Тим Бернерс-Ли — разлика између измена
Садржај обрисан Садржај додат
Спашавам 1 извора и означавам 0 мртвим. #IABot (v2.0beta9) |
. |
||
Ред 1:
{{Инфокутија Научник | ијек = да
| име = Тим Бернерс-Ли
| слика = Sir Tim Berners-Lee (cropped).jpg
| ширина_слике = 250п
| опис_слике = Тим Бернерс-Ли
| датум_рођења = {{датум рођења|1955|6|8| год = да}}
Линија 12 ⟶ 13:
| женски_пол =
}}
{{рут}}
Сер '''Тим Бернерс-Ли''' ({{јез-енгл|Ser Tim Berners-Lee}}; [[Лондон]], [[8. јун]] [[1955]])<ref name="whoswho">{{Who's Who | surname = BERNERS-LEE | othernames = Sir Timothy (John) | id = U12699 | volume = 2015 | edition = online [[Oxford University Press]]}} {{subscription required}}</ref> такође познат као '''ТимБл''', енглески је [[инжињер]] и [[Информатика|компјутерски научник]], најбоље је познат као изумитељ [[веб]]а и челник -{World Wide Web}- конзорцијума. He is currently a professor of Computer Science at the [[University of Oxford]] and at [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2016-10-27-sir-tim-berners-lee-joins-oxfords-department-computer-science|title=Sir Tim Berners-Lee joins Oxford's Department of Computer Science|agency=University of Oxford}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Tim Berners-Lee {{!}} MIT CSAIL |url=https://www.csail.mit.edu/person/tim-berners-lee |website=www.csail.mit.edu |language=en}}</ref> He made a proposal for an information management system in March 1989,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://info.cern.ch/Proposal.html |title=info.cern.ch – Tim Berners-Lee's proposal |publisher=Info.cern.ch |accessdate=21 December 2011}}</ref> and he implemented the first successful communication between a [[Hypertext Transfer Protocol|Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)]] client and [[Server (computing)|server]] via the [[internet]] in mid-November the same year.<ref>Tim Berners Lee's own reference. The exact date is unknown.</ref><ref name="weavingtheweb">{{cite book | title = [[Weaving the Web: The Original Design and Ultimate Destiny of the World Wide Web by its inventor]] | first = Tim | last = Berners-Lee | author2 = Mark Fischetti | location = Britain | publisher=Orion Business | year = 1999 | isbn = 978-0-7528-2090-3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1038/scientificamerican1210-80
| last1 = Berners-Lee | first1 = T.
| title = Long Live the Web
| journal = [[Scientific American]]
| volume = 303
| issue = 6
| pages = 80–85
| year = 2010
| pmid = 21141362
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1038/scientificamerican1008-76
| last1 = Shadbolt | first1 = N.
| authorlink1 = Nigel Shadbolt
| last2 = Berners-Lee | first2 = T.
| authorlink2 = Tim Berners-Lee
| title = Web science emerges
| journal = Scientific American
| volume = 299
| issue = 4
| pages = 76–81
| year = 2008
| pmid = 18847088
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| last1 = Berners-Lee | first1 = T.
| authorlink1 = Tim Berners-Lee
| last2 = Hall | first2 = W.
|authorlink2 = Wendy Hall
| last3 = Hendler | first3 = J.
| authorlink3 = James Hendler
| last4 = Shadbolt | first4 = N.
|authorlink4 = Nigel Shadbolt
| last5 = Weitzner | first5 = D.
| title = Computer Science: Enhanced: Creating a Science of the Web
| url = http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/262615/
| doi = 10.1126/science.1126902
| journal = Science
| volume = 313
| issue = 5788
| pages = 769–771
| year = 2006
| pmid = 16902115
}}</ref>
Крајем 1980-их, током свог рада у лабораторији [[CERN]], [[Женева]] у [[Швајцарска|Швајцарској]], Тим Бернерс-Ли је комбиновањем различитих техника усавршио оно што данас зовемо -{World Wide Web}-, систем који омогућава линковање, прегледање и сортирање свих могућих информација преко [[рачунар]]а повезаних са [[телекомуникације|телекомуникацијским]] системима. Због тога, он се данас назива оцем [[интернет]]а.
