Капитализам — разлика између измена
Садржај обрисан Садржај додат
м Разне исправке |
м Dodavanje datuma u šablone za održavanje i/ili sredjivanje referenci |
||
Ред 2:
'''Капитализам''' је економски систем заснован на [[приватна својина|приватном власништву]] [[капитал]]а.
У најопштијем смислу капитализам означава економски систем у којем су сва или већи део [[производна средства|средстава за производњу]] у приватном власништву,<ref>{{Cite web| url = https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/capitalism| title = Definition of Capitalism| first = |last=| date = |website=| publisher = Oxford Dictionaries| language = |archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date = 26. 5. 2018}}</ref> и у којем се [[инвестиција|инвестиције]], [[производња]] и [[пласман]] добара распоређују пре свега по законима [[слободно тржиште|слободног тржишта]]. Ово значи да је опште опредељење и примарни циљ власника капитала пре свега остваривање [[профит]]а.
Не постоји консензус око дефиниције капитализма, нити како би капитализам био приказан у аналитичкој категорији. Постоји низ историјских догађаја у којима се примењује, разликујући се у времену, географији, политици и култури. Економисти, политички економисти и историчари узели су другачију перспективу анализе капитализма. Научници у друштвеним наукама, укључујући историчаре, економске социологе, економисте, антропологе и филозофе, расправљали су о томе како дефинисати капитализам. Постоји [[контроверза]] о приватном власништву над средствима за производњу, стварању добара, услуга и зараде на тржишту и о томе да су цене и плате елементи капитализма.
Ред 31:
* [[Капиталистички мод производње (Марксистичка теорија)|Капиталистички мод производње]]{{sfn|Mandel|2002|p=24}}
* Економски индивидуализам
* [[Економски либерализам]]<ref>{{cite journal | title = Adam Smith and His Legacy for Modern Capitalism| author = Werhane, P. H.| journal = The Review of Metaphysics| volume = 47| year = 1994| publisher = Philosophy Education Society| issue = 3}}</ref>
* Слободно предузетништво<ref name="rogetfreeenterprise">"Free enterprise". Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition. Philip Lief Group 2008.</ref>
* Економија слободног предузетништва<ref name="britannica" />
Ред 38:
* ''[[Лесе фер]]''<ref name=Barrons>Barrons Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms, (1995). pp. 74.</ref>
* [[Тржишна економија]] <ref>[http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?va=market%20economy "Market economy"], Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary</ref>
* [[Тржишни либерализам]] <ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cato.org/about.php | title = About Cato | publisher = Cato Institute • www.cato.org | accessdate = 6. 11. 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cato.org/university/module10.html | title = The Achievements of Nineteenth-Century Classical Liberalism | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090211160820/http://www.cato.org/university/module10.html | archivedate = 11. 2. 2009}}</ref>
* Модификоно слободно предузетништво
* [[Неолиберализам]]<ref name="Duménil">[http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?Itemid=74&id=31&jumival=4962&option=com_content&task=view The crisis of neoliberalism].[[The Real News]]. 30 March 2010. Приступљено 3 January 2014. "When we speak of neoliberalism, we speak of contemporary capitalism."; Gérard Duménil, former Research Director at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jones|Parker|2005|p=101}}</ref><ref>[http://www.businessinsider.com/imf-neoliberalism-warnings-2016-5 IMF: The last generation of economic policies may have been a complete failure]. ''Business Insider''. May 2016.</ref>
* Саморегулисано тржиште <ref name="rogetfreeenterprise" />
* Ситем профита<ref>{{Cite book| last = Shutt| first = Harry| title = Beyond the Profits System: Possibilities for the Post-Capitalist Era | publisher = Zed Books| year = 2010| isbn = 978-1-84813-417-1| pages = }}</ref>|}
Порекло речи '''капитал''' долази из традиције поседовања и трговине животињама. [[Латински језик|Латински]] корен речи капитал је ''capitalis'', а потиче од пра-индо-европског ''kaput'', које значи глава. На овај начин је пребројавана стока (што више глава, то боље). Англо-амерички појмови за имовину и стоку, ''chattel'' и ''cattle'', имају исто порекло.
