Džafar as-Sadik — разлика између измена

{{rut}}{{short description|Muslimanski naučnik iz 8. veka}}

| opis_slike = Arapski tekst sa imenom Džafar ibn Muhameda i jednog od njegovih naslova, „al„as-Sadik”

'''Džafar ibn Muhamed as-Sadik''' ({{lang-ar|جَعْفَر ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلصَّادِق|el}}; 700 ili 702–765), opšte poznatapoznat kao '''Džafar alas-Sadik''' ili jednostavno '''as-Sadik''' (Istiniti), bio je muslimanski naučnik iz 8. veka.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=hAqwjgEACAAJ&dq=Ja'far+al+sadiq+scientist|title=The Great Muslim Scientist and Philosopher Imam Jafar Ibn Mohammed As-Sadiq (as|first=Imam|last=Jaffer-as-sadiq|date=3 November 2015|publisher=CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|via=Google Books|isbn=9781519104762}}</ref> On se smatra [[Imamah (Shia doctrine)|imamom]] i osnivačem [[Ja'fari jurisprudence|Džafarske škole jurisprudencije]] bymeđu [[Twelverdvanaestnici]]ma andi [[Isma'ilism|Isma'iliismailskim]] [[Shia IslamШиизам|Shi’ašiitima]]s, andi ajedna majorje figureod inglavnih thefigura u [[HanafiХанифијски мезхеб|hanafskim]] andi [[MalikiМаликијски мезхеб|malikijskim]] [[Madhhab|schoolsškolama]] ofsunske Sunni jurisprudencejurisprudencije.<ref>{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zlEQCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA142|page=142|title=Dissent on Core Beliefs: Religious and Secular Perspectives|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2015|isbn=9781107101524}}</ref> HeOn wasje a descendantbio of thenaslednik [[CaliphCaliphate|kalifa]] [[AliAlija]] andi [[FatimahFatima bint Muhamed|Fatime]] [[PatronymicПатроним#Arabic|bint]] [[MuhammadMuhamed]] on the sidena ofstrani hissvog fatheroca, [[Muhammad al-Baqir|Muhameda al-Bakira]], and ofi [[Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr]]|Muhameda onibn theAbu maternalBakra]] sidena ofmajčinoj hisstrani familyfimilije, [[Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim|Farve bint al-Kasim]]. [[Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr|Muhameda ibn Abi Bakra]] was raisedje byuzgajio Ali, butali wason notnije bio hisnjegov sonsin.<ref>{{Cite book|title = بحارالانوار|last = علامه مجلسی|publisher = |year = |isbn = |location = |pages = 5|volume = 47}}</ref> Ali usedje toimao sayobičaj da kaže: "Muhammad„Muhamed Ibn AbuEbu BakrBekr isje mymoj sonsin, butali iz fromroda Abu Bakr's lineage"Bakra”.<ref>{{Cite book|title = شرح نهج البلاغه|last = ابن ابی الحدید|publisher = |year = |isbn = |location = |pages = 53|volume = 6}}</ref> AlAs-SadiqSadik isje thešesti 6thimam Imamza for Twelversdvanaestnike, isi recognizedvećina byšiita thega majoritypriznaje ofkao the Shi’a as an Imamimama, and is revereda inu [[Sunni Islam|sunitskom islamu]] asje apoštovan transmitterkao ofprenosilac [[hadithhadis]]sa, therefore astoga prominentprominentni [[UlemaУлема|juristpravnik]],<ref name="Gleaves" /> andi amistik mystic toza [[SufismСуфизам|Sufissufiste]]. DespiteUprkos hissvojim wide-rangingširokim attributionsopsezima inu amnogim numberreligijskim religious disciplinesdisciplinama, nonijedno worksdelo penned by Ja'farsamog himselfDžanara remainnje extantsačuvano.<ref name="Gleaves T" />

