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{{Short description|Амерички песник, есејиста и новинар (1819–1892)}}
{{Књижевник
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'''Волт Витман''' ({{јез-енгл|Walt Whitman}}; [[Вест Хилс (Њујорк)|Вест Хилс]], [[31. мај]] [[1819]]. — [[Њу Џерзи]], [[26. март]] [[1892]]) био је [[Сједињене Америчке Државе|амерички]] песник. Витманова поезија представљала је идеје покрета трансцендентализма и његово дело раскида везе америчке књижевности са енглеском и конвенционалним метром и римом, стварајући независну и самосвојну америчку поезију.{{sfn|Пурешић|2005|p=7}} Спада у најутицајније америчке песнике.{{sfn|Пурешић|2005|p=10}} Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon, often called the father of [[free verse]].<ref name=Reynolds314/> His work was controversial in his time, particularly his 1855 poetry collection ''[[Leaves of Grass]]'', which was described as obscene for its overt sensuality.
 
Born in [[Huntington, New York|Huntington]] on [[Long Island]], Whitman resided in [[Brooklyn]] as a child and through much of his career. At the age of 11, he left formal schooling to go to work. Later, Whitman worked as a journalist, a teacher, and a government clerk. Whitman's major poetry collection, ''Leaves of Grass'', was first published in 1855 with his own money and became well known. The work was an attempt at reaching out to the common person with an American [[epic poetry|epic]]. He continued expanding and revising it until his death in 1892. During the [[American Civil War]], he went to [[Washington, D.C.]] and worked in hospitals caring for the wounded. His poetry often focused on both loss and healing. On the death of [[Abraham Lincoln]], whom [[Walt Whitman and Abraham Lincoln|Whitman greatly admired]], he wrote his well known poems, "[[O Captain! My Captain!]]" and "[[When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd]]", and [[Walt Whitman's lectures on Abraham Lincoln|gave a series of lectures]]. After a stroke towards the end of his life, Whitman moved to [[Camden, New Jersey]], where his health further declined. When he died at the age of 72, his funeral was a public event.<ref name=Loving480/><ref name=Reynolds589>Reynolds, 589.</ref>
 
Whitman's influence on poetry remains strong. [[Mary Berenson|Mary Whitall Smith Costelloe]] argued: "You cannot really understand America without Walt Whitman, without ''Leaves of Grass'' ... He has expressed that civilization, 'up to date,' as he would say, and no student of the philosophy of history can do without him."<ref name="Reynolds, 4">Reynolds, 4.</ref> [[Modernism|Modernist]] poet [[Ezra Pound]] called Whitman "America's poet ... He ''is'' America."<ref name="ReferenceA">Pound, Ezra. "Walt Whitman", ''Whitman'', Roy Harvey Pearce, ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1962: 8.</ref>
 
==Биографија==
Линија 56 ⟶ 62:
 
== Референце ==
{{reflist|30em}}refs=
<ref name=Reynolds314>Reynolds, 314.</ref>
<ref name=Loving480>Loving, 480.</ref>
}}
 
== Литература ==
Линија 63 ⟶ 72:
* {{Cite book| ref=harv|last=Kaplan|first=Justin|title=Walt Whitman: A Life|publisher=Harper Perennial Modern Classics|year=2003|pages=287}}
* {{Cite book| ref=harv|last=Пурешић|first=Драган|title=Изабрана поезија - Волт Витман|publisher=Итака Београд|year=2005|pages=156}}
* [[Philip Callow|Callow, Philip]]. ''From Noon to Starry Night: A Life of Walt Whitman''. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1992. {{ISBN|0-929587-95-2}}
* [[Jerome Loving|Loving, Jerome]]. ''Walt Whitman: The Song of Himself''. [[University of California Press]], 1999. {{ISBN|0-520-22687-9}}
* [[James E. Miller|Miller, James E.]] ''Walt Whitman''. New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc. 1962
* [[David S. Reynolds|Reynolds, David S.]] ''Walt Whitman's America: A Cultural Biography''. New York: [[Vintage Books]], 1995. {{ISBN|0-679-76709-6}}
* Stacy, Jason. ''Walt Whitman's Multitudes: Labor Reform and Persona in Whitman's Journalism and the First 'Leaves of Grass', 1840–1855''. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, 2008. {{ISBN|978-1-4331-0383-4}}
 
{{refend}}
 
== Спољашње везе ==
{{портал|Биографија|Књижевност}}▼
{{commonscat|Walt Whitman}}
{{external media| float = right| video1 = [https://www.c-span.org/video/?71073-1/walt-whitmans-america ''Booknotes'' interview with Reynolds on ''Walt Whitman's America: A Cultural Biography'', April 28, 1996], [[C-SPAN]]}}
 