Ред 151:
== Литература ==
* {{Cite book | ref = harv| last = Shutt| first = Harry| title = Beyond the Profits System: Possibilities for the Post-Capitalist Era | publisher = Zed Books| year = 2010| isbn = 978-1-84813-417-1| pages = }}
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv| last1 = Jones| first1 = Campbell| last2 = Parker| first2 = Martin| author3 = Rene Ten Bos| title = For Business Ethics|| location = |publisher=Routledge| year = 2005| isbn = 978-0-415-31135-9| pages = 101}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| title = Capitalism| publisher = Encyclopædia Britannica| url = http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/93927/capitalism | date = 10. 11. 2014}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv| last = Mandel| first = Ernst| authorlink = Ernst Mandel| title = An Introduction to Marxist Economic Theory| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Pf9Jd1sIMJ0C&pg=PA24| accessdate = 29. 1. 2017 | year = 2002| publisher = Resistance Books | isbn = 978-1-876646-30-1 | pages = 24}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=w_6PqBp64y0C&lpg=PP1&pg=PA2| title = Capitalism, Ethics and the Paradoxon of Self-Exploitation| last = Bacher| first = Christian| publisher = GRIN Verlag| year = 2007| isbn = 978-3-638-63658-2| location = Munich| pages = 2}}
* {{Cite journal| last = Carsel| first = Wilfred| year = 1940| title = The Slaveholders' Indictment of Northern Wage Slavery| journal = [[Journal of Southern History]]| volume = 6| issue = 4| jstor = 2192167| ref = harv| pages = 504–20}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | title= The Law of the Labour Market: Industrialization, Employment, and Legal Evolution| last2 = Wilkinson| first2 = Frank| publisher = [[Oxford University Press]]| year = 2005| isbn = 978-0-19-815281-1| location = Oxford| last1 = Deakin| first1 = Simon|author1-link= Simon Deakin|author2-link= Frank Wilkinson}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv| last = De George| first = Richard T.| publisher = Macmillan| year = 1986| isbn = 978-0-02-328010-8| location = New York| title = Business Ethics| pages = 104}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | last= Elkins| first = Caroline| publisher = [[Jonathan Cape]]| year = 2005| isbn = 978-0-224-07363-9| location = London| title = Britain's Gulag: The Brutal End of Empire in Kenya| authorlink = Caroline Elkins}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ECdb7EjiBnEC| title = Cannibals All! or, Slaves Without Masters| last = Fitzhugh| first = George| publisher = A. Morris| year = 1857| isbn = 9781429016438| location = Richmond, VA| authorlink = George Fitzhugh}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv| last = Fulcher| first = James| publisher = Oxford University Press| year = 2004| isbn = 978-0-19-280218-7| title = Capitalism A Very Short Introduction| location = Oxford}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | last= Graeber| first = David| publisher = Prickly Paradigm Press| year = 2004| isbn = 978-0-9728196-4-0| title = [[Fragments of an Anarchist Anthropology]]}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | last= Graeber| first = David| publisher = AK Press| year = 2007| isbn = 978-1-904859-66-6| title = Possibilities: Essays on Hierarchy, Rebellion and Desire}}
* {{Cite journal| last2 = Benoit| first2 = Cecilia| year = 2007| title = From Wage Slaves to Wage Workers: Cultural Opportunity Structures and the Evolution of the Wage Demands of the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor, 1880–1900| journal = [[Social Forces]]| volume = 85| issue = 3| doi = 10.1353/sof.2007.0037| jstor = 4494978| ref = harv| last1 = Hallgrimsdottir| first1 = Helga Kristin| pages = 1393–411}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| url = http://www.academia.edu/4199690/Globalization_and_Economy_Vol._1_Global_Markets_and_Capitalism_editor_with_Barry_Gills_Sage_Publications_London_2007| title = Globalization and Economy, Vol. 1: Global Markets and Capitalism| last2 = Gills| first2 = Barry| publisher = Sage Publications| year = 2007| location = London| last1 = James| first1 = Paul| authorlink = Paul James (academic)}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| author = Krahn, Harvey J., and Graham S. Lowe | title = Work, Industry, and Canadian Society| location = Second ed. Scarborough, Ont.| publisher = Nelson Canada. xii, 430 p| year = 1993| isbn = 978-0-17-603540-2| pages = }}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| title = The Penguin Dictionary of Sociology| last2 = Urry| first2 = John| publisher = Penguin Books| year = 2000| isbn = 978-0-14-051380-6| edition = 4th| location = London| chapter = Capitalism| last1 = Lash| first1 = Scott| authorlink1 = Scott Lash| authorlink2 = John Urry (sociologist)|editor1-first= Nicholas|editor1-last=Abercrombie|editor2-first=Stephen|editor2-last=Hill|editor2-link=|editor3-first= Bryan S|editor3-last=Turner|editor3-link=Bryan S. Turner| pages = 36–40}}