Бернерс-Ли је директор [[World Wide Web Consortium]] (W3C), which oversees the continued development of the Web. He is also the founder of the [[World Wide Web Foundation]] and is a senior researcher and holder of the 3Com [[Professors in the United States#Special academic ranks (tenured)|founders chair]] at the [[MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory]] (CSAIL).<ref>{{cite web|title=Draper Prize|url=http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2007/draper-prize.html|publisher=[[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]|accessdate=25 May 2008}}</ref>
За своје заслуге, овај Британац који је рођен [[1955]]. године у [[Лондон]]у и који сада живи у [[Сједињене Америчке Државе|САД]], одликован је и награђен племићком титулом од стране британске краљевске куће. Бернерс-Ли је добио [[Тјурингова награда|Туринг награду]] 2016. године 'за проналазак [[World Wide Web|веба]], првог [[Интернет претраживач|веб претраживача]] и основних протокола и алгоритама који дозвољавају Web to scale.'▼
He is a director of the [[Web Science Research Initiative]] (WSRI),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://webscience.org/about/people/ |accessdate=17 January 2011|title=People|publisher=The Web Science Research Initiative |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080628052526/http://webscience.org/about/people/ |archivedate = 28 June 2008}}</ref> and a member of the advisory board of the [[MIT Center for Collective Intelligence]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cci.mit.edu |title=MIT Center for Collective Intelligence (homepage) |publisher=Cci.mit.edu |accessdate=15 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://cci.mit.edu/people/index.html |title=MIT Center for Collective Intelligence (people) |publisher=Cci.mit.edu |accessdate=15 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611041615/http://cci.mit.edu/people/index.html |archivedate=11 June 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> In 2011, he was named as a member of the board of trustees of the [[Ford Foundation]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://webfoundation.org/2011/09/sir-tim-berners-lee-ford-board/|title=Sir Tim Berners-Lee Named to the Ford Foundation Board|last=Bratt|first=Steve|date=29 September 2011|website=World Wide Foundation|access-date=22 August 2017}}</ref> He is a founder and president of the [[Open Data Institute]]. Добитник је и неколико почасних [[доктор наука|доктората]].
▲За своје заслуге, овај Британац који је рођен [[1955]]. године у [[Лондон]]у и који сада живи у [[Сједињене Америчке Државе|САД]], одликован је и награђен [[Order of the British Empire|племићком]] титулом од стране британске краљевске куће 2004.
|date=31 December 2003
| url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3357073.stm
| accessdate=10 November 2015 }}</ref><ref name="knighted">{{cite news
| title =Creator of the web turns knight
|publisher=[[BBC News]]
|date=16 July 2004
| url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3899723.stm
| accessdate=10 November 2015 }}</ref> In April 2009, he was elected a foreign associate of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Timothy Berners-Lee Elected to National Academy of Sciences|url=http://www.ddj.com/217200450|publisher=[[Dr. Dobb's Journal]]|accessdate=9 June 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release|accessdate=17 January 2011|date=28 April 2009|title=72 New Members Chosen By Academy|publisher=United States National Academy of Sciences|url=http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=04282009}}</ref> Бернерс-Ли је добио [[Тјурингова награда|Туринг награду]] 2016. године 'за проналазак [[World Wide Web|веба]], првог [[Интернет претраживач|веб претраживача]] и основних протокола и алгоритама који дозвољавају Web to scale.' Named in ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine's list of the [[Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century|100 Most Important People of the 20th century]], Berners-Lee has received a [[Awards and honours presented to Tim Berners-Lee|number of other accolades]] for his invention.<ref name="Time">{{cite news | title= Tim Berners Lee—Time 100 People of the Century |url= http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,990627,00.html