AlAs-SadiqSadik wasje bornrođen in eitherbilo 700. orili 702 [[Common Era|CE]]godine. HeOn inheritedje thenasledio positionpoložaj ofimama imamod fromsvog hisoca fathersredinom insvojih histridesetih mid-thirtiesgodina. AsKao ašiitski Shi’a Imamimam, alas-SadiqSadik stayedse outdržao ofizvan thepolitičkih politicalsukoba conflictskoji thatsu embroiled thezahvatili region, evadingizbegavajući thebrojne manyzahteve requestsza forpodršku supportkoji thatsu hedolazili receivedod from rebelspobunjenika. HeBio wasje thežrtva victimuznemiravanja of some harassment byod thestrane [[AbbasidАбасидски калифат|abasidskih]] caliphskalifa, anda wasna eventuallykraju je, accordingprema tomišljenju Shi’ašiitskih Muslimsmuslimana, poisonedotrovan atpo thenaredbi orders of the Caliphkalifa [[Al-El Mansur]]a. InPored additionpovezanosti tosa hissunitskim connectionškolama withsunitske Sunni schools of Sunni jurisprudencejurisprudencije,<ref name="WIJSSS">{{cite web|last1=Abdullah Anik Misra|title=Was Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq Sunni or Shi'i?|url=http://islamqa.org/hanafi/seekersguidance-hanafi/32840|website=Islamqa.org|accessdate=18 May 2018|date=14 September 2012}}</ref> heon wasje abio significantznačajna figurefigura inu theformulaciji formulationšiitske of Shia doctrinedoktrine. TheSmatra traditionsse recordedda fromsu al-Sadiqtradicije arezabeležene saidod toas-Sadika bemnogobrojnije more numerous than allod [[hadithhadis]]sa zabeleženih recordedod fromsvih alldrugih otheršiijatskih Shiaimama imamsu combinedzajedno.<ref name="Tabatabai">{{cite book|last1=Tabatabai|first1=Sayyid Muhammad Husayn|others= Translated by [[Seyyed Hossein Nasr]] | authorlink=Allameh Tabatabaei | title= Shi'ite Islam|publisher=SUNY press|pages=68–69,179–181| year=1997| isbn=0-87395-272-3}}</ref> As the founderKao ofosnivač [[Ja'fari jurisprudence|Džafarske sudske prakse]], alas-SadiqSadik alsoje elaboratedtakođe therazvio doctrinedoktrine ofo ''[[Nass (Islam)|NassNasu]]'' (divinelybožanski inspirednadahnutoj designationdezignaciji ofsvakog eachimama imampo byprethodnom the previous imamimamu), andi ''[[Ismah]]u'' (thenepogrešivosti infallibility of the imamsimama), askao well asi thatonu ofo [[TaqiyyahKetman]]u.<ref name="haywood">{{cite web|last1=Haywood |first1=John A.|title=Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/299261/Jafar-ibn-Muhammad |website= Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref><ref name="chittick">{{cite book|last1=Tabåatabåa'åi|first1=Muhammad Husayn|title=A Shi'ite Anthology| date=1981|others=Selected and with a Foreword by [[Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i]]; Translated with Explanatory Notes by [[William Chittick]]; Under the Direction of and with an Introduction by [[Hossein Nasr]] |publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=9780585078182|pages=9–11, 42–43}}</ref>

ThePitanje questionsukcesije ofnakon successionas-Sadikove aftersmrti al-Sadiq'sbilo deathje wasuzrok thepodele causemeđu ofšiitima divisionkoji amongsu Shi’asmatrali whoda consideredje hisnjegov eldestnajstariji son,sin [[Isma'il ibn JafarJa'far|Isma'ilIsmail]] (whokoji hadje reportedlynavodno diedumro beforepre hissvog fatheroca) tosledeći beimam, thei nextonih Imam,koji andsu thosesmatrali whoda believedje hisnjegov thirdtreći sonsin [[Musa al-Kadhim|Musa as-Kadim]] was thebio imam. ThePrva firstgrupa groupje becamepostala knownpoznata aspod theimenom Ismailisismailci, anda the seconddruga, largerveća grupa, groupnazvana was named Ja'farije ordžafari theili [[Twelverdvanaestnici]]s.<ref name="EncycOfIslam"/><ref name="Armstrong">{{cite book|last1=Armstrong|first1=Karen|title=Islam, A Short History|date=2002|publisher=Modern Library; Rev Upd Su edition|isbn=978-0812966183|pages=56–57, 66}}</ref>