* {{cite journal|
* {{Cite journal| last = Nelson| first = John O.| year = 1995| title = That a Worker's Labour Cannot Be a Commodity| journal = [[Philosophy (journal)|Philosophy]]| volume = 70| issue = 272| doi = 10.1017/s0031819100065359| jstor = 3751199| ref = harv| pages = 157–65}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| url = http://www.questia.com/read/4995070/profit-theory-and-capitalism| title = Profit Theory and Capitalism| publisher = University of Pennsylvania Press | year = 1983| isbn = 978-0-8122-7863-7| location = Philadelphia| last = Obrinsky| first = Mark| pages = 1}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | title= The Kaiser's Holocaust: Germany's Forgotten Genocide| last2 = Erichsen| first2 = Casper W.| publisher = [[Faber and Faber]]| year = 2010| isbn = 978-0-571-23141-6| location = London| last1 = Olusoga| first1 = David}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | url= http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/wage-labour/| title = Wage Labour and Capital| last = Marx| first = Karl| year = 1847| authorlink = Karl Marx}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | last= Marx| first = Karl| publisher = [[Penguin Classics]]| year = 1990| isbn = 978-0-14-044568-8| location = London| title = [[Capital, Volume I]]| origyear = 1867}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | last= Roediger| first = David| publisher = [[Verso Books|Verso]]| year = 2007a| isbn = 978-1-84467-145-8| edition = revised and expanded| location = London & New York| authorlink = David Roediger| title = The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class| origyear = 1991}}
* {{Cite journal| last = Roediger| first = David| year = 2007b| title = An Outmoded Approach to Labour and Slavery| journal = [[Labour/Le Travail]]| volume = 60| jstor = 25149808| ref = harv| authorlink = David Roediger| pages = 245–50}}
* {{Cite journal| last = Steinfeld| first = Robert| year = 2009| title = Coercion/Consent in Labor| url = http://www.compas.ox.ac.uk/fileadmin/files/Publications/working_papers/WP_2009/WP0966%20Steinfeld.pdf| series = COMPAS Working Paper No. 66| location = Oxford| publisher = [[University of Oxford]]| ref = harv| accessdate = 3. 3. 2013}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv| last = Wolf| first = Eric R.| publisher = University of California Press| year = 1982| isbn = 978-0-520-04459-3| location = Berkeley| title = [[Europe and the People Without History]]| authorlink = Eric Wolf}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FZPyKjVguVoC| title = The Origin of Capitalism: A Longer View| last = Wood| first = Ellen Meiksins| publisher = Verso| year = 2002| isbn = 978-1-85984-392-5| location = London| authorlink = Ellen Meiksins Wood}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | last= Young| first = John| publisher = [[Cambridge University Press]]| year = 1997| isbn = 978-0-521-02606-2| location = Cambridge| title = Peasant Revolution in Ethiopia: The Tigray People's Liberation Front, 1975–1991}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| last = Alperovitz| first = Gar| authorlink = Gar Alperovitz | title = America Beyond Capitalism: Reclaiming Our Wealth, Our Liberty, and Our Democracy, 2nd Edition.| location = |publisher=Democracy Collaborative Press| year = 2011| isbn = 978-0-9847857-0-4| pages = }}
* {{cite book| ref = harv| last1 = Altvater| first1 = Elmar | last2 = Crist| first2 = Eileen| last3 = Haraway| first3 = Donna| last4 = Hartley| first4 = Daniel| last5 = Parenti| first5 = Christian| last6 = McBrien| first6 = Justin| last7 = Moore| first7 = Jason| title = Anthropocene or Capitalocene? Nature, History, and the Crisis of Capitalism| year = 2016| publisher = PM Press| location = |isbn=978-1-62963-148-6}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| last = Ascher| first = Ivan| title = Portfolio Society: On the Capitalist Mode of Prediction.| location = |publisher=Zone Books| year = 2016| isbn = 978-1935408741| pages = }}
* [[Edward E. Baptist|Baptist, Edward E.]] ''The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism.'' [[New York City|New York]], [[Basic Books]]. {{page| year = 2014| isbn = 978-0-465-00296-2| pages = }}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| last = Barbrook| first = Richard| year = 2006| title = The Class of the New | edition = paperback | publisher = OpenMute | location = London | isbn = 978-0-9550664-7-4| url = http://www.theclassofthenew.net}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | last1=Block| first1 = Fred |author1-link= Fred L. Block | last2 = Somers| first2 = Margaret R. | year = 2014| title = The Power of Market Fundamentalism: Karl Polyani's Critique| location = Cambridge, MA | publisher = [[Harvard University Press]]| isbn = 978-0-674-05071-6 }}
* Braudel, Fernand. ''Civilization and Capitalism''.
