* {{citeCite book|ref = harv |last=Amory| first=Patrick | title=People and Identity in Ostrogothic Italy, 489–554 | publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2003| isbnid=ISBN 0-521-52635-3}}
* {{citeCite book|ref = harv | title= History of the Later Roman Empire: From the Death of Theodosius I to the Death of Justinian, Volume 1 | first = John Bagnell |last=Bury| authorlink=J. B. Bury | publisher=Courier Dover Publications |year=1958|isbn=978-0486203980}}
* {{citeCite book|ref = harv | title= History of the Later Roman Empire: From the Death of Theodosius I to the Death of Justinian, Volume 2 | first = John Bagnell |last=Bury| authorlink=J. B. Bury | publisher=Courier Dover Publications |year=1958|isbn=978-0486203997}}
* {{citeCite book|ref = harv | title=The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume XIV - Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, A.D. 425–600 | editor1-last=Cameron| editor1-first=Averil | editor1-link=Averil Cameron | editor2-last=Ward-Perkins |editor2-first=Bryan | editor3-last=Whitby| editor3-first=Michael | publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2000|isbn=978-0-521-32591-2}}.
* {{citeCite book|ref = harv | editor-first = Alexander | editor-last=Kazhdan|editor-link=Александар Каждан | title = [[The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium|Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium]] | publisher = Oxford University Press |year=1991|isbn=978-0-19-504652-6}}
* {{citeCite book|ref = harv | first1=John R. |last1=Martindale| first2=John |last2=Morris| title=The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire - Volume II, AD 395–527 | publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1980|isbn=978-0521201599}}
* {{citeCite book|ref = harv | first1=Michael |last1=Whitby| first2=Mary |last2=Whitby| title=The History of Theophylact Simocatta | publisher=Claredon Press |year=1986|isbn=978-0198227991}}
