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Корисник:Nikolanrt6315/песак

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BSA A65 café racer at the Ace Café
Triton café racer with a Triumph engine in a Norton Featherbed frame

A café racer (/ˈkæf reɪsər/ KAF-_-RAY-sər, или чешће коришћен термин /ˈkæfeɪˌreɪsər/ kaf-AY-_-RAY-sər) је лаки, lightly powered мотоцикл прилагођен за брзину и управљање чешће него за комфорност – и за бржу вожњу на мањим дистанцама.[1][није у датом извору][2] Са својим изгледом и распоредом управљачких делова recalling раних-1960их Grand Prix road racing motorcycles, café racers су примећени због свог минималистичног изгледа,their visual minimalism, featuring low-mounted handlebars, prominent seat cowling and elongated fuel tank – и честим удубљењима за колено који су knee-grips indented in the fuel tank.


Café racer порекло уреди

Термин је настао међу британским ентузијастима мотоцикала почетком 1960-их из Вотфорда и Лондона, нарочито у "The Rocker" или "Ton-Up-Boy" субкултури, где су мотоцикли коришћени за кратке, брзе вожње између кафића, у Вотфорду Busy Bee café-a и Ace Café-a у Лондону. У после-ратној Британији, вланици аутомобила су и даље били реткост, али касних 1950-их, просечан Британац је могао да приушти себи ауто, тако да је почетком 1960-их значај Café racer био да долазак мотоцикала преставља брзину, статус и побуну, више него немогућност да се приушти ауто.

2014-те, новинар Бен Стјуарт je opisao café racer kao

In 2014, journalist Ben Stewart described the café racer as a "look made popular when European kids stripped down their small-displacement bikes to zip from one café hangout to another."[3] In 1973, American freelance writer Wallace Wyss, contributing to Popular Mechanics magazine, wrote that the term café racer was originally used derogatorily in Europe to describe a "motorcyclist who played at being an Isle of Man road racer" and was, in fact, "someone who owned a racy machine but merely parked it near his table at the local outdoor cafe."[4]

Конфигурација уреди

 
A 1962 AJS 7R 350cc race bike, with features often imitated by café racers
 
BSA Gold Star 500 café racer

Поред мале тежине, прерађеног мотора и каросерије минималистиног изгледа, café racer обично карактерише препознатљив ергономичан изглед. Dropped bars that are low, narrow handlebars (called "clip-ons")– enabled the rider to "tuck in", reducing wind resistance and improving control. Along with the rearward located seat, the posture often required rearsets, or rear-set footrests and foot controls, again typical of racing motorcycles of the era.[5] Distinctive half or full race-style fairings were sometimes mounted to the forks or frame.[4]

Mick Walker declared that the typical specification of an early café racer would be: swept-back pipes, low-mounted clip-on handlebars or 'Ace' bars, reverse cone megaphone mufflers, TT100 Dunlop tires, rear sets, and larger carburetors (often with inlet trumpet rather than air filters).[6].

The bikes featured minimalist styling, engines tuned for speed and responsive handling. A typical example was the "Triton", a homemade combination of a Triumph Bonneville engine in a Norton Featherbed frame.[5] A less common hybrid was the "Tribsa" which had a Triumph engine in a BSA duplex frame. Other hybrids café racers included the "NorVin" (a Vincent V-Twin engine in a Featherbed frame), and bikes with racing frames by Rickman or Seeley.

Развијање уреди

 
1960s Rockers outside Watford's Busy Bee Café..
 
