Vol. 1, p. 60, Vol. 6, p. 511.
- ^ Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, ур. (1979). Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 1 (2nd изд.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. стр. 163.
- ^ Jobling, J.A. (2019). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E., ур. „Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology”. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Приступљено 9. 4. 2019.
- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, ур. (2019). „Hamerkop, Shoebill, pelicans, boobies, cormorants”. World Bird List Version 9.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Приступљено 12. 4. 2019.
- ^ Kennedy, M.; Spencer, H.G. (2014). „Classification of the cormorants of the world”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 79: 249—257. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.020.
- ^ а б в г Васић, С.; Д. В. Симић; Станимировић; Каракашевић; Шћибан; Ружић; Кулић; Кулић; Пузовић. „Српска номенклатура птица”. Архивирано из оригинала 11. 10. 2018. г. Приступљено 11. 10. 2018.
- ^ а б в „Zakon o potvrđivanju sporazuma o očuvanju afričko - evroazijskih migratornih ptica vodenih staništa” (PDF). parlament.gov.rs.
- ^ BirdLife International (2012). „Phalacrocorax fuscescens”. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Приступљено 26. 11. 2013.
- ^ BirdLife International (2012). „Phalacrocorax gaimardi”. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Приступљено 26. 11. 2013.
- ^ . BirdLife International. „Phalacrocorax punctatus”. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2016: e.T22696901A93591848. 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22696901A93591848.en. Приступљено 13. 6. 2017.
- ^ BirdLife International (2012). „Phalacrocorax featherstoni”. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Приступљено 26. 11. 2013.
- ^ Kennedy, M.; et al. (2009). „The phylogenetic position of the Galápagos Cormorant”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 53 (1): 94—98. PMID 19523526. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.06.002.
Literatura уреди
- Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, ур. (1979). Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 1 (2nd изд.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. стр. 163.
- Brisson, Mathurin Jacques (1760). Ornithologie, ou, Méthode Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés (на језику: French и Latin). Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche. Vol. 1, p. 60, Vol. 6, p. 511.
- Benson, Elizabeth (1972): The Mochica: A Culture of Peru. Praeger Press, New York.
- Berrin, Katherine & Larco Museum (1997) The Spirit of Ancient Peru: Treasures from the Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera. Thames and Hudson, New York.
- Cracraft, Joel (1971). „Systematics and evolution of the Gruiformes (Class Aves). 2. Additional comments on the Bathornithidae, with descriptions of new species” (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 2449: 1—14. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 25. 03. 2009. г. Приступљено 17. 08. 2019.
- Dorst, J. & Mougin, J.L. (1979): Family Phalacrocoracidae. In: Mayr, Ernst & Cottrell, G.W. (eds.): Check-List of the Birds of the World Vol. 1, 2nd ed. (Struthioniformes, Tinamiformes, Procellariiformes, Sphenisciformes, Gaviiformes, Podicipediformes, Pelecaniformes, Ciconiiformes, Phoenicopteriformes, Falconiformes, Anseriformes): 163–179. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge.
- Hope, Sylvia (2002). The Mesozoic radiation of Neornithes. Chiappe, Luis M. & Witmer, Lawrence M. (eds.): Mesozoic Birds: Above the Heads of Dinosaurs: 339–388. ISBN 978-0-520-20094-4.
- Howard, Hildegarde (1932). „A New Species of Cormorant from Pliocene Deposits near Santa Barbara, California” (PDF). Condor. 34 (3): 118—120. doi:10.2307/1363540.
- IUCN (2007): 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN, Gland.
- Kennedy, M.; Gray, R. D.; Spencer H.G. (2000). „The Phylogenetic Relationships of the Shags and Cormorants: Can Sequence Data Resolve a Disagreement between Behavior and Morphology?” (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 17 (3): 345—359. PMID 11133189. doi:10.1006/mpev.2000.0840. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 18. 4. 2007. г. Приступљено 28. 8. 2018.
- Kurochkin, Evgeny N. (1995). „Synopsis of Mesozoic birds and early evolution of Class Aves” (PDF). Archaeopteryx. 13: 47—66. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 27. 9. 2007. г. Приступљено 19. 10. 2017.
- Mayr, Gerald (2005). „Tertiary plotopterids (Aves, Plotopteridae) and a novel hypothesis on the phylogenetic relationships of penguins (Spheniscidae)” (PDF). Journal of Zoological Systematics. 43 (1): 67—71. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.2004.00291.x.
- Murray, Bertram G. Jr. (1970). „A Redescription of Two Pliocene Cormorants” (PDF). Condor. 72 (3): 293—298. doi:10.2307/1366006.
- Orta, Jaume : Family Phalacrocoracidae. In: del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew & Sargatal, Jordi (eds.): Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 1 (Ostrich to Ducks): 326–353, plates 22–23. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. 1992. ISBN 978-84-87334-10-8.
- Robertson, Connie (1998). Book of Humorous Quotations. Wordsworth Editions. стр. 97. ISBN 978-1-85326-759-8.
- Siegel-Causey, Douglas (1988). „Phylogeny of the Phalacrocoracidae” (PDF). Condor. 90 (4): 885—905. doi:10.2307/1368846.
- Thevet, F. André (1558): About birds of Ascension Island. In: Les singularitez de la France Antarctique, autrement nommee Amerique, & de plusieurs terres & isles decouvertes de nostre temps: 39–40. Maurice de la Porte heirs, Paris.
- van Tets, G. F. (1976): Australasia and the origin of shags and cormorants, Phalacrocoracidae. Proceedings of the XVI International Ornithological Congress: 121–124.
Spoljašnje veze уреди
Vikivrste imaju više informacija o članku Phalacrocorax.
- Cormorant videos Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (13. фебруар 2010) on the Internet Bird Collection
- „Recovery plan for Chatham Island shag and Pitt Island shag 2001–2011” (PDF). Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand. 2001. Приступљено 28. 9. 2007.