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Kako se inženjerstvo tokom 19. veka razvijalo kao posebna profesija, inženjeri su sebe doživljavali kao nezavisne profesionalne stručnjake, ili kao tehničke zaposlene osobe velikih preduzeća. Između dve strane postojala je znatna napetost, jer su se veliki industrijski poslodavci borili da zadrže kontrolu nad svojim osobljem.<ref>Layton (1986). pp. 6-9</ref>
U Sjedinjenim Državama rastući profesionalizam je podstakao razvoj četiri inženjerska društva: Američko društvo građevinskih inženjera ({{jez-eng-lat|American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE}}) (1851), [[American Institute of Electrical Engineers|Američki institut elektrotehničkih inženjera]] ({{jez-eng-lat|American Institute of Electrical Engineers, AIEE}}) (1884),<ref name = "AIEE to IEEE">The AIEE merged with the [[Institute of Radio Engineers]] (IRE) (1912) in 1963 to form the IEEE.</ref> Američko društvo mašinskih inženjera ({{jez-eng-lat|American Society of Mechanical Engineers, ASME}}) (1880) i [[American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers|Američki institut rudarskih inženjera]] ({{jez-eng-lat||American Institute of Mining Engineersm, AIME}}) (1871).<ref name = "AIME">AIME is now the umbrella organization of four technical societies: the [http://www.smenet.org/ Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration] (SME) (1957), [[The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS)|The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society]] (TMS) (1957), the [[Society of Petroleum Engineers]] (SPE) (1957), and the [http://www.aist.org Association For Iron and Steel Technology] (AIST) (1974). Neither AIME, nor its subsidiary societies have adopted a formal code of ethics.</ref> ASCE i AIEE su bliže identifikovani sa inženjerom kao učenim profesionalcem, dok se ASME u izvesnoj meri, i AIME gotovo u potpunosti identifikuje sa stavom da je inženjer tehnička zaposlena osoba.<ref name = "Layton p. 35">Layton (1986) p. 35.</ref>
Uprkos tome, u to doba etika se više smatrala ličnom nego širokom profesionalnom brigom.<ref name = "ASCE Standard, p. 10">ASCE (2000). p. 10.</ref><ref name="ASCE code of ethics">{{cite web
[[File:BostonMolassesDisaster.jpg|thumb|[[Boston molasses disaster|Velika poplava melase]] u [[Boston]]u pružila je snažan podsticaj za uspostavljanje profesionalnog licenciranja i etičkih kodeksa u Sjedinjenim Državama.]]
WhenDok these 19th19. centuryvek drewpribližavao tokraju ai closepočetkom and20. the 20th century beganveka, theredošlo hadje beendo series ofniza significantznačajnih [[structuralStructural integrity and failure|strukturnih kvarova]]s, includinguključujući someneke spectacularspektakularne [[List of bridge disasters|bridgekolapse failuresmostova]], notablykao što thesu [[Ashtabula River Railroadrailroad Disasterdisaster|katastrofa železničkog prelaza reke Aštabule]] (1876), [[Tay Bridge disaster|Taykatastrofa BridgeTaj Disastermosta]] (1879), andi thekolaps [[Quebec Bridge#Collapse of August 29.2C 1907|Quebec BridgeKvebek collapsemosta]] (1907). TheseTo hadje aimalo profounddubok effectuticaj onna engineersinženjere andi forcedprimoralo theje professionprofesiju toda confrontse shortcomingssuoči insa technicalnedostacima andu constructiontehničkoj practicei građevinskoj praksi, as wellkao asi ethicaletičkim standardsstandardima.<ref>ASME member H.F.J. Porter had proposed as early as 1892 that the engineering societies adopt uniform membership, education, and licensing requirements as well as a code of ethics. (Layton (1986). pp. 45-46)</ref>
OneJedan responseod wasresponsa thebio developmentje ofrazvoj formalformalnih codesetičkih ofkodeksa ethicsod bystrane threetri ofod thečetiri fourosnivačka foundinginženjerska engineering societiesdruštva. AIEE adoptedih je usvojilo theirsta inplavila 1912. godien. ASCE andi ASME didsu soto inučinili 1914.<ref name = "Layton pp. 70 & 114">Layton (1986). pp. 70 & 114.</ref> AIME did not adoptnije ausvojila codeetički ofkodeks ethicsu insvojoj itsdosadašnjoj historyistoriji.<ref name = "Layton p. 35"/>
ConcernsZabrinutost forza professionalprofesionalnu practicepraksu and protecting thei publiczaštitu highlightedjavnosti bypodstaknuta thesetim bridgekolapsima failuresmostova, askao well as thei [[Boston molasses disaster|Bostonskom katastrofom melase]] (1919), providedpružila impetusje forpodstrek anotherjoš movementjednom thatpokretu hadkoji beenje underwaytrajao forveć someneko timevreme: toinsistiranju requirena formalformalnim credentialsakreditacijama (Professionallicenca Engineeringza licensureprofesionalno ininženjerstvo theu USSAD-u) askao auslovu requirement toza [[ProfessionalRegulation Engineerand licensure in engineering|practiceobavljanje]] posla. ThisTo involvesuključuje meetingispunjavanje someizvesne combinationkombinacije ofobrazovnih educationalzahteva, experience,iskustava andi zahteva testingza requirementstestiranjem.<ref name = "Layton pp. 124-125">Layton (1986). pp. 124-125.</ref>
