Džuče ideja
Džuče ideja (korej. 주체사상)[1] je zvanična državna ideologija Severne Koreje, ali i celokupan politički sistem te države.[2] Tvorac ideje je Kim Il Sung (1912—1994).[3] Srž same ideje je da je ”čovek gospodar svega, i odlučuje o svemu”.[4][5][6] Zvanično je uvedena 1972. godine kao zamena za marksizam-lenjinizam, a sledbenici je smatraju višom, razvijenom formom socijalizma.
Praktična primena uredi
Prema Kim Džong Ilovom delu O Džuče ideji, primena Džučea u državnoj politici podrazumeva sledeće:
- Narodu se mora obezbediti sloboda političkog mišljenja, te oslanjanje na sopstvene potencijale u ekonomiji, ali i politici oružanih snaga (što se može smatrati težnjom ka blokovskoj nesvrstanosti).
- Ovakva politika mora nadahnuti narodne mase što bi stvorilo punu zaposlenost u revoluciji i obnovi.
- Metodi revolucije i obnove moraju biti prilagođeni situaciji u zemlji, i
- najvažniji proces u toj revoluciji treba da bude oblikovanje ljudi kao zrelih komunista spremnih na akciju u izgradnji zemlje.
Religijske odlike uredi
Kim il Sung je proklamacijom Džuče ideje želeo da narodu stvori adekvatnu zamenu za religiju, tj. da ukloni metafizičke aspekte religije kao društvenog fenomena, ali su i opet pridodate i neke sličnosti: godina rođenja Kim Il Sunga je, nekoliko godina posle njegove smrti uzeta za početnu godinu novog Džuče kalendara; statue Kim Il Sunga postoje u svim naseljima u Severnoj Koreji, njegove i slika Kim Džong Ila su obavezne na zidovima svih stanova, kancelarija, fabričkih hala, u vozovima, autobusima i putničkim avionima, a bedževe sa njihovim likovima moraju nositi svi građani dok su na javnim mestima. Džuče toranj, Velika bronzana statua Kim Il Sunga sa ispruženom rukom, te njegova rodna kuća i mauzolej (sve u Pjongjangu) su glavna mesta hodočašća za severnokorejski narod, ali i za malobrojne pristalice Džuče ideje širom sveta.
Reference uredi
- ^ Myers 2015, str. 11.
- ^ Myers 2015, str. 12.
- ^ Myers 2015, str. 13.
- ^ Cumings 1997, str. 207, 403–04.
- ^ Abt 2014, str. 73–74.
- ^ Robinson 2007, str. 159.
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