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'''Камерна музика''' ({{јез-фр|musique de chambre}}, {{јез-енг|chamber music}}, {{јез-ит|musica da camera}}, {{јез-нем|Kammermusik}}).<ref>[[Властимир Перичић]], [[Властимир Перичић#Књиге|''Вишејезични речник музичких термина'']]</ref> је област [[класична музика|класичне музике]]. То је [[уметничка музика]] коју изводи група [[музичар]]а (било вокално или инструментално) која би могла да стане у мањи [[простор]], у „собу“ ({{јез-ит|camera}} = ''соба''). Другим речима, то је ''собна музика'', тј. музика са мањим бројем [[Подела музичких инструмената|инструмената]] (од 2-20 [[извођач]]а), која је намењена за мањи простор и ужи круг [[Публика|слушалаца]] са интимном атмосфером дома.<ref>[http://klarinetknjige.wordpress.com/o-autorima/radivoj-lazic/ Радивој Лазић], [http://klarinetknjige.wordpress.com/literatura/339-2/ucim-klarinet-iv/ Школа за кларинет: ''Учим кларинет IV''], Приступљено 8. 4. 2013.{{непоуздан извор}}</ref> ''Камерна музика'' је уједно и музички предмет који се изучава у [[музичка школа|музичким школама]] и музичким факултетима (академијама).
 
Због њене интимне природе, камерна музика је била описана као „музика пријатеља”.<ref>Christina Bashford, "The String Quartet and Society", in Stowell (2003), p 4. The expression "music of friends" was first used by Richard Walthew in a lecture published in South Place Institute, London, in 1909.</ref> Током више од 100 година су коморну музику углавном свирали у својим домовима аматерски музичари. И у данашње време, када је извођење коморне музике прешло из домова у концертне дворане, многи музичари, аматери и професионалци, и даље свирају коморну музику ради личног задовољства. Извођење камерне музике захтева посебне вештине, музичке и друштвене, које се разликују од вештина потребних за свирање соло или симфонијских дела.<ref>Estelle Ruth Jorgensen, ''The Art of Teaching Music'' (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2008): 153–54. {{ISBNpage|year=|isbn=978-0-253-35078-7|pages=}} (cloth); {{ISBNpage|year=|isbn=978-0-253-21963-3|pages=}} (pbk).</ref>
 
[[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Јохан Волфганг Гете]] је описао камерну музику (а посебно музику гудачког квартета) као „разговор четири рационална човека”.<ref>Christina Bashford, "The string quartet and society" in Stowell (2003), p 4. The quote was from a letter to C.F. Zelter, November 9, 1829.</ref> Ова конверзациона парадигма – која одражава начин на који један инструмент уводи мелодију или мотив, и затим други инструменти накнадно „одговарају” са сличним мотивом – је била нит уткана током целокупне историје композиција камерне музике од краја 18. века до данашње доба. Аналогија са конверзацијом се често среће у описима и анализама композиција камерне музике.
 
== Врсте камерне музике ==
Ред 51:
== Ансамбли ==
Стандардни репертоар за [[камерни ансамбал|камерне ансамбале]] је веома богат, а целокупност камерне музике у штампаном - [[note|нотном]] облику је скоро неограничен. Прикажимо само делимичну листу постојећих врста музичких [[Музички ансамбл|ансамбала]] које налазимо у камерној музици.
 
* Према броју [[извођач]]а камерни ансамбли могу бити:
''Дуо, трио, квартет, квинтет, октет, секстет, септет, октет'' итд.
 
* Ако желимо нагласити који инструменти учествију, онда се каже ''гудачки дуо'', ''гудачки трио'', ''гудачки квартет'' итд. Ако учествују [[дувачки инструменти]], каже се ''дувачки трио'', ''дувачки квартет'', ''дувачки квинтет'' итд.
 
* Ако поред гудачких инструмената учествује и клавир, за такав ансамбл се каже ''клавирски трио'', ''клавирски квартет'', ''клавирски квинтет'' итд.
 
* Ако у ансамблу свирају само гудачи, то је ''гудачки оркестар''.
 