* Callinicos, Alex. "Wage Labour and State Capitalism – A reply to Peter Binns and Mike Haynes", ''International Socialism'', second series, 12, Spring 1979.
* Farl, Erich. "The Genealogy of State Capitalism". In: ''International'' London, vol. 2, no. 1, 1973.
* Gough, Ian. ''[http://www.newleftreview.org/?view=558 State Expenditure in Advanced Capitalism]'' New Left Review.
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| last = Habermas| first = Jürgen| authorlink = Jürgen Habermas| title = Legitimation Crisis Pa Txt| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3WFy6vsyLNEC| year = 1975| publisher = Beacon Press| isbn = 978-0-8070-1521-6}}[http://www.cf.ac.uk/socsi/undergraduate/introsoc/legitcri.html excerpt].
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| last = Harvey| first = David | authorlink = David Harvey | title = Seventeen Contradictions and the End of Capitalism | publisher= [[Oxford University Press]] | year = 2014| isbn = 978-0-19-936026-0}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| author = Hyman, Louis and Edward E. Baptist | title = American Capitalism: A Reader.| location = |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]]| year = 2014| isbn = 978-1-4767-8431-1| pages = }}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | year = 2007| last1 = James| first1= Paul | authorlink= Paul James (academic) | last2 = Patomäki| first2= Heikki | title= Globalization and Economy, Vol. 2: Global Finance and the New Global Economy | url= http://www.academia.edu/4211923/Globalization_and_Economy_Vol._2_Global_Finance_and_the_New_Global_Economy_editor_with_Heikki_Patomaki_Sage_Publications_London_2007 | publisher= Sage Publications | location= London}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | year = 2007| last1 = James| first1= Paul | authorlink= Paul James (academic) | last2 = Palen| first2= Ronen | title= Globalization and Economy, Vol. 3: Global Economic Regimes and Institutions | url= http://www.academia.edu/4251331/Globalization_and_Economy_Vol._3_Global_Economic_Regimes_and_Institutions_editor_with_Ronen_Palan_Sage_Publications_London_2007 | publisher= Sage Publications | location= London}}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | year = 2007| last1 = James| first1= Paul | authorlink= Paul James (academic) | last2= O’Brien | first2= Robert | title= Globalization and Economy, Vol. 4: Globalizing Labour | url= http://www.academia.edu/4303461/Globalization_and_Economy_Vol._4_Globalizing_Labour_editor_with_Robert_OBrien_Sage_Publications_London_2007 | publisher= Sage Publications | location = London }}
* Jameson, Fredric (1991). ''[[Postmodernism, or, the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism]]''.
* Korstanje, Maximiliano E. The rise of Thana-Capitalism and Tourism. Abingdon, Routledge. {{page| year = 2016| isbn = 978-1138209268| pages = }}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| last = Kotler| first = Philip| title = Confronting Capitalism: Real Solutions for a Troubled Economic System.| location = |publisher=AMACOM| year = 2015| isbn = 978-0814436455| pages = }}
* Mandel, Ernest . ''Late Capitalism.''. {{page| year = 1999| isbn = 978-1859842027| pages = }}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| last = Mander| first = Jerry | authorlink = Jerry Mander | title = The Capitalism Papers: Fatal Flaws of an Obsolete System | publisher= Counterpoint | year = 2012| isbn = 978-1-61902-158-7}}
* Marcel van der Linden, ''Western Marxism and the Soviet Union''. New York, Brill Publishers, 2007.
