Sakralna arhitektura
Sakralna zgrada (iz latinskog Sacer – „sveti“) (svetinja) je građevina koja služi za religiozne ili ritualne svrhe.[1] Postoji mnogo različitih vrsta npr. u hrišćanskoj sakralnoj arhitekturi koje služe za poštovanje i hvalu Boga- može da se odnosi na katedralu,[2][3][4] crkvu,[5][6][7] kapelu,[8][9][10][11] kapelicu ili krst uz put. Funkcionalnost sakralnih objekata podređena je simboličnoj ulozi koju hramovi imaju. Zbog velikog duhovnog značaja verske građevine su najbolje očuvani arhitektonski objekti.
Duhovni aspekti verske arhitekture
uredi
Sveta ili verska arhitektura se ponekad naziva svetim prostorom.
Arhitekta Norman L. Kuns je sugerisao da je cilj sakralne arhitekture da učini „transparentnom granicu između materije i uma, tela i duha“. Govoreći o sakralnoj arhitekturi, protestantski ministar Robert Šuler[18][19] The Hour of Power broadcast later continued in the Crystal Cathedral.[20] je sugerisao da „bi bila psihološki zdrava, ljudska bića moraju da iskuse svoje prirodno okruženje – okruženje za koje smo dizajnirani, a to je bašta“. U međuvremenu, Ričard Kikefer[21][22][23][24] sugeriše da je ulazak u versku zgradu metafora za ulazak u duhovni odnos. Kikefer sugeriše da se sveti prostor može analizirati pomoću tri faktora koji utiču na duhovni proces: longitudinalni prostor naglašava procesiju i vraćanje sakramentalnih činova, prostor gledališta sugeriše na proglašenje i odgovor, a novi oblici zajedničkog prostora dizajnirani za okupljanje i povratak zavise od velikog stepen na minimiziranoj skali kako bi se poboljšala intimnost i učešće u bogosluženju. Naučnik religioznih studija Džordž Kalijan potvrđuje da je „sveti prostor mesto gde transcendentno postaje imanentno i gde posvećenik može pristupiti Bogu“.[25]
Vidi još
urediReference
uredi- ^ Richard Kieckhefer, Theology in Stone: Church Architecture from Byzantium to Berkeley. (Oxford University Press, USA: 2004). ISBN
- ^ „What's the Difference Between a Church, Chapel, Cathedral, and Basilica?”. What's the Difference? (na jeziku: engleski). 2019-04-23. Pristupljeno 2022-04-18.
- ^ „What is the difference between a church, a cathedral and a basilica?”. Bit of trivia (na jeziku: engleski). 2022-04-10. Arhivirano iz originala 11. 04. 2022. g. Pristupljeno 2022-04-18.
- ^ „What is the difference between a church and a cathedral?”. The Times of India (na jeziku: engleski). 13. 5. 2006. Pristupljeno 2022-04-18.
- ^ Use of the term "The Manichaean Church", Encyclopædia Britannica
- ^ "The term church is found, but not specifically defined, in the Internal Revenue Code (IRC). The term is not used by all faiths; however, in an attempt to make this publication easy to read, we use it in its generic sense as a place of worship including, for example, mosques and synagogues." [1], US IRS Tax Guide for Churches & Religious Organizations
- ^ „Church | Definition, History, & Types | Britannica”.
- ^ „Muslim prayers welcome at Pentagon chapel”. CNN. Arhivirano iz originala 7. 3. 2016. g. Pristupljeno 3. 3. 2016.
- ^ „CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Chapel”. www.newadvent.org. Arhivirano iz originala 9. 3. 2021. g. Pristupljeno 10. 4. 2005.
- ^ Wakeling, Christopher (avgust 2016). „Nonconformist Places of Worship: Introductions to Heritage Assets” (PDF). Historic England. Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 28. 3. 2017. g. Pristupljeno 28. 3. 2017.
- ^ Jones, Anthony (1996). Welsh Chapels (na jeziku: engleski). National Museum Wales. ISBN 9780750911627. Pristupljeno 28. 3. 2017.
