U [[statistical hypothesis testing|statističkom testiranju hipoteze]], '''-{''p''}--vrednost''' ({{jez-eng-lat|probability value}}) ili '''vrednost verovatnoće''' je, za dati [[statistical model|statistički model]], the probability that, when the [[null hypothesis]] is true, the [[Summary statistics|statistical summary]] (such as the absolute value of the sample mean difference between two compared groups) would be greater than or equal to the [[Realization (probability)|actual observed results]].<ref name="ASA">{{cite journal |last1 = Wasserstein |first1 = Ronald L. |last2 = Lazar |first2 = Nicole A. |date= 7 March 2016 |title = The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose |journal= The American Statistician |volume = 70 |issue = 2 |pages = 129–133 |doi= 10.1080/00031305.2016.1154108 |url = https://amstat.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00031305.2016.1154108 }}</ref> The use of ''p''-values in statistical hypothesis testing is common in many fields of research<ref name="Bhattacharya2002">{{cite journal |last1 = Bhattacharya |first1 = Bhaskar |last2 = Habtzghi |first2 = DeSale |year = 2002 |title = Median of the p value under the alternative hypothesis |journal = The American Statistician |volume = 56 |issue = 3 |pages = 202–6 |doi = 10.1198/000313002146 }}</ref> such as [[physics]], [[economics]], [[finance]], [[political science]], [[psychology]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Wetzels | first1 = R. | last2 = Matzke | first2 = D. | last3 = Lee | first3 = M. D. | last4 = Rouder | first4 = J. N. |last5 = Iverson |first5 = G. J. |last6 = Wagenmakers |first6 = E. -J. |doi = 10.1177/1745691611406923 | title = Statistical Evidence in Experimental Psychology: An Empirical Comparison Using 855 t Tests |journal = Perspectives on Psychological Science |volume = 6 |issue = 3 |pages = 291–298 |year = 2011 |pmid = 26168519 |pmc = }}</ref> [[biology]], [[criminal justice]], [[criminology]], and [[sociology]].<ref>Babbie, E. (2007). The practice of social research 11th ed. Thomson Wadsworth: Belmont, California.</ref> The [[misuse of p-values]] is a controversial topic in [[metascience]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ioannidis |first1=John P. A. |last2=Ware |first2=Jennifer J. |last3=Wagenmakers |first3=Eric-Jan |last4=Simonsohn |first4=Uri |last5=Chambers |first5=Christopher D. |last6=Button |first6=Katherine S. |last7=Bishop |first7=Dorothy V. M. |last8=Nosek |first8=Brian A. |last9=Munafò |first9=Marcus R. |title=A manifesto for reproducible science |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-016-0021 |website=Nature Human Behaviour |accessdate=9 May 2019 |pages=0021 |language=en |doi=10.1038/s41562-016-0021 |date=January 2017}}</ref>▼
▲U [[statistical hypothesis testing|statističkom testiranju hipoteze]], '''-{''p''}--vrednost''' ({{jez-eng-lat|probability value}}) ili '''vrednost verovatnoće''' je, za dati [[statistical model|statistički model]],theverovatnoća probabilityje da thatće, whenkada theje [[nullNull hypothesis|nulta hipoteza]] is truetačna, the [[Summary statistics|statisticalstatistički summaryparametar]] (suchkao asšto theje absoluteapsolutna valuevrednost ofprosečne therazlike sampleizmeđu meandve differenceupoređene between two compared groupsgrupe) wouldbiti beveći greaterili than or equal to thejednak [[Realization (probability)|actualstvarno observeduočenom resultsrezultatima]].<ref name="ASA">{{cite journal |last1 = Wasserstein |first1 = Ronald L. |last2 = Lazar |first2 = Nicole A. |date= 7 March 2016 |title = The ASA's Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose |journal= The American Statistician |volume = 70 |issue = 2 |pages = 129–133 |doi= 10.1080/00031305.2016.1154108 |url = https://amstat.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00031305.2016.1154108 }}</ref> The use ofUpotreba -{''p''}-values-vrednosti inu statisticaltestiranju hypothesisstatističkih testinghipoteza isje commonuobičajena inu manymnogim fieldsoblastima of researchistraživanja<ref name="Bhattacharya2002">{{cite journal |last1 = Bhattacharya |first1 = Bhaskar |last2 = Habtzghi |first2 = DeSale |year = 2002 |title = Median of the p value under the alternative hypothesis |journal = The American Statistician |volume = 56 |issue = 3 |pages = 202–6 |doi = 10.1198/000313002146 }}</ref> suchkao asšto su [[physicsfizika]], [[economicsekonomija]], [[financefinansije]], [[politicalpolitičke sciencenauke]], [[psychologypsihologija]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Wetzels | first1 = R. | last2 = Matzke | first2 = D. | last3 = Lee | first3 = M. D. | last4 = Rouder | first4 = J. N. |last5 = Iverson |first5 = G. J. |last6 = Wagenmakers |first6 = E. -J. |doi = 10.1177/1745691611406923 | title = Statistical Evidence in Experimental Psychology: An Empirical Comparison Using 855 t Tests |journal = Perspectives on Psychological Science |volume = 6 |issue = 3 |pages = 291–298 |year = 2011 |pmid = 26168519 |pmc = }}</ref> [[biologybiologija]], [[criminalkrivično justicepravo]], [[criminologykriminologija]],andi [[sociologysociologija]].<ref>Babbie, E. (2007). The practice of social research 11th ed. Thomson Wadsworth: Belmont, California.</ref> The [[misuse of p-values|Zloupotreba -{''p''}--vrednosti]] isje akontroverzna controversialtema topic inu [[metascience|metanauci]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ioannidis |first1=John P. A. |last2=Ware |first2=Jennifer J. |last3=Wagenmakers |first3=Eric-Jan |last4=Simonsohn |first4=Uri |last5=Chambers |first5=Christopher D. |last6=Button |first6=Katherine S. |last7=Bishop |first7=Dorothy V. M. |last8=Nosek |first8=Brian A. |last9=Munafò |first9=Marcus R. |title=A manifesto for reproducible science |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-016-0021 |website=Nature Human Behaviour |accessdate=9 May 2019 |pages=0021 |language=en |doi=10.1038/s41562-016-0021 |date=January 2017}}</ref>
Italicisation, capitalisation and hyphenation of the term varies. For example, [[AMA style]] uses "''P'' value", [[APA style]] uses "''p'' value", and the [[American Statistical Association]] uses "''p''-value".<ref>http://magazine.amstat.org/wp-content/uploads/STATTKadmin/style%5B1%5D.pdf</ref>▼
