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| datum_rođenja = {{birth date-lat|1880|03|02|df=y}}
| mesto_rođenja = [[Lavov]]
| država_rođenja = Ukrajina
| datum_smrti = {{death date and age-lat|1949|12|5|1880|03|02|df=y}}
| mesto_smrti = [[Njujork]]
| država_smrti = SAD
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}}
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'''Alfred James Lotka''' (March 2,. mart 1880. – December 5,. decembar 1949.) wasbio aje [[United States|USamerički]] [[mathematicianmatematičar]], [[physical chemist|fizički hemičar]], andi [[statistician|statističar]], famouspoznat forpo hissvom workradu inu [[population dynamics|populacionoj dinamici]] andi [[energetics|energetici]]. AnKao [[United States|Americanamerički]] [[biophysicist|biofizičar]], Lotka is best knownje fornajbolje hispoznat proposalpo ofnjegovom thepredlogu [[Lotka–Volterra equations|predator–preymodela modelpredatora i plena]], developedkoji je simultano simultaneouslyi butnezavisno independentlyrazvio ofsa [[Vito Volterra|Vito Volterom]]. The [[Lotka–Volterra equation|Lotka–VolterraJednačina modelLotka–Voltera]] isje stillješ theuvek basisosnova ofmnogih manymodela modelskoji usedse inkoriste theu analysis ofanalizi [[population dynamics|populacione dinamike]] inu [[ecology|ekologiji]].
== Rad ==
{{further-lat|Jednačina Lotka–Voltera}}
[[Датотека:LotkaVolterra en.svg|300px|thumb|[[Jednačina Lotka–Voltera]] predictpredviđa linkedpovezane oscillationsoscilacije in populations ofpopulacija [[predator]]a andi preyplena.]]
Mada je on u današnje vreme uglavnom poznat po jednačini Lotka–Voltera koja se koristi u [[ekologija|ekologiji]], Lotka je bio biomatematičar i biostatističar, koji je primenjivao principe fizičkih nauka na biološke probleme. Njegov glavni interes je bila [[demografija]], što je verovatno uticalo na njegov profesionalni izbor kao statističar pri [[MetLife|Metropolitanskom životnom osiguranju]].
Although he is today known mainly for the Lotka–Volterra equations used in [[ecology]], Lotka was a bio-mathematician and a bio-statistician, who sought to apply the principles of the physical sciences to biological sciences as well. His main interest was [[demography]], which possibly influenced his professional choice as a [[statistician]] at [[Metropolitan Life Insurance Company|Metropolitan Life Insurance]].
OneJedna ofod Lotka'sLotkinih earliestnajranijih publications,publikacija iniz 1912,. proposedgodine asadrži solutionpredlog torešenja [[Ronald Ross|Ronald Rosovog]]'s seconddrugog modela [[malariamalarija|malarije]] model. InGodine 1923, heon publishedje aobjavio thoroughdetaljnu five-partpetodelnu analysisanalizu andi extensionproširenje ofoba bothRosova Ross'smodela malaria modelsmalarije. TheČetvrti fourthdeo partserije inkoji theje series,napisao co-authoredzajedno bysa F. R. SharpeŠarpom, modeledbavio these timemodelovanjem lagvremena forzaostajanja pathogeninkubacije incubationpatogena. Lotka publishedje objavio ''Elements ofElemente Physicalfizičke Biologybiologije'' in 1925. godine, onešto ofje thebila firstjedna booksod onprvih knjiga o [[mathematical biology|matematičkoj biologiji]] afternakon [[D'Arcy Thompson|d'Arsi Tompsonovog]]'s rada ''[[On Growth and Form|O rastu i formi]]''. HeOn isje alsoisto knowntako forpoznat hispo njegovoj [[energetics|energetskoj]] perspectiveperspektivi ono [[evolution|evoluciji]]. Lotka proposedje thatpredložio da je [[natural selection|prirodna selekcija]] wasbila, atu itssvom rootkorenu, aborba strugglemeđu amongorganizama organismsza forraspoloživu available energyenergiju; [[Lotka'sMaximum power principle|Lotkin princip]] statestvrdi thatda organismsorganizmi thatkoji survivepreživljavaju andi prosperprosperiraju aresu thoseoni thatkoji captureefektivnije andzarobljavaju usei koriste [[energyenergija|energiju]] morenego efficientlynjihova than its competitorskonkurencija. Lotka extendedje hisproširio energeticsopseg frameworkenergetike tona humanljudsko societydruštvo. In particularSpecifično, heon suggestedje thatsmatrao theda shiftbi inprelaz reliancesa fromoslanjanja na [[solarsolarna energyenergija|solarnu energiju]] tona nonrenewableneobnovljivu energyenergiju wouldpretstavljao posejedinstven uniquei andfundamentalni fundamentalizazov challengesza to societydruštvo. TheseOve theoriesteorije madesu Lotkaučinile anLotku importantvažnim forerunnerpretečom to the development ofrazvoja [[biophysicalThermoeconomics|biofizičke economicsekonomije]] andi [[ecological economics|ekološke ekonomije]], advancedkoje bysu razvili [[FrederickFrederik SoddySodi]], [[Howard T. Odum|HowardHauard Odum]] andi othersdrugi.<ref>Cleveland, Cutler (Lead Author); Peter Saundry (Topic Editor). 2008. [http://www.eoearth.org/article/Lotka,_Alfred_James "Lotka, Alfred James"]. In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth September 15, 2006; Last revised December 1, 2008; Retrieved August 3, 2009.</ref>
== Publikacije ==
* A. J. Lotka (1923) "Contribution to the analysis of malaria epidemiology". ''The American Journal of Hygiene'', 3: 1–121.
* Loth, A. J. (1926) "The Frequency Distribution of Scientific Productivity". Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 16(1926):317–323.
;O Lotki
;About Lotka
* Haaga, J. (2000). "[http://www.prb.org/Publications/Articles/2000/AlfredLotkaMathematicalDemographer.aspx Alfred Lotka, mathematical demographer]". ''Population Today'', 28(2), 3.
* Kingsland, S. E. (1985). ''Modeling nature: episodes in the history of population ecology''. Chicago: University of Chicago.
== Spoljašnje veze ==
* -{[http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/nv935285j Alfred J. Lotka Papers at the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University]}-
* Jacques Veron [http://www.jehps.net/juin2008/Veron.pdf Alfred J. Lotka and the Mathematics of Population] in [http://www.jehps.net/indexang.html Electronic Journal for History of Probability and Statistics] June 2008.
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[[Категорија:Амерички статистичари]]
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