Katepsin

Dostupne proteinske strukture:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Katepsin
Katepsin
	Struktura katepsina K
Identifikatori
Simbol	CTP
Pfam	PF00112
Pfam klan	CL0125
InterPro	IPR000668
SMART	Pept_C1
PROSITE	PDOC00126
MEROPS	C1
SCOP	1aec
SUPERFAMILY	1aec
Pfam
Dostupne proteinske strukture:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Katepsini (grč. kata = dole + hepsein = vri; skr. CTS) su proteazni (enzimi koji razgrađuju proteine), nađeni kod svih životinja, kao i ostalih organizama.

Postoji oko desetak članova ove porodice, koji se izdvajaju po svojoj strukturi, katalitičkom mehanizmu i proteinskim suptratima. Većina članova koji postaju aktivni na niskom pH nađena je u lizosomima. Aktivnost enzima ove porodice se odvija gotovo u potpunosti unutar tih organela. Postoje, međutim, izuzeci kao što je katepsin K, koji deluje vanćelijski, nakon lučenja osteoklasta u resorpciji kosti.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Katepsin S ima ključnu ulogu u ćelijskom prometu sisara, npr. u resorpciji kostiju. Oni degradiraju polipeptide i odlikuju se specifičnošću za odgovarajuće supstrate.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

Klasifikacija

Katepsin A (Serinska proteaza)
Katepsin B (cisteinska proteaza)
Katepsin C (cisteinska proteaza)
Katepsin D (aspartilna proteaza)
Katepsin E (aspartilna proteaza)
Katepsin F (cisteinska proteaza)
Katepsin G (serinska proteaza)
Katepsin H (cisteinska proteaza)
Katepsin K (cisteinska proteaza)
Katepsin L (cisteinska proteaza)
Katepsin L1 (cistein proteaza)
Katepsin L2 (ili V) (cisteinska proteaza)
Katepsin O (cisteinska proteaza)
Katepsin S (cisteinska proteaza)
Katepsin W (cisteinska proteaza)
Katepsin Z (ili X) (cisteinska proteaza)

Klinički značaj

Katepsini uzimaju učešća u više bolesnih stanja i poremećaja, kao što su:

Kancer^[8]
Moždani udar^[9]
Alzheimerova bolest^[10]
Artritis^[11]
Ebola, katepsin B i prenisko prisustvo katepsina L su neophodni za ulaz virusa u ćelije domaćina.^[12]

Hronična opstruktivna bolest pluća;
Hronični periodontitis;
Pankreatitis;
Nekoliko očnih poremećaja: keratokonus, ablacija mrežnjače, senilna makularna degeneracija i glaukom.^[13]

Vidi još

Reference

^ Cornish-Bowden A. (2004): Fundamentals of enzyme kinetics, 3rd Ed. Portland Press. ISBN 9781855781580; ISBN 1855781581.
^ Međedović S., Maslić E., Hadžiselimović R. (2000): Biologija 2. Svjetlost, Sarajevo, ISBN 9958-10-222-6.
^ Bajrović K, Jevrić-Čaušević A., Hadžiselimović R., Ed. (2005): Uvod u genetičko inženjerstvo i biotehnologiju. Institut za genetičko inženjerstvo i biotehnologiju (INGEB), Sarajevo, ISBN 9958-9344-1-8.
^ Palmer T., Bonner P. L. (2007): Enzymes: Biochemistry, biotechnology, clinical hemistry. Woodhead Publishing, ISBN: 978-1-904275-27-5.
^ Bugg T. (1997): An introduction to enzyme and coenzyme chemistry. Blackwell Science, Oxford, ISBN 0-86542-793-3.
^ Alberts B. (2002)ː Molecular biology of the cell Garland Science, New York, ISBN 0-8153-3218-1.
^ Voet D., Voet J. (1995): Biochemistry, 2nd Ed. Wiley, http://www.wiley.com/college/math/chem/cg/sales/voet.html.
^ Nomura T, Katunuma N (2005). „Involvement of cathepsins in the invasion, metastasis and proliferation of cancer cells” (PDF). J. Med. Invest. 52 (1–2): 1—9. PMID 15751268. doi:10.2152/jmi.52.1.
^ Lipton P (1999). „Ischemic cell death in brain neurons”. Physiol. Rev. 79 (4): 1431—568. PMID 10508238.
^ Yamashima T (2013). „Reconsider Alzheimer's disease by the 'calpain-cathepsin hypothesis'--a perspective review”. PROGRESS IN NEUROLOGY. 105: 1—23. PMID 23499711. doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.02.004.
^ Raptis SZ, Shapiro SD, Simmons PM, Cheng AM, Pham CT (2005). „Serine protease cathepsin G regulates adhesion-dependent neutrophil effector functions by modulating integrin clustering”. Immunity. 22 (6): 679—91. PMID 15963783. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.03.015.
^ Chandran K (2005). „Endosomal Proteolysis of the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Is Necessary for Infection”. Science. 308: 1643—1645. PMID 15831716. doi:10.1126/science.1110656.
^ Im E, Kazlauskas A (2007). „The role of cathepsins in ocular physiology and pathology”. Exp. Eye Res. 84 (3): 383—8. PMID 16893541. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2006.05.017.

