Opisthokont — разлика између измена

-{'''Opisthokont'''}- ([[Grčki jezik|grč.]] {{lang|grc|ὀπίσθιος}} [-{''opísthios''}-] = "rear, posterior" + {{lang|grc|κοντός}} [-{''kontós''}-] = "pole" i.e. "flagellum") ili -{'''Choanozoa'''}-, je naziv za široku grupu [[eukariote|eukariota]], čime su obuhvaćena [[životinja|životinjska]] i [[gljiva|gljivična]] [[Царство (биологија)|carstva]],<ref name="pmid18461162">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shalchian-Tabrizi K, Minge MA, Espelund M, etal |editor1-last=Aramayo|editor1-first=Rodolfo |title=Multigene phylogeny of choanozoa and the origin of animals |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=e2098 |date=7. 5. 2008 |pmid=18461162 |pmc=2346548 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0002098 |url=http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002098|bibcode = 2008PLoSO...3.2098S }}</ref> zajedno sa eukariotskim [[mikroorganizam|mikroorganizmima]] koji se ponekad grupišu u [[Parafiletičnost|parafiletički]] [[razdeo]] -{''[[Choanozoa]]''}- (konvencionalno dodeljen carstvu [[Протисти|protista]]).<ref name="pmid16151185" >{{cite journal|vauthors=Steenkamp ET, Wright J, Baldauf SL |title=The protistan origins of animals and fungi|journal=Mol. Biol. Evol. |volume=23|issue=1|date= 2006|pmid=16151185|doi=10.1093/molbev/msj011|url=http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16151185|pages=93–106}}</ref> Opisthokonti, koji se ponekad nazivaju „gljivično/metazoanskom” grupom,<ref name="urlFungi/Metazoa group">{{cite web|url=http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/33154|title=Fungi/Metazoa group|format=|work=|accessdate=2009-03-08|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6Art5AyvG?url=http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/33154|archive-date=22. 09. 2012|dead-url-status=yesdead|df=}}</ref> se generalno prepoznaju kao [[Monofilija|monofilijska]] [[Kladus|klada]], i smatraju se baznom kladom -{''[[Obazoa]]''}-, sestrom -{''[[Apusomonadida]]''}- – -{''[[Breviata]]''}- klada.<ref name="pmid16151185"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Huang|first1=Jinling |first2=Ying |last2=Xu|first3=Johann Peter |last3=Gogarten|title=The presence of a haloarchaeal type tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase marks the opisthokonts as monophyletic |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume=22 |issue=11 |date= 2005 |doi=10.1093/molbev/msi221 |pmid=16049196|pages=2142–2146}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Parfrey, Laura Wegener|title=Evaluating support for the current classification of eukaryotic diversity |journal=PLOS Genetics |volume=2 |issue=12 |year=2006|page=e220 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.0020220|display-authors=etal |pmid=17194223 |pmc=1713255}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Torruella|first=Guifré|title=Phylogenetic relationships within the Opisthokonta based on phylogenomic analyses of conserved single-copy protein domains |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume=29 |issue=2 |year=2012|doi=10.1093/molbev/msr185|display-authors=etal |pmid=21771718 |pmc=3350318|pages=531–544}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Eme|first=Laura|last2=Sharpe|first2=Susan C.|last3=Brown|first3=Matthew W.|last4=Roger|first4=Andrew J.|date=2014-08-01|title=On the Age of Eukaryotes: Evaluating Evidence from Fossils and Molecular Clocks|url=http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/6/8/a016139|journal=Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology|language=en|volume=6|issue=8|pages=a016139|doi=10.1101/cshperspect.a016139|issn=1943-0264|pmid=25085908}}</ref>