Herkul (sazvežđe)
Herkul je sazvežđe koje je dobilo ime po junaku Herkulu iz rimske mitologije, koji je preuzet i adaptiran iz grčke mitologije. Herkul je bilo jedno od 48 sazvežđa navedenih na Ptolomejevoj listi iz drugog veka i ostalo je i danas među 88 modernih sazvežđa. Danas je peto sazvežđe po veličini.
| Sazvežđe | |
 | |
| Latinsko ime | Hercules |
|---|---|
| Skraćenica | Her |
| Genitiv | Herculis[1] |
| Simbolizuje | Herkul |
| Rektascenzija | 17 |
| Deklinacija | +30 |
| Površina | 1225 sq. deg. (5) |
| Najsjajnija zvezda | β Her (2,78m) |
| Meteorski rojevi | |
| Susedna sazvežđa | |
| Vidljivo u rasponu +90° i −50°. U najboljem položaju za posmatranje u 21:00 čas u julu. | |
Zvezde uredi
Herkul je sazvežđe koje ne sadrži mnogo svetlih zvezda, prividno gledajući sa Zemlje, ali opet, vrlo je lako uočljiv po blagoj, trapezoidnoj osnovi (u kojoj se nalazi i M13) i po krakovima koji izlaze iz tačaka te osnove. Sadrži oko 140 zvezda koje su vidljive golim okom pri idealnim atmosferskim uslovima.
Glavna zvezda u Herkulu je Alfa Her, poznatija kao Ras Algeti, što na arapskom znači Herkulova glava. Ova zvezda je višestruki sistem koji je udaljen od nas 1629,9 svetlosnih godina.
Objekti dubokog neba uredi
Herkul sadrži dva svetla globularna jata: M13, najsvetlije globularno jato severne hemisfere i M92.
Globularno jato M13, vidljivo golim okom, sadrži preko 300,000 zvezda i udaljeno je 25,200 svetlosnih godina od Zemlje. Otkrio ga je Edmund Halej 1714. godine.
M92 je najstarije otkriveno globularno jato sa 14 milijardi godina. Udaljeno je 26,000 svetlosnih godine od Zemlje. Otkrio ga je Elert Bode 1777. godine.
Reference uredi
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