1977 Harley-Davidson XLCR
 
Honda GB500 TT café racer

Изглед Café racer-а се развио у периоду њихове популарности. Средином 1970-их, Јапански мотоцикли су претекли Британске на тржишту, и изглед Гранд При тркачких мотора се променио. Ручно прављени, често неофарбани алуминијусмки резервоари 1960-их су прерасли у коцкасте, равне, резервоаре од фибергласа. Increasingly, three-cylinder Kawasaki two-strokes, four-cylinder four-stroke Kawasaki Z1, and four-cylinder Honda engines were the basis for café racer conversions. By 1977, a number of manufacturers had taken notice of the café racer boom and were producing factory café racers, such as the well-received Moto Guzzi Le Mans[7] and the Harley-Davidson XLCR.[8][9][10] A special version of the Honda XBR thumper with wire-spoked wheels, the Honda GB500 TT, sought to emulate BSA and Norton café racers of the 1960s.[11]

In the mid-1970s, riders continued to modify standard production motorcycles into so-called "café racers" by simply equipping them with clubman bars and a small fairing around the headlight. A number of European manufacturers, including Benelli, BMW, Bultaco and Derbi produced factory "café" variants of their standard motorcycles in this manner,[12] without any modifications made to make them faster or more powerful,[13] a trend that continues today.[14][15]

Савремени café racers модели уреди

Произвођачи су приметили Manufacturers have noticed that there is a lot of recent consumer in café racers.[16] While the original concept of a café racer was that they were owner-modified or "custom build", manufacturers realised the market appeal of the type, and produced ready-to-ride café racers. In 2004, Triumph produceed a turn-key retro motorcycle with their Thruxton. Another notable modern cafe racer is the Ducati SportClassic, made from 2006 till 2009.

Current stock café racers from motorcycle factories include:[17]

Subculture уреди

 
Suzuki S40 customised in a café racer style[18][19]

Rockers were a young and rebellious rock and roll subculture[20] who wanted a fast, personalised and distinctive bike to travel between transport cafés along the newly built arterial motorways in and around British towns and cities.[21][22][23] Biker lore has it that the goal of many was to be able to reach 100 mph (160 km/h)—called simply "the ton"—along such a route where the rider would leave from a café, race to a predetermined point and back to the café before a single song could play on the jukebox, called record-racing. However, author Mike Seate contends that record-racing is a myth, the story having originated in an episode of the BBC Dixon of Dock Green television show.[24] Café racers are remembered as being especially fond of rockabilly music and their image is now embedded in today's rockabilly culture.[25][26]

The Café Racer sub-culture has created a separate look and identity with modern café racers taking style elements from American Greasers, British Rockers, 70s bikers, and modern motorcycle riders to create a global style of their own.[3][27]