InGodine 1950, the [[Verein Deutscher Ingenieure|AssociationUdruženje ofnemačkih German Engineersinženjera]] developedje anza oathsve forsvoje allčlanove itsrazvilo memberszakletvu titledpod 'Thenazivom Confession„Ispovest of the Engineers'inženjera”, directly hinting at the roledirektno ofnapominjući engineersulogu ininženjera theu atrocitieszverstvima committedpočinjenim duringtokom WorldDrugog Warsvetskog IIrata.<ref>{{cite book |title=Technische Intelligenz und "Kulturfaktor Technik" |editor-last=Dietz |editor-first=Burkhard |date=1996 |pages=29 |url=https://books.google.nl/books?id=FGfkMqguYd4C}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Technik und Verantwortung im Nationalsozialismus |date=2004 |last=Lorenz |first=Werner |last2=Meyer |first2=Torsen |pages=55 |url=https://books.google.nl/books?id=9ClQ9yxA7-QC}}</ref><ref>https://www.vdi.de/fileadmin/media/content/hg/16.pdf</ref>
=== Nedavni događaji ===
[[File:Citigroup center from ground.jpg|thumb|[[Citigroup Center#Engineering crisis of 1978|Vilijam Lemesurijerov respons]] na nedostatke u dizajnu otkrivene nakon izgradnje Centra Citigrupe često se navode kao primer etičkog ponašanja.]]
Napori za promociju etičke prakse se nastavljaju. Pored napora profesionalnih društava i čarterskih organizacija sa svojim članovima, kanadski [[Iron Ring|Gvozdeni prsten]] i američki [[Order of the Engineer|Red inženjera]] vode svoje korene do kolapsa Kvebečkog mosta 1907. godine. Obe zahtevaju od članova da polože zakletvu da će podržavati etičku praksu i da nose simboličan prsten kao podsetnik.
Efforts to promote ethical practice continue. In addition to the professional societies and chartering organizations efforts with their members, the Canadian [[Iron Ring]] and American [[Order of the Engineer]] trace their roots to the 1907 Quebec Bridge collapse. Both require members to swear an oath to uphold ethical practice and wear a symbolic ring as a reminder.
InU theSjedinjenim United StatesDržavama, the [[National Society of Professional Engineers|Nacionalno društvo profesionalnih inženjera]] releasedobjavilo inje 1946. itsgodine Canonssvoje of''Etičke Ethicskanone forza Engineersinženjere'' andi Rules''Pravila ofprofesionalnog Professional Conductponašanja'', whichkoji evolvedsu toevoluirali thedo currenttrenutnog CodeEtičkog of Ethicskodeksa, adopted inusvojenog 1964. TheseOvi requestszahtevi ultimatelysu ledna tokraju thedoveli creationdo of the Board ofstvaranja EthicalOdbora Reviewetička inrevizija 1954. EthicsSlučajevi casesetike rarelyretko haveimaju easyjednostavne answersodgovore, butali theskoro BER's500 nearlysavetodavnih 500mišljenja advisoryBER-a opinionspomoglo haveje helpedda bringse clarityrazjasne toetička thepitanja s ethicalkojima issuesse engineersinženjeri facesvakodnevno dailysusreću.<ref name=BER>{{cite web
| title =Board of Ethical Review
| publisher =National Society of Professional Engineers
| accessdate =Nov 29, 2013 }}</ref>
Currently,Trenutno briberyse andmitom politicali corruptionpolitičkom iskorupcijom beingvrlo addresseddirektno verybavi directlynekoliko byprofesionalnih several professional societies anddruštava businessi groupsposlovnih aroundgrupa theširom worldsveta.<ref name = "TI bribery">{{cite book | others = Transparency International and Social Accountability International |year = 2009 | title = Business Principles for Countering Bribery | url =http://www.transparency.org/whatwedo/pub/business_principles_for_countering_bribery| accessdate = 2013-11-29 }}</ref><ref name="ASCE bribery">{{cite press release|title=Report Details Guidelines to Reduce Corruption in Engineering and Construction Industry |publisher=ASCE |date=2005-06-17 |url=http://www.asce.org/pressroom/news/display_press.cfm?uid=1794 |accessdate=2006-10-20 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165346/http://www.asce.org/pressroom/news/display_press.cfm?uid=1794 |archivedate=2007-09-30 }}</ref> HoweverMeđutim, newpojavila issuessu havese arisennova pitanja, such aspoput [[offshoringofšoring]]a, [[sustainableОдрживи developmentразвој|održivog razvoja]], andi zaštite environmentalživotne protectionsredine, thatkoja thestruka professionmora isda havingrazmotri to consider andi addressreši.
== Reference ==
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