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Pravnik

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Pravnik, takođe poznat kao pravni naučnik ili pravni teoretičar, je neko ko istražuje i proučava sudsku praksu (teoriju prava).[1] Takva osoba može biti akademik, pravni pisar ili profesor prava. Pravnik je neko ko studira, analizira i raspravlja o zakonu, suprotnost je advokatu, osobi koja primenjuje zakon u korist klijenta i misli o tome u praktičnom smislu.[2][3] Ova osoba je obično specijalista za pravo, uglavnom (ali ne uvek) sa formalnom kvalifikacijom iz prava i često pravni praktičar. U Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu termin „pravnik“ se uglavnom koristi za pravne akademike, dok se u Sjedinjenim Državama termin može primeniti i na sudiju.[4] Što se tiče rimskog prava,[5][6][7] „jurist“ (na engleskom) je pravnik (iurisconsultus).[8]

Detalj sa sarkofaga rimskog pravnika Valerija Petronijana (315–320)

Engleski termin jurist treba razlikovati od sličnih termina u drugim evropskim jezicima, gde može biti sinonim za pravnog profesionalca, što znači svako ko ima diplomu iz struke prava koji se kvalifikuje za prijem u pravnu profesiju, uključujući pozicije kao što su sudija ili advokat. U Nemačkoj, Skandinaviji i nizu drugih zemalja pravnik označava nekoga ko ima diplomu pravnika, a to može biti i zaštićeno zvanje, na primer u Norveškoj.[9][10] Stoga se ovaj termin može primeniti na advokate, sudije i akademike, pod uslovom da imaju kvalifikovanu diplomu profesionalnog prava.[11] U Nemačkoj se termin „potpuni pravnik“ ponekad neformalno koristi da označi nekoga ko je završio dva državna ispita iz prava koji ga kvalifikuju za bavljenje pravom, da bi se razlikovalo od nekoga ko može imati samo prvi državni ispit ili neki drugi oblik pravne kvalifikacije koji ne ispunjava uslove za bavljenje advokaturom.

Značajni pravnici uredi

Glavni članak: Spisak pravnka

Neki istorijski značajnih pravnika su:

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Reference uredi

  1. ^ „Jurist”. Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition on CD-ROM. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2009. 
  2. ^ Piergiovanni, Vieto (2000). Comparative studies in continental and Anglo-American legal history. Germany: Duncker & Humblot. str. 236. ISBN 978-3-428-09756-2. 
  3. ^ Cusack, Warren (2015). Literature and the Law of Nations. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-871934-2. 
  4. ^ Garner, Bryan A., ur. (2019). „Jurist”. Black's Law Dictionary (11 izd.). St. Paul, Minn.: West. 
  5. ^ "A Short History of Roman Law", Olga Tellegen-Couperus pp. 19–20.
  6. ^ Berger, Adolf (1953). Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law. The American Journal of Philology. 76. str. 90—93. ISBN 9780871694324. JSTOR 291711. S2CID 162540731. doi:10.2307/297597. 
  7. ^ Jolowicz, Herbert Felix; Nicholas, Barry (1967). Historical Introduction to the Study of Roman Law. Cambridge University Press. str. 528. ISBN 9780521082532. 
  8. ^ „Definition of Jurisconsult”. www.merriam-webster.com (na jeziku: engleski). 
  9. ^ Myhre, Jan Eivind (2008). „Academics as the ruling elite in 19th century Norway” (PDF). Historical Social Research. 33 (2): 21—41. 
  10. ^ John Peter Collett: Historien om Universitetet i Oslo, Universitetsforlaget 1999
  11. ^ „jurist”. Store Norske Leksikon. 8. 7. 2022. Pristupljeno 1. 8. 2022. 
  12. ^ „Hash-hamer Cylinder seal of Ur-Nammu”. British Museum. 
  13. ^ Enderwitz, Susanne; Sauer, Rebecca (2015). Communication and Materiality: Written and Unwritten Communication in Pre-Modern Societies (na jeziku: engleski). Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. str. 28. ISBN 978-3-11-041300-7. 
  14. ^ Burn, A.R. (1982). The Pelican History of Greece. London: Penguin. str. 116–117. 
  15. ^ Bury, J.B.; Meiggs, Russell (1956). A History of Greece to the death of Alexander the Great (3 izd.). London: Macmillan. str. 135—136. 
  16. ^ Talbert, Richard (1988). Plutarch on Sparta. London: Penguin Classics. str. 8-28. ISBN 0-14-044463-7. 
  17. ^ „Solon”, Encyclopædia Britannica, Pristupljeno 13. 4. 2019 
  18. ^ Aristotle Politics 1273b 35–1274a 21
  19. ^ Stanton, G. R. Athenian Politics c. 800–500 BC: A Sourcebook, Routledge, London (1990), p. 76.
  20. ^ Andrews, A. Greek Society (Penguin 1967) 197
  21. ^ E. Harris, A New Solution to the Riddle of the Seisachtheia, in The Development of the Polis in Archaic Greece, eds. L. Mitchell and P. Rhodes (Routledge 1997) 103
  22. ^ „Attention BJP: When the Muslim League rescued Ambedkar from the 'dustbin of history'”. Firstpost. 15. 4. 2015. Arhivirano iz originala 20. 9. 2015. g. Pristupljeno 5. 9. 2015. 
  23. ^ „संविधान सभा”. Rajyasabhahindi.nic.in. Pristupljeno 2022-02-04. 
  24. ^ Khairmode, Changdev Bhawanrao (1985). Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Vol. 7) (na jeziku: marati). Mumbai: Maharashtra Rajya Sahilya Sanskruti Mandal, Matralaya. str. 273. 
  25. ^ „13A. Dr. Ambedkar in the Bombay Legislature Part I”. Arhivirano iz originala 2. 3. 2019. g. Pristupljeno 21. 9. 2019. 
  26. ^ „*in the 1920's*: How to Organize the Downtrodden?”. Columbia University. Arhivirano iz originala 17. 12. 2018. g. 
  27. ^ Rawson, E.: Cicero, a portrait (1975) p. 303
  28. ^ Haskell, Henry Joseph (1964). This was Cicero (na jeziku: engleski). Fawcett Publications Incorporated. str. 300—301. 
  29. ^ Harrison, Stephen (2008). A Companion to Latin Literature. John Wiley & Sons. str. 31. ISBN 978-1405137379. 
  30. ^ Merriam-Webster, Inc (1995). „Ciceronian period”. Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature. Merriam-Webster. str. 244. ISBN 978-0877790426. Pristupljeno 27. 8. 2013. 
  31. ^ Tamer, Georges (1. 2. 2011). „Averroism”. Encyclopaedia of Islam (na jeziku: engleski). 3. „Averroism is a philosophical movement named after the sixth/twelfth-century Andalusian philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes, d. 595/1198), which began in the thirteenth century among masters of arts at the University of Paris and continued through the seventeenth century.” 
  32. ^ Campo, Juan Eduardo (2009). „Averroes”. Encyclopedia of Islam. Infobase Publishing. str. 337. 
  33. ^ Stone, Caroline (2003). „Doctor, Philosopher, Renaissance Man”. Saudi Aramco World. Pristupljeno 9. 4. 2020. 
  34. ^ Gill, John (2009). Andalucía : a cultural history. Oxford: Oxford University Press. str. 108–110. ISBN 978-0-19-537610-4. 
  35. ^ „John Paull II, Apostolic Letter, Inter Munera Academiarum (28 January 1999), no. 4”. 
  36. ^ „Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on the De Trinitate of Boethius, quest. 2, art. 3”. Arhivirano iz originala 18. 9. 2021. g. Pristupljeno 22. 2. 2021. 
  37. ^ Klein, Jürgen (2012), „Francis Bacon”, Ur.: Zalta, Edward N., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2016 izd.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, Pristupljeno 17. 1. 2020 
  38. ^ „Empiricism: The influence of Francis Bacon, John Locke, and David Hume”. Sweet Briar College. Arhivirano iz originala 8. 7. 2013. g. Pristupljeno 21. 10. 2013. 

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Spoljašnje veze uredi

  •   Mediji vezani za članak Pravnik na Vikimedijinoj ostavi
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