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== Zaleđina ==
An IED is a [[Bomb]] fabricated in an improvised manner incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, [[pyrotechnic]], or [[incendiary device|incendiary]] [[chemical industry|chemicals]] and designed to destroy or incapacitate personnel or vehicles. In some cases, IEDs are used to distract, disrupt, or delay an opposing force, facilitating another type of attack.<ref name="AAP-6">{{cite book | title = NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions (AAP-6) | year = 2010 | publisher = [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] | url = http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/doctrine/other/aap6.pdf | format = PDF | pages = 2–1–2 | access-date = 2012-11-28 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151017194022/http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/doctrine/other/aap6.pdf | archive-date = 2015-10-17 | url-status = dead }}</ref> IEDs may incorporate [[military]] or commercially sourced explosives, and often combine both types, or they may otherwise be made with homemade explosives (HME). An HME lab refers to a Homemade Explosive Lab, or the physical location where the devices are crafted. ▼
▲AnImprovizovani IEDeksplozivni isuređaj aje [[ Bombbomba]] fabricatedproizvedena inna animprovizovan improvisednačin mannerkoja incorporatinguključuje destructiverazarajuće, lethalsmrtonosne, noxiousštetne, [[ pyrotechnicPirotehnika|pirotehničke]] , orili [[incendiary device| incendiaryzapaljive]] [[ chemicalХемијска industryиндустрија| chemicalshemikalije]] , andi designedosmišljena toje destroyda oruništi incapacitateili personnelonesposobi orosoblje vehiclesili vozila. InU somenekim casesslučajevima, IEDsIED-ovi arese usedkoriste toza distractodvraćanje, disrupt,ometanje orili delayzadržavanje anneprijateljskih opposing forcesnaga, facilitatingolakšavajući anotherneku typedrugu ofvrstu attacknapada.<ref name="AAP-6">{{cite book | title = NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions (AAP-6) | year = 2010 | publisher = [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] | url = http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/doctrine/other/aap6.pdf | format = PDF | pages = 2–1–2 | access-date = 2012-11-28 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151017194022/http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/doctrine/other/aap6.pdf | archive-date = 2015-10-17 | url-status = dead }}</ref> IEDsIED-ovi maymogu incorporateda sadrže [[ militaryВојска|vojne]] orili commerciallykomercijalne sourced explosiveseksplozive, andi oftenčesto combinekombinuju bothobe typesvrste, orili theyse mayna otherwisedrugi benačin mademogu withpraviti homemadesa explosivesdomaćim eksplozivima (HME). An HME lablaboratorija refersodnosi tose ana Homemadekućnu Explosive Lab,laboratoriju oreksploziva theili physicalna locationfizičku wherelokaciju thegde devicessu areuređaji craftednapravljeni.
An IED has five components: a switch (activator), an initiator (fuse), container (body), charge (explosive), and a power source (battery). An IED designed for use against armoured targets such as personnel carriers or tanks will be designed for armour penetration, by using a [[shaped charge]] that creates an [[explosively formed penetrator]]. IEDs are extremely diverse in design and may contain many types of initiators, detonators, penetrators, and explosive loads.
IED ima pet komponenti: prekidač (aktivator), inicijator (osigurač), spremnik (telo), naboj (eksploziv) i izvor napajanja (baterija). IED dizajniran za upotrebu protiv oklopnih ciljeva kao što su nosači osoblja ili tenkovi se dizajnira za prodor oklopa, korišćenjem [[Shaped charge|oblikovanog naboja]] koji stvara [[explosively formed penetrator|eksplozivno formiranu penetraciju]]. IED-ovi su izuzetno raznovrsni u dizajnu i mogu da sadrže mnogo vrsta inicijatora, detonatora, penetratora i eksplozivnih punjenja.