{{refbegin|30em}}
=== Архиви ===
 
* [https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_4079623 Walt Whitman papers at Columbia University. Rare Book & Manuscript Library.]
* [https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_4079471 Walt Whitman documents at Columbia University. Rare Book & Manuscript Library.]
* [https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/scrc/findingaids/view.php?eadid=ICU.SPCL.MS263 Walt Whitman, "The Bible as Poetry"]. Manuscript 1883 at the [https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/scrc/ University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center].
* [https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/scrc/findingaids/view.php?eadid=ICU.SPCL.WHITMANW Walt Whitman collection 1884–1892] at the [https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/scrc/ University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center.]
* [[hdl:10079/fa/beinecke.whitman|Walt Whitman collection]]. Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
* [http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/d/ead/upenn_rbml_MsColl190 Walt Whitman collection, Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts, University of Pennsylvania.]
* [http://guides.lib.byu.edu/speccoll/whitman Walt Whitman collection] at [https://sites.lib.byu.edu/sc/ L. Tom Perry Special Collections], Brigham Young University.
* [http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/d/pacscl/WWCC_MsColl66 "The Untimeliness of the Walt Whitman Exhibition at the New York Public Library: An Open Letter to Trustees," by Charles F. Heartman], at the [https://www.waygay.org/archives John J. Wilcox, Jr. LGBT Archives, William Way LGBT Community Center.]
* [https://library.udel.edu/static/purl.php?mss0099_0819 Horace Traubel collection of Walt Whitman papers] at [https://library.udel.edu/special/ Special Collections, University of Delaware Library, Museums and Press.]
* [https://archives.nypl.org/brg/186048 Susan Jaffe Tane collection of Walt Whitman, 1842-2012], held by the Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature, [[New York Public Library]].
 
=== Изложбе ===
 
* [https://exhibitions.lib.udel.edu/whitman/ Walt Whitman in His Time and Ours] at [https://library.udel.edu/special/ Special Collections, University of Delaware Library, Museums and Press], February 12 to June 14, 2019
* [https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/whitman/ Revising Himself: Walt Whitman and Leaves of Grass] at the [[Library of Congress]], [https://www.loc.gov/item/prn-05-080/ "Exhibition Celebrates 150 Years of Walt Whitman's 'Leaves of Grass{{'"}}], May 16 to December 3, 2005
* [https://www.library.upenn.edu/about/exhibits-events/whitman-vignettes Whitman Vignettes: Camden and Philadelphia] at [https://www.library.upenn.edu/kislak Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts], University of Pennsylvania, May 28 to August 23, 2019
* [https://www.themorgan.org/exhibitions/walt-whitman Walt Whitman Bard of Democracy] at the [[Morgan Library & Museum|Morgan Library and Museum]], June 7 to September 15, 2019
* [https://www.nypl.org/press/press-release/march-14-2019/new-york-public-library-honors-bicentennial-walt-whitmans-birth Walt Whitman: America’s Poet] at the [[New York Public Library]], March 29 to August 30, 2019
* [https://www.grolierclub.org/default.aspx?p=v35ListDocument&NoModResize=1&NoNav=1&ShowFooter=False&nw=1&listname=&listitemid=150508&ID=756962318 Poet of the Body: New York’s Walt Whitman] at the [[Grolier Club]], May 15 to July 27, 2019
 
=== Историјске локације ===
 
* [http://www.waltwhitman.org/ Walt Whitman Birthplace State Historic Site]
* [http://www.state.nj.us/dep/parksandforests/historic/whitman/index.html Walt Whitman Camden Home Historic Site]
 
=== Друге спољашње везе ===
 
* [http://www.gay-serbia.com/queer/whitman-walt/index.jsp?aid=655 Волт Витман — биографија и одабране песме]
* {{Curlie|Arts/Literature/World_Literature/American/19th_Century/Whitman%2C_Walt/}}
* [https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/whitman/ Walt Whitman: Online Resources at the Library of Congress.]
* [http://www.whitmanarchive.org/ The Walt Whitman Archive] includes all editions of ''Leaves of Grass'' in page-images and transcription, as well as manuscripts, criticism, and biography.
* [https://www.poets.org/poetsorg/poet/walt-whitman Walt Whitman: Profile, Poems, Essays] at Poets.org.
* [https://archive.today/20140225182839/http://eagle.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/Default/Skins/BEagle/Client.asp?Skin=BEagle&AW=1393351193140&AppName=2&GZ=T ''Brooklyn Daily Eagle'' Online]. Brooklyn Public Library.
* {{Gutenberg author | id=600}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Walt Whitman}}
* {{Librivox author |id=588}}
* {{Find a Grave|1098}}
* Johnson, John A., and Lloyd D. Worley. [http://www.personal.psu.edu/~j5j/papers/Poetry1987.pdf "Criminals' Responses to Religious Themes in Whitman's Poetry"] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010942/http://www.personal.psu.edu/~j5j/papers/Poetry1987.pdf Archive]). In J. M. Day and W. S. Laufer (eds), ''Crime, Values, and Religion'', [[Norwood, NJ]]: [[Ablex]], 1987, 133–51.
{{refend}}
 
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Витман, Волт}}
Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Волт_Витман”