Арнолд Шенберг

Арнолд Шенберг (нем. Arnold Schönberg; Беч, 13. септембар 1874 — Лос Анђелес, 13. јул 1951) био је аустријски композитор, теоретичар музике, професор, сликар и писац јеврејског порекла. Арнолд Шенберг је рођен у јеврејској породици ниже средње класе, у Леополдштат округу у Бечу. Његов отац Самуило, родом из Братиславе био је трговац. Иако је његова мајка Паулин, родом из Прага, била учитељица клавира, Арнолд је био углавном самоук. Он је само узимао часове из контрапункта од композитора Александра фон Землинског.Од 1933. живео је у САД. Своје презиме записивао је нем. Schönberg све до селидбе у Сједињене Америчке Државе када се демонстративно вратио јеврејској вери и почео користити име енгл. Schoenberg, „из поштовања према америчкој пракси“. Његови први радови представљају наставак традиције супротстављених немачких романтичарских стилова Брамса и Вагнера, док касније почиње да уводи све више атоналност у виду додекафонске технике компоновања која подразумева употребу тонских низова.

Арнолд Шенберг
Шенберг у Лос Анђелесу 1948.
Лични подаци
Датум рођења	(1874-09-13)13. септембар 1874.
Место рођења	Беч, Аустроугарска
Датум смрти	13. јул 1951.(1951-07-13) (76 год.)
Место смрти	Лос Анђелес, САД

Био је близак експресионистичком покрету у немачкој поезији и уметности, и вођа Друге бечке школе у музици. У музику је увео естетику атоналности и хроматску лествицу са 12 степени (додекафонија). Увео је израз „развојна варијација“, а био је и први модерни композитор који је увео развој мотива без обазирања на доминацију једне музичке теме. Многи његови поступци, укључујући формализацију композиционе методе, као и отворено позивање публике на аналитичко размишљање, одјекују у авангардној музичкој пракси кроз цели 20-ти век.

Шенберг је био важан музички теоретичар и утицајни професор композиције, а његови ученици били су Албан Берг, Антон Веберн, Ханс Аислер, Егон Велесц, а касније Џон Кејџ, Лу Харисон, Ерл Ким, Леон Киршнер, и други истакнути музичари.

Списак дела

Главни чланак: Списак композиција Арнолда Шенберга

Литература

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• Schoenberg, E. Randol. 2018. Doctor Faustus Dossier, The: Arnold Schoenberg, Thomas Mann and Their Contemporaries, 1930–1951. ISBN 978-0-520-29683-1 University of California Press.
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• Strimple, Nick. 2005. Choral Music in the Twentieth Century. Portland, Oregon & Cambridge, UK: Amadeus. ISBN 978-1-57467-122-3
• Stuckenschmidt, Hans Heinz. 1977. Schoenberg: His Life, World and Work, translated from the German by Humphrey Searle. New York: Schirmer Books.
• Taruskin, Richard. 2004. The Poietic Fallacy. New York: The Musical Times no. 1885(Reissued in The Danger of Music and Other Anti-Utopian Essays. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2007, pp. 301–329. ISBN 978-0-520-94279-0).
• UCLA Department of Music. 2008. "Facilities and Maintenance" (accessed 1 December 2008).
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• Adorno, Theodor. 1967. Prisms, translated from the German by Samuel and Shierry Weber London: Spearman; Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
• Anon. 2002. "Arnold Schönberg and His God". Vienna: Arnold Schönberg Center (accessed 1 December 2008).
• Anon. 1997–2013. "'Degenerate' Music". In A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust. The Florida Center for Instructional Technology, College of Education, University of South Florida (accessed 16 June 2014).
• Auner, Joseph. 1993. A Schoenberg Reader. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-09540-1
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• Boulez, Pierre. 1991. "Schoenberg is Dead" (1952). In his Stocktakings from an Apprenticeship, collected and presented by Paule Thévenin, translated by Stephen Walsh, with an introduction by Robert Piencikowski, 209–14. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-311210-0
• Brand, Julianne, Christopher Hailey, and Donald Harris (editors). 1987. The Berg-Schoenberg Correspondence: Selected Letters. New York, London: W. W. Norton and Company. ISBN 978-0-393-01919-3
• Buhle, Paul, and David Wagner. 2002. Radical Hollywood: The Untold Story Behind America's Favorite Movies. New York: The New Press. ISBN 978-1-56584-819-1
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• Byron, Avior. 2006. "The Test Pressings of Schoenberg Conducting Pierrot lunaire: Sprechstimme Reconsidered". Music Theory Online 12, no. 1 (February).
• Cohen, Mitchell, "A Dissonant Schoenberg in Berlin and Paris," "Jewish Review of Books," April 2016.
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Спољашње везе

• Арнолд Шенберг на сајту Енциклопедија Британика
• Arnold Schoenberg Center in Vienna
• Complete Schoenberg Discography & List of Works
• Texts of vocal works by Schoenberg with translations in various languages at The LiederNet Archive.
• "How Arnold Schoenberg Became Lonely: Imagination versus Reality", Sabine Feisst
• Арнолд Шенберг (бесплатне песме за субјекат) на сајту IMSLP (језик: енглески)
• „Schoenberg material”. BBC Radio 3 archives. 
• Archival records: Arnold Schoenberg collection, 1900–1951, Library of Congress

Снимци Шенгерга

• Recordings at archive.org
• Video and audio Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (27. мај 2011), Israel Studies in Musicology, vol. 5, issue 1 (2006), Bar-Ilan University