Spoljašnje veze

The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: A01.010^{[мртва веза]}
Cathepsins на US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

[1] Cornish-Bowden A. (2004): Fundamentals of enzyme kinetics, 3rd Ed. Portland Press. ISBN 9781855781580; ISBN 1855781581.

[2] Međedović S., Maslić E., Hadžiselimović R. (2000): Biologija 2. Svjetlost, Sarajevo, ISBN 9958-10-222-6.

[3] Bajrović K, Jevrić-Čaušević A., Hadžiselimović R., Ed. (2005): Uvod u genetičko inženjerstvo i biotehnologiju. Institut za genetičko inženjerstvo i biotehnologiju (INGEB), Sarajevo, ISBN 9958-9344-1-8.

[4] Palmer T., Bonner P. L. (2007): Enzymes: Biochemistry, biotechnology, clinical hemistry. Woodhead Publishing, ISBN: 978-1-904275-27-5.

[5] Bugg T. (1997): An introduction to enzyme and coenzyme chemistry. Blackwell Science, Oxford, ISBN 0-86542-793-3.

[6] Alberts B. (2002)ː Molecular biology of the cell Garland Science, New York, ISBN 0-8153-3218-1.

[7] Voet D., Voet J. (1995): Biochemistry, 2nd Ed. Wiley, http://www.wiley.com/college/math/chem/cg/sales/voet.html.

[pmid15751268-8] Nomura T, Katunuma N (2005). „Involvement of cathepsins in the invasion, metastasis and proliferation of cancer cells” (PDF). J. Med. Invest. 52 (1–2): 1—9. PMID 15751268. doi:10.2152/jmi.52.1.

[pmid10508238-9] Lipton P (1999). „Ischemic cell death in brain neurons”. Physiol. Rev. 79 (4): 1431—568. PMID 10508238.

[10] Yamashima T (2013). „Reconsider Alzheimer's disease by the 'calpain-cathepsin hypothesis'--a perspective review”. PROGRESS IN NEUROLOGY. 105: 1—23. PMID 23499711. doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.02.004.

[pmid15963783-11] Raptis SZ, Shapiro SD, Simmons PM, Cheng AM, Pham CT (2005). „Serine protease cathepsin G regulates adhesion-dependent neutrophil effector functions by modulating integrin clustering”. Immunity. 22 (6): 679—91. PMID 15963783. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.03.015.

[12] Chandran K (2005). „Endosomal Proteolysis of the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Is Necessary for Infection”. Science. 308: 1643—1645. PMID 15831716. doi:10.1126/science.1110656.

[13] Im E, Kazlauskas A (2007). „The role of cathepsins in ocular physiology and pathology”. Exp. Eye Res. 84 (3): 383—8. PMID 16893541. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2006.05.017.

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