Повезано уреди

Референце уреди

  1. ^ The Listener. British Broadcasting Corporation. 85: 373. 1971. [није у датом извору]
  2. ^ James Adam Bolton (November—December 2010). „Moto Guzzi T3 Special”. Motorcycle Classics. Приступљено 11. 10. 2009.  Проверите вредност парамет(а)ра за датум: |date= (помоћ)
  3. ^ а б Stewart, Ben (20. 06. 2014). „You Should Build Your Own Retro Café Racer”. Popular Mechanics. Hearst Communication. Приступљено 25. 12. 2014. „Take a look around the hippest neighborhoods across the country and you'll see motorcycles that look like something out of an old Steve McQueen movie—retro, minimalist, and tough.” 
  4. ^ а б Wyss, Wally (септембар 1973). „How to fit a fairing and ride a racer!”. Popular Mechanics. св. 140 бр. 3. The Hearst Corporation. стр. 166. Приступљено 26. 12. 2014. „The American trend toward cafe racers caught most of the world's bikemakers by surprise and, at this writing, only Triumph has anything that approaches a cafe racer—a new model called the Hurricane that has a seat-molded-into-the-gas-tank one-piece unit designed by American fairing designer Craig Vetter.” 
  5. ^ а б Melling, Frank (26. 09. 2004). „Classic bikes: DIY Tritons”. Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. Приступљено 26. 12. 2014. „Originally, cost was a major influence. In 1965, a good engine from the ill-handling Triumph Tiger 110 cost £30. Another £30 bought a rough Norton Model 50 or ES2, which provided not only the frame but the gearbox, clutch, suspension and brakes.” 
  6. ^ "What Is a Cafe Racer?" - Mick Walker [1]
  7. ^ „The 50 Greatest Motorcycles of All Time”. Complex Magazine. New York: Complex Media. 28. 03. 2011. Приступљено 29. 12. 2014. „The sinister Le Mans was an immediate hit when launched in 1976.” 
  8. ^ Brown, Roland. „Harley-Davidson XLCR”. Motorcycle Classics. Приступљено 24. 08. 2009. „The Harley-Davidson XLCR was Willie G. Davidson's one and only brush with the cafe racer set, and it created a classic for all time” 
  9. ^ Lindsay, Brooke (5. 11. 2006). „Harley’s Sportster: From a Wild Child to a Grown-Up in 50 Years”. New York Times. Приступљено 29. 12. 2014. „As grim as those days were in terms of performance, it was an era that produced two of the Sportsters considered most unusual and sought-after by collectors, the 1977-78 XLCR Cafe Racer and the 1983-85 XR1000. Both of these racebike-inspired models were risky departures for Harley, and both originally languished unsold in showrooms long after production concluded.” 
  10. ^ Welsh, Jonathan (16. 03. 2012). „New Era for 'Hogs?' Harley-Davidson Styling Chief To Retire”. Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company. Driver’s Seat blog. Приступљено 29. 12. 2014. „His road-race-styled Café Racer built from 1977 to 1979 was a departure and a famous flop. However, the sleek bikes are now coveted by collectors.” 
  11. '^ Backus, Richard (2011). „Honda GB500 Under the Radar”. Motorcycle Classics. Ogden Publications (January/February). Приступљено 29. 12. 2014. „Ducati, Triumph, Guzzi and others have enjoyed considerable success with repli-bikes in recent years, so maybe the Honda was just 10 years ahead of its time. 'Simplicity and grace are never out of style,' wrote Peter Egan in Cycle World’s 1989 review of the GB500, 'and the GB is a simple, handsome bike.” 
  12. ^ Welsh, Jonathan (29. 03. 2010). „Moto Guzzi Cafe Classic: Retro, But Not Painfully So”. Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company. Driver’s Seat blog. Приступљено 29. 12. 2014. „The Cafe is based on the V7 Classic that came out about a year ago. The differences are cosmetic, but significant. The Cafe’s exhaust pipes are swept upwards and its it handlebars are low, “clip-on” style that give it the look of a vintage racer.” 
  13. ^ Welsh, Jonathan (3. 08. 2011). „Moto Guzzi V7 Racer: A Test Ride”. Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company. Driver’s Seat blog. Приступљено 29. 12. 2014. „Its low, compact shape, racy down-turned handlebars and spoke wheels give it the look of a vintage grand prix bike while jewel-like details from the engine to the foot pegs suggest a hand-built custom machine. But it is really a dressed up version of the Italian company’s earlier mass-market V7 Classic.” 