* Mayfield, Anthony. "Economics", in his ''On the Brink: Resource Depletion, Debt Collapse, and Super-technology'' ([Vancouver, B.C., Canada]: On the Brink Publishing) (2013). pp. 50.–104.
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | last1=Musacchio| first1 = Aldo | last2 = Lazzarini| first2 = Sergio G. | year = 2014| title = Reinventing State Capitalism: Leviathan in Business, Brazil and Beyond| location = Cambridge, MA | publisher = [[Harvard University Press]]| isbn = 978-0-674-72968-1 }}
* {{cite book| ref = harv| last = Newitz| first = Annalee | title = Pretend We′re Dead: Capitalist Monsters in American Pop Culture | year = 2006| publisher = [[Duke University Press]]| location = Durham, NC| isbn = 978-0822337454| url = https://www.dukeupress.edu/Pretend-Were-Dead/}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| author = Panitch, Leo, and Sam Gindin | title = The Making of Global Capitalism: the Political Economy of American Empire| location = |publisher=London, Verso| year = 2012| isbn = 978-1-84467-742-9| pages = }}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | last=Piketty| first = Thomas | authorlink = Thomas Piketty | year = 2014| title = [[Capital in the Twenty-First Century]]| location = Cambridge, MA | publisher = [[Belknap Press]]| isbn = 978-0-674-43000-6 }}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv|| last = Polanyi| first = Karl| authorlink = Karl Polanyi | title = [[The Great Transformation (book)|The Great Transformation]]: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time.| location = |publisher=[[Beacon Press]]; 2nd ed| year = 2001| isbn = 978-0-8070-5643-1| pages = }}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| author = [[Jay W. Richards|Richards, Jay W.]] | title = Money, Greed, and God: Why Capitalism is the Solution and Not the Problem| location = New York| publisher = [[HarperOne]]| year = 2009| isbn = 978-0-06-137561-3| pages = }}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| author = [[Paul Craig Roberts|Roberts, Paul Craig]] | title = The Failure of Laissez-faire Capitalism: towards a New Economics for a Full World| location = Atlanta, Ga.| publisher = Clarity Press| year = 2013| isbn = 978-0-9860362-5-5| pages = }}
* [[William I. Robinson|Robinson, William I.]] ''Global Capitalism and the Crisis of Humanity.'' [[Cambridge University Press]]. {{page| year = 2014| isbn = 978-1-107-69111-7| pages = }}
* {{Cite book | ref = harv | last=Schram| first=Sanford F. | authorlink = Sanford Schram| title = The Return of Ordinary Capitalism: Neoliberalism, Precarity, Occupy | year = 2015| publisher = Oxford University Press| url = https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-return-of-ordinary-capitalism-9780190253011?cc=us&lang=en& | isbn = 978-0190253028 }}
* Shaikh, Anwar. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120603131601/http://homepage.newschool.edu/~AShaikh/pal2.pdf "Capital as a Social Relation"] (New Palgrave article)
* Skoll, G. R., & Korstanje, M. E. (2012). "Risks, totems, and fetishes in Marx and Freud". ''Sincronía'', (2), 11–27.
* [[Werner Sombart|Sombart, Werner]] (1916) ''Der moderne Kapitalismus. Historisch-systematische Darstellung des gesamteuropäischen Wirtschaftslebens von seinen Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart.'' Final edn. 1916, repr. 1969, paperback edn. (3 vols. in 6): 1987 Munich: dtv. (Also in Spanish; no English translation yet.)
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| last = Wallerstein| first = Immanuel | authorlink = Immanuel Wallerstein | title = Historical Capitalism | publisher= [[Verso Books]] | year = 1983| isbn = 978-0-86091-761-8}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| last = Wolff| first = Richard D. | authorlink = Richard D. Wolff | title = Democracy at Work: A Cure for Capitalism | publisher= [[Haymarket Books]] | year = 2012| isbn = 978-1-60846-247-6}}
* {{Cite book| ref = harv| last = Wood| first = Ellen Meiksins | authorlink = Ellen Meiksins Wood | title = The Origin of Capitalism: A Longer View | publisher= [[Verso]] | year = 2002| isbn = 978-1-85984-392-5}}
{{Refend}}
| |||