| work=Time Magazine |quote= He wove the World Wide Web and created a mass medium for the 21st century. The World Wide Web is Berners-Lee's alone. He designed it. He loosed it on the world. And he more than anyone else has fought to keep it open, nonproprietary and free |first=Joshua |last=Quittner | date=29 March 1999}}</ref> He was honoured as the "Inventor of the World Wide Web" during the [[2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony]], in which he appeared in person, working with a vintage [[NeXT Computer]] at the [[Olympic Stadium (London)|London Olympic Stadium]].<ref name="Friar" /> He [[Twitter|tweeted]] "This is for everyone",<ref name="OlympicsTweet">{{cite web|author=Berners-Lee, Tim|title=This is for everyone| url=https://twitter.com/timberners_lee/status/228960085672599552 | publisher=Twitter|date=27 July 2012|accessdate=28 July 2012}}</ref> which instantly was spelled out in [[LCD]] lights attached to the chairs of the 80,000 people in the audience.<ref name="Friar">{{cite news |title=Sir Tim Berners-Lee stars in Olympics opening ceremony |first=Karen |last=Friar |url=http://www.zdnet.com/uk/sir-tim-berners-lee-stars-in-olympics-opening-ceremony-7000001744/ |newspaper=ZDNet |date=28 July 2012 |accessdate=28 July 2012}}</ref> Berners-Lee received the 2016 [[Turing Award]] "for inventing the World Wide Web, the first web browser, and the fundamental protocols and algorithms allowing the Web to scale".<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/berners-lee_8087960.cfm|title=A. M. Turing Award|date=2016|publisher=Association for Computing Machinery|accessdate=4 April 2017}}</ref>
== Рани живот и образовање ==
Тим Бернерс-Ли је рођен у Лондону, Енглеска, Уједињено краљевство,<ref name="W3Bio">{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/Longer.html|title=Berners-Lee Longer Biography|publisher=World Wide Web Consortium|accessdate=18 January 2011}}</ref> one of four children born to [[Mary Lee Woods]] and [[Conway Berners-Lee]]. His parents worked on the first commercially built computer, the [[Ferranti Mark 1]]. He attended Sheen Mount Primary School, and then went on to attend south west London's [[Emanuel School]] from 1969 to 1973, at the time a [[direct grant grammar school]], which became an [[independent school]] in 1975.<ref name="whoswho">{{Who's Who | surname = BERNERS-LEE | othernames = Sir Timothy (John) | id = U12699 | volume = 2015 | edition = online [[Oxford University Press]]}} {{subscription required}}</ref><ref name="tecb" /> A keen [[trainspotter]] as a child, he learnt about electronics from tinkering with a model railway.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/b022ff6c-f673-11e1-9fff-00144feabdc0.html#axzz25mg7CPq7|title=Lunch with the FT: Tim Berners-Lee|work=Financial Times}}</ref> He studied at [[The Queen's College, Oxford]], from 1973 to 1976, where he received a [[British undergraduate degree classification#First-class honours|first-class]] [[bachelor of arts]] degree in physics.<ref name="whoswho"/><ref name="W3Bio" /> While he was at college, Berners-Lee made a computer out of an old [[television set]], which he bought from a repair shop.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-in-school/he-caught-us-all-in-the-web/article24836867.ece|title=He caught us all in the Web!|date=2018-09-01|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-09-02|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
== Каријера ==
Линија 61 ⟶ 118:
== Референце ==
{{reflist|
== Литература ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* ''Tim Berners-Lee's'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20171109232547/http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/Publications.html publications]
* ''Tim Berners-Lee and the Development of the World Wide Web (Unlocking the Secrets of Science)'' (Mitchell Lane Publishers, 2001), {{ISBN|1-58415-096-3}}
* ''Tim Berners-Lee: Inventor of the World Wide Web (Ferguson's Career Biographies)'', Melissa Stewart (Ferguson Publishing Company, 2001), {{ISBN|0-89434-367-X}} children's biography
* ''How the Web was Born: The Story of the World Wide Web'', Robert Cailliau, James Gillies, R. Cailliau (Oxford University Press, 2000), {{ISBN|0-19-286207-3}}
* ''Weaving the Web: The Original Design and Ultimate Destiny of the World Wide Web by Its Inventor'', Tim Berners-Lee, Mark Fischetti (Paw Prints, 2008)
* [http://computemagazine.com/man-who-invented-world-wide-web-gives-new-definition/ "Man Who Invented the World Wide Web Gives it New Definition"], ''Compute Magazine'', 11 February 2011
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4132752.stm BBC2 Newsnight – Transcript of video interview of Berners-Lee on the read/write Web] <!-- -->
* [http://www.technologyreview.com/Infotech/13784/ ''Technology Review'' interview]
* {{cite news |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/07/the-man-who-created-the-world-wide-web-has-some-regrets |date= 2018 |title=“I Was Devastated”: Tim Berners-Lee, the Man Who Created the World Wide Web, Has Some Regrets |publisher=''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'' |first=Katrina |last=Brooker}}
{{refend}}
== Спољашње везе ==
| |||