  14. ^ „Top 10 production café racers”. Visordown. Immediate Media Company Ltd. 18. 12. 2013. Приступљено 27. 12. 2014. „Café racers are an odd phenomenon. They’re popular enough to inspire endless shed-built specials and even dedicated websites, magazines and TV shows, but when it comes to strolling into a showroom and buying one, the options are surprisingly thin on the ground.” 
  15. ^ Plowright, Adam (23. 12. 2013). „Retro revival: Café racers are back!”. Independent Online. Cape Town: Independent Newspapers (Pty) Limited. Приступљено 27. 12. 2014. 
  16. ^ Adams, Bradley (7. 11. 2016). „Ducati Jumps Into The Café Racer Segment With Its New Scrambler Café Racer”. Cycle World. Приступљено 16. 01. 2017. 
  17. ^ Westendorp, Joeri (15. 10. 2015). „12 Best Modern Café Racer Bikes”. BikeBrewers. Приступљено 7. 08. 2017. 
  18. ^ „Ryca CS-1 cafe racer”, BikeEXIF, 13. 3. 2012 
  19. ^ „Ryca CS-1 – Suzuki S40 Cafe Conversion by Paul Crowe”, The Kneeslider, 2014 
  20. ^ Clinton, Jane (30. 01. 2011). „Old Rockers in tune with Mods”. Daily Express. London: Northern and Shell Media Publications. Приступљено 27. 12. 2014. „Lenny Paterson, 61, who was a Rocker back in the Sixties and remains one at heart recalls the sense of being outcasts and rebels. 'Often you wouldn’t be allowed into cafes or bars with a leather jacket,' says the father of three who lives in Wallington, near Croydon, where he runs his own spare parts business.” 
  21. ^ „Ray Pickrell”. The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group Limited. Obituaries. 1. 05. 2006. Приступљено 27. 12. 2014. „Those were the days of the 'rockers', and Ray learned to ride fast on the north London roads around the Ace Cafe and the Busy Bee where fellow bikers used to hold impromptu races.” 
  22. ^ „Leader of the pack”. Western Daily Press. Bristol: Local World. This is Somerset. 30. 01. 2009. Приступљено 27. 12. 2014. „Now aged 89, Father Bill, as he was known in east London, was one of the founders of the world famous 59 Club – the home of hordes of tearaway rockers, the hoodies of the day, who used to scream around London's North Circular on their Triumphs, Nortons and BSAs, terrifying the populace and causing retired majors to splutter into their sherry.” 
  23. ^ McEwen, Charles; Brooke, Lindsay; et al. (3. 06. 2011). „The Books of Summer, Awaiting Your Armchair”. New York Times. The New York Times Company. Приступљено 27. 12. 2014. „Built in the 1930s on the busy North Circular Road, the open-all-night Ace [Cafe] was a haven for truckers and other nighthawks, serving up tea, coffee and thFe usual 30-weight diner fare. By the 1950s Ace regulars began to include a new breed of motorcyclist, mostly young, looking for a place to gather with their mates. They would listen to the jukebox rock 'n' roll and explore their machines' speed potential on the surrounding roads.” 
  24. ^ McDermott, Jim (3. 02. 2009). „Cafe Racer Rave Up”. Superbikeplanet.com. Hardscrabble Media LLC. Архивирано из оригинала 27. 12. 2014. г. Приступљено 27. 12. 2014. 
  25. ^ Jensen, Eric (5. 11. 2011). „Rose-coloured goggles: throb of the wild lures cafe racers back in time”. Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. Приступљено 29. 12. 2014. „Mr Travis has noticed a rise in cafe-racer culture in the past few years - the motorcycle scene that grew out of rockabilly.” 
  26. ^ Fullerton, Georgia (8. 05. 2014). „Throttle Roll motors into The Vic”. City Hub. Sydney: Alternative Media Group of Australia. Приступљено 27. 12. 2014. „'Throttle Roll promotor, Mark Hawwa, says the partnership between rock ‘n’ roll and motorbikes is an important one: 'The reason I brought in rock ‘n’ roll to the actual event is that back in the ’60s that was the music that these guys were listening to. The roots of the Cafe Racer comes back to rock ‘n’ roll music. Young guys on motorbikes, the pin-up girls and the guys with their slicked back hair-dos. It’s all just a whole lot of fun.” 
  27. '^ Koutsoukis, Jason (9. 12. 2014). „Keep the motor running”. Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. Приступљено 27. 12. 2014. „The cafe racer culture is a phenomenon, not just in Australia, but around the world,' says motorcycle adventurer Rennie Scaysbrook, editor of Australia's Free Wheeling magazine, who spent 10 days last year riding an Enfield across the mountains of Nepal.” 

Further reading уреди

External links уреди

 
Café racer на Викимедијиној остави.

Шаблон:Types of motorcycles

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