Википедија

Amerindijanski jezici

Amerindijanski jezici su hipotetička makro-porodica jezika koja obuhvata većinu starosedelačkih jezika američkog kontinenta. Lingvisti se spore oko postojanja ove jezičke porodice, tako da, prema nekim mišljenjima, starosedelačke jezike Amerike treba klasifikovati u više manjih jezičkih porodica, umesto u ovu makro porodicu.

Amerindijanski jezici
(nije prihvaćena)
Geografska rasprostranjenostSeverna Amerika i Južna Amerika
Jezička klasifikacijahipotetička makro-porodica jezika
Podpodela
GlotologNone
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Rasprostranjenost amerindijanskih jezika

Istorija hipoteze

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Džozef Grinberg je predložio hipotezu o postojanju amerindijanske makro-porodice jezika 1960, a njegov student Merit Rulen ju je razradio.[1][2][3][4] Zbog velikog broja metodoloških grešaka u Grinbergovoj knjizi objavljenoj 1987. „Jezik u Amerikama” ("Language in the Americas"), većina lingvista je odbacila ovu hipotezu.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]

Podela

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Amerindijanski jezici sa najvećim brojem govornika

Amerindijanski jezici se prema jednoj od klasifikacija dele na sledeće grane:

Reference

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  1. ^ Greenberg & Ruhlen 2007
  2. ^ Ruhlen 1994a
  3. ^ Ruhlen 1994b
  4. ^ Ruhlen 2004.
  5. ^ Campbell 1997
  6. ^ Poser & Campbell 2008
  7. ^ Adelaar 1989
  8. ^ Berman 1992
  9. ^ Chafe 1987
  10. ^ Matisoff 1990
  11. ^ Golla 1987.
  12. ^ Golla 1988.
  13. ^ Kimball 1992
  14. ^ Mithun 1999
  15. ^ Poser 1992
  16. ^ Rankin 1992

Literatura

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  • Greenberg, Joseph H. . Language in the Americas. . Stanford: Stanford University Press. 1987. 
  • Greenberg, Joseph H.; Ruhlen, Merritt (2007), An Amerind Etymological Dictionary (jezik: engleski), Department of Anthropology, Stanford University
  • Ruhlen, Merritt. "Evolution of Language", in Macey, Sam, Encyclopedia of Time. . New York: Garland Science. 1994. ISBN 978-0-8153-0615-3. 
  • Ruhlen, Merritt. "Linguistic Evidence for the Peopling of the Americas", in Bonnichsen, Robson; Steele, D. Gentry, Method and Theory for Investigating the Peopling of the Americas, Corvallis, Oregon: Center for the Study of the First Americans. . Oregon State University. 1994. pp. 177–188. ISBN 978-0-912933-09-2. 
  • Ruhlen, Merritt. "On the Amerind Origin of the Proto-Algonquian Numeral Suffix *-a:šyeka", in Jones, Martin, Traces of ancestry: studies in honour of Colin Renfrew. . Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. 2004. pp. 139–142. ISBN 978-1-902937-25-0. 
  • Campbell, Lyle. American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. . New York: Oxford University Press. 1997. ISBN 978-0-19-509427-5. 
  • Adelaar, Willem F. H. (1989). [Review of Greenberg, Language in the Americas]. Lingua, 78, 249-255.
  • Berman, Howard (1992). „A Comment on the Yurok and Kalapuya Data in Greenberg's Language in the Americas”. International Journal of American Linguistics. 58 (2): 230—233. doi:10.1086/ijal.58.2.3519757. .
  • Chafe, Wallace. (1987). [Review of Greenberg 1987]. Current Anthropology, 28, 652-653.
  • Matisoff, James. (1990). On megalo-comparison: A discussion note. Language, 66, 106-120.
  • Golla, Victor. (1987). [Review of Joseph H. Greenberg: Language in the Americas]. Current Anthropology, 28, 657-659.
  • Golla, Victor. (1988). [Review of Language in the Americas, by Joseph Greenberg]. American Anthropologist, 90, 434-435.
  • Kimball, Geoffrey. (1992). A critique of Muskogean, 'Gulf,' and Yukian materials in Language in the Americas. International Journal of American Linguistics, 58, 447-501.
  • Mithun, Marianne. The languages of Native North America. . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-23228-9.  (hbk). 1999. ISBN 978-0-521-29875-9.
  • Poser, William J. (1992). „The Salinan and Yurumanguí Data in Language in the Americas”. International Journal of American Linguistics. 58 (2): 202—229. doi:10.1086/ijal.58.2.3519756. .
  • Rankin, Robert (1992). „Review of Language in the Americas by J. H. Greenberg”. International Journal of American Linguistics. 58 (3): 324—351. doi:10.1086/ijal.58.3.3519791. .
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