* Ако у ансамблу са гудачима свира и мањи бој дувача, по 1-2 из неке групе (обоа, флаута, хорна), то је онда ''камерни оркестар''.
 
Линија 73 ⟶ 68:
== Литература ==
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* {{cite book|last=Eosze|first=Laszlo
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* {{cite book|last=Griffiths|first=Paul|title=The String Quartet: a History|publisher=Thames and Hudson
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* {{cite book|last=McCalla|first=James|title=Twentieth-Century Chamber Music|publisher=Routledge
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* {{cite book|last=Norton|first=M.D. Herter|title=The Art of String Quartet Playing
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* {{cite book
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* {{cite book|last=Sadie|first=Stanley, editor|authorlink=Stanley Sadie|title=The New Grove Violin Family
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* {{cite book|last=Schoenberg|first=Arnold
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| year = 1962}}
* {{cite book
| last = Geiringer
| first = Karl|authorlink=Karl Geiringer
| title = Haydn: a Creative Life in Music
| publisher = University of California Press
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* {{cite book
| last = Gjerdingen
| first = Robert
| title = Music in the Galant Style
| location = Oxford and New York
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* {{cite book
| last = Griffiths
| first = Paul
| title = A Concise History of Modern Music
| publisher = Thames and Hudson
| year = 1978
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* {{cite book
| last = Griffiths
| first = Paul
| title = The String Quartet: a History
| publisher = Thames and Hudson
| year = 1985
| isbn=0-500-27383-9}}
* {{cite book
| last = Kerman
| first = Joseph
| authorlink = Joseph Kerman
| title = The Beethoven Quartets
| location = New York
| publisher = W. W. Norton and Company
| year = 1979
| isbn=0-393-00909-2}}
* {{cite book
| last = McCalla
| first = James
| title = Twentieth-Century Chamber Music
| publisher = Routledge
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* {{cite book
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| first = Lucy
| title = Adams to Zemlinsky
| publisher = Concert Artists Guild
| year = 2006
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* {{cite book
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| first = M.D. Herter
| title = The Art of String Quartet Playing
| location = New York
| publisher = Simon and Schuster (1962)
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* {{cite book
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| first = Henry
| title = Social History of Music
| location = Boston
| publisher = Taplinger Publishing Company
| year = 1978}}
* {{cite book
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| title = The New Grove Violin Family
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| year = 2000
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* {{cite book|last=Solomon|first=Maynard
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* {{cite book|last=Stowell|first=Robert|title=The Cambridge Companion to the String Quartet
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* {{cite book
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* {{cite book|last=Sumner Lott|first=Marie
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|title=The Social Worlds of Nineteenth-Century Chamber Music: Composers, Consumers, Communities|year=2015|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=978-0-252-03922-5|url=http://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/catalog/69rxp7wq9780252039225.html|accessdate=12. 02. 2017}}
*{{cite book
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| id=ISBN 0-679-74582-3}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book|last=Thompson|first=Oscar|title=Debussy: Man and Artist|publisher=Tudor Publishing Company
| last = Swafford
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| first = Jan
* {{cite book|last=Ulrich|first=Homer|title=Chamber Music|publisher=Columbia University Press
| authorlink = Jan Swafford
|year=1966
| title = Johannes Brahms
| id=ISBN 0-231-08617-2}}
| publisher = Vintage Books
* {{cite book|last=Winter, Robert, and Martin|first=Robert, editors|title=The Beethoven Quartet Companion
| year = 1997
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|year=1994
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| last = Thompson
| first = Oscar
| title = Debussy: Man and Artist
| publisher = Tudor Publishing Company
| year = 1940}}
* {{cite book
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| first = Homer
| title = Chamber Music
| publisher = Columbia University Press
| year = 1966
| isbn=0-231-08617-2}}
* {{cite book
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| first = Robert, editors
| title = The Beethoven Quartet Companion
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| year = 1994
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* ''[[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians]]'' (ed. [[Stanley Sadie]], 1980)
{{refend}}
Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Камерна_музика”