Južna riba (sazvežđe)
Južna riba (lat. Piscis Austrinus) je jedno od 88 modernih i 48 originalnih Ptolemejevih sazvežđa. U drevnom Egiptu je smatrano da predstavlja ribu koja je spasila boginju Izidu. Povezuje se i sa sazvežđem Ribe, u smislu da Ribe predstavljaju potomstvo Južne ribe. Na slikama se često prikazuje kako pije vodu koja teče iz vrča Vodolije.
| Sazvežđe | |
 | |
| Latinsko ime | Piscis Austrinus |
|---|---|
| Skraćenica | PsA |
| Genitiv | Piscis Austrini |
| Simbolizuje | ribu koja je spasila egipatsku boginju Izidu |
| Rektascenzija | 22 |
| Deklinacija | -30 |
| Površina | 245 sq. deg. (60) |
| Najsjajnija zvezda | Alfa Južne ribe (1,16m) |
| Meteorski rojevi | Piscis austrinidi |
| Susedna sazvežđa | |
| Vidljivo u rasponu +55° i −90°. U najboljem položaju za posmatranje u 21:00 čas u oktobru. | |
Ovom sazvežđu su pripadale i zvezde koje je holandski astronom Petar Plancije u 16. veku izdvojio u sazvežđa Ždral i Mikroskop.
Poreklo naziva uredi
Naziv Južna riba potiče iz vavilonskog sazvežđa jednostavno poznatog kao Riba (MUL.KU).[1][2] Profesor astronomije Bradli Šefer je predložio da su drevni posmatrači mogli da vide ovo sazvežđe južnije kao Mi Južna Riba da bi definisali obrazac koji je izgledao kao riba.[3] Zajedno sa orlom Akvilom, vranom Korvusom i vodenom zmijom Hidrom, Južna riba je predstavljena starim Grcima oko 500. godine pre nove ere; sazvežđa su označavala letnji, odnosno zimski solsticij.[4]
Zvezde uredi
Najsjajnija zvezda ovog sazvežđa je alfa Južne ribe (Fomalhaut, „usta kita“) — zvezda A klase sa glavnog niza. Sa magnitudom 1,16, Fomalhaut je 18. najsjajnija zvezda na nebu. Pripada Kastorovoj grupi zveda, zajedno sa Kastorom, Vegom i 13 drugih zvezda. U orbiti oko Fomalhauta se nalazi prva ekstrasolarna planeta snimljena u vizuelnom delu spektra. Nalazi se na 25 svetlosnih godina od Zemlje.
Na udaljenosti od jedne svetlosne godine od Fomalhauta i 24,9 svetlosnih godina od Sunca, nalazi se promenljiva zvezda TW Južne ribe koja takođe pripada Kastorovoj grupi zvezda a moguće je da je i gravitaciono povezana sa Fomalhautom.
Objekti dubokog neba uredi
U Južnoj ribi se od objekata dubokog neba nalaze samo različite, relativno slabe galaksije, uključujući spiralne galaksije NGC 7314, NGC 7172, NGC 7130 i NGC 7214.
Reference uredi
- ^ „Verities 4: Meta-Genetics”. Ancestral Memories. Arhivirano iz originala 2017-12-12. g. Pristupljeno 2017-12-12.
- ^ Christoforou, Peter. „Star Constellation Facts: Piscis Austrinus”. Astronomy Trek. Pristupljeno 5. 4. 2018.
- ^ Schaefer, Bradley E. (2002). „The latitude and epoch for the formation of the southern Greek constellations”. Journal for the History of Astronomy. 33, part 4 (113): 313—50. Bibcode:2002JHA....33..313S. ISSN 0021-8286. S2CID 122459258. doi:10.1177/002182860203300401.
- ^ Frank, Roslyn M. (2015). „10: Origins of the "Western" Constellations”. Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy. New York City: Springer. str. 147—163. Bibcode:2015hae..book.....R.
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Spoljašnje veze uredi
Vikimedijina Ostava ima datoteke za članak:
