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Термохалинска покретна трака — разлика између измена

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[[Датотека:Circulacion termohalina.jpg|мини|300п|Термохалинска циркулација: дубински ток тамна, а површински свијетла трака. Није приказана [[Струја западних ветрова|Антарктичка циркумполарна струја]].]]
'''Термохалинска покретна трака''' или '''термохалинска циркулација''' ({{јез-енгл|the ocean conveyer, conveyor belt}}) је [[океанографија|океанографски]] назив за комбинацију [[морске струје|морских струјања]] која повезују четири од пет [[океан]]а и притом се обједињују у јединствени опток глобалних размјера.
 
'''Термохалинска покретна трака''' или '''термохалинска циркулација''' ({{јез-енгл|the ocean conveyer, conveyor belt}}) је [[океанографија|океанографски]] назив за комбинацију [[морске струје|морских струјања]] која повезују четири од пет [[океан]]а и притом се обједињују у јединствени опток глобалних размера.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Rahmstorf|first=S|title=The concept of the thermohaline circulation |journal=Nature|volume=421 |page=699|year=2003|url=http://www.pik-potsdam.de/~stefan/Publications/Nature/nature_concept_03.pdf |pmid=12610