- ^ „Teotihuacan”. Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Department of Arts of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas, The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
- ^ SPENCE, MICHAEL W.; WHITE, CHRISTINE D.; RATTRAY, EVELYN C.; LONGSTAFFE, FRED J. (2006-12-31), „Past Lives in Different Places”, Settlement, Subsistence, and Social Complexity, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, str. 155—197, doi:10.2307/j.ctvdjrqh6.9, Pristupljeno 2022-02-22
- ^ Price, T.Douglas; Manzanilla, Linda; Middleton, William D. (oktobar 2000). „Immigration and the Ancient City of Teotihuacan in Mexico: a Study Using Strontium Isotope Ratios in Human Bone and Teeth”. Journal of Archaeological Science. 27 (10): 903—913. ISSN 0305-4403. doi:10.1006/jasc.1999.0504.
- ^ Apromeci, Post Author (3. 10. 2018). „Apromeci | Tzacualli Metztli (Pirámide de la Luna), Teotihuacan.”. Apromeci. Arhivirano iz originala 18. 11. 2018. g. Pristupljeno 1. 4. 2020.
- ^ „Discoveries At Teotihuacan's Pyramid Of The Moon Help Unlock Mysteries Of Western Hemisphere's First Major Metropolis”. ScienceDaily. Arizona State University, College Of Liberal Arts & Sciences. 21. 9. 1999.
- ^ Cowgill, George L. (2016). Ancient Teotihuacan : early urbanism in Central Mexico. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521870337. OCLC 965908977.
- ^ „Bobby Schuller is new 'Hour of Power' pastor”. 25. 1. 2013.
- ^ „Hour of Power website.”. Arhivirano iz originala 31. 12. 2015. g. Pristupljeno 19. 07. 2023.
- ^ „Dr. Robert H. Schuller”. Crystal Cathedral Ministries. Arhivirano iz originala 16. 10. 2012. g. Pristupljeno 3. 11. 2012.
- ^ „Mythologies of Witchcraft in the Fifteenth Century” (PDF). leto 2006. Pristupljeno 4. 4. 2015.
- ^ Anne Ford (26. 1. 2012). „This week's Chicagoan: Richard Kieckhefer, historian of magic”. Pristupljeno 4. 4. 2015.
- ^ Russell, Jeffrey Burton (mart 1999). „Review of Forbidden Rites”. Church History. 68 (1): 167—168. JSTOR 3170136. S2CID 162532756. doi:10.2307/3170136. Pristupljeno 3. 4. 2015.
- ^ „Authors:Richard Kieckhefer”. Pristupljeno 4. 4. 2015.
- ^ Calian, Florin George (2021-08-01). „Editorial RES 2/2021”. Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu (na jeziku: engleski). 13 (2): 139—144. doi:10.2478/ress-2021-0017.
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- OpenSource Classicism - project for free educational content about classical architecture
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- Richard Utz. "The Cathedral as Time Machine: Art, Architecture, and Religion." In: The Idea of the Gothic Cathedral. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Meanings of the Medieval Edifice in the Modern Period, ed. Stephanie Glaser (Turnhout: Brepols, 2018). pp. 239–59.
- André Vauchez. "La cathédrale". In: Pierre Nora, ed. Les Lieux de Mémoire. Paris: Gallimard, 1997. Vol. III. pp. 3122–34.
- Hartog, Paul, ur. (februar 2010). The Contemporary Church and the Early Church: Case Studies in Ressourcement. Pickwick Publications. ISBN 978-1606088999.
- Levy, Patricia (2004). Cathedrals and the Church . Medieval World. North Mankato, MN: Smart Apple Media. ISBN 1-58340-572-0.
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- Erlande-Brandenburg, Alain, Qu'est-ce qu'une église ?, Gallimard, Paris, 333 p., 2010.
- Gendry Mickael, L'église, un héritage de Rome, Essai sur les principes et méthodes de l'architecture chrétienne, Religions et Spiritualité, collection Beaux-Arts architecture religion, édition Harmattan 2009
Spoljašnje veze
uredi
- Interfaith Forum on Religion, Art and Architecture Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (7. jul 2018) American Institute of Architects
- Architecture, Culture & Spirituality
- Sacred Architecture online journal