Antipersonnel IEDs typically also contain fragmentation-generating objects such as nails, ball bearings or even small rocks to cause wounds at greater distances than blast pressure alone could. In the conflicts of the [[21st century]], anti-personnel improvised explosive devices (IED) have partially replaced conventional or military [[landmines]] as the source of injury to dismounted ([[pedestrian]]) soldiers and civilians. These injuries were reported in [[BMJ Open]] to be far worse with IEDs than with [[landmines]] resulting in multiple limb [[amputation]]s and lower body mutilation.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors= Smith S et al.|date= 2017|title= Injury profile suffered by targets of antipersonnel improvised explosive devices: prospective cohort study|journal= BMJ Open|volume= 7|issue= 7|page= e014697|doi= 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014697|pmc= 5691184|pmid= 28835410}}</ref> This combination of injuries has been given the name "Dismounted Complex Blast Injury" and is thought to be the worst survivable injury ever seen in [[war]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors= Cannon JW et al.|date= 2016|title= Dismounted Complex Blast Injuries: A Comprehensive Review of the Modern Combat Experience.|url= http://www.journalacs.org/article/S1072-7515(16)30689-5/fulltext|journal= J Am Coll Surg|volume= 223|issue= 4|pages= 652–664|doi= 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.07.009|pmc= |pmid= 27481095|access-date= 28 August 2017}}</ref> ▼
▲AntipersonnelAntipersonalni IEDsIED typicallytipično alsotakođe containsadrži fragmentation-generatingi objectsobjekte suchza asgenerisanje nailsfragmentacije, ballkao bearingsšto orsu evenekseri, smallkuglični rocksležajevi toili causečak woundsmale atstene greaterda distancesbi thanse blastizazvale pressurerane alonena could.većim Inrastojanjima thenego conflictsšto ofbi these samim potisnim pritiskom eksplozije moglo ostvariti. U sukobima [[ 21st21. centuryvek]] a, anti-personnelprotivpešadijske improvisedimprovizovane explosiveeksplozivne devicesnaprave (IED) havedelimično partiallysu replacedzamenile conventionalkonvencionalne orili militaryvojne [[ landminesМина|nagazne mine]] askao theizvor source of injury to dismountedpovreda ([[ pedestrianpešak]] a) soldiersvojnika andi civilianscivila. TheseZa injuriesove werepovrede reportedje inobjavljeno u časopisu -{''[[BMJ Open]] ''}- toda besu farmnogo worsegore withkod IEDsimprovizovanih thaneksplozivnih withuređaja [[landmines]]nego resultingkod innagaznih multiplemina, limbšto je rezultiralo višestrukim [[ amputationАмпутација|amputacijama]] s andudova i osakaćivanjem lowerdonje bodydela mutilationtela.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors= Smith S et al.|date= 2017|title= Injury profile suffered by targets of antipersonnel improvised explosive devices: prospective cohort study|journal= BMJ Open|volume= 7|issue= 7|page= e014697|doi= 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014697|pmc= 5691184|pmid= 28835410}}</ref> ThisOva combinationkombinacija ofpovreda injuriesdobila hasje beenime given„pešačka thekompleksna namepovreda "Dismountedod Complex Blast Injury"eksplozije” andi issmatra thoughtse toda beje thenajgori worstpreživljiv survivablevid injurypovreda everikad seenviđen inu [[ warrat]] u.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors= Cannon JW et al.|date= 2016|title= Dismounted Complex Blast Injuries: A Comprehensive Review of the Modern Combat Experience.|url= http://www.journalacs.org/article/S1072-7515(16)30689-5/fulltext|journal= J Am Coll Surg|volume= 223|issue= 4|pages= 652–664|doi= 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.07.009|pmc= |pmid= 27481095|access-date= 28 August 2017}}</ref>
IEDs are triggered by various methods, including remote control, infrared or magnetic triggers, pressure-sensitive bars or trip wires (victim-operated). In some cases, multiple IEDs are wired together in a [[daisy chain (electrical engineering)|daisy chain]] to attack a convoy of vehicles<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=83P4pNkl7C4&t=4s|title=Insane IED Daisy Chain Attack in Syria|last=genel bakış|date=30 May 2013|publisher=|via=YouTube}}</ref> spread out along a roadway.
Improvizovani eksplozivni uređaji se pokreću različitim metodama, uključujući daljinski upravljač, infracrveni ili magnetni okidač, šipke osetljive na pritisak ili spotičuće žice (pokretane žrtvom). U nekim slučajevima višestruki IED-ovi povezani su u [[Дејзи ланац (електротехника)|dejzi lanac]] rašireni duž kolovoza, kako bi napao konvoj vozila<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=83P4pNkl7C4&t=4s|title=Insane IED Daisy Chain Attack in Syria|last=genel bakış|date=30 May 2013|publisher=|via=YouTube}}</ref>
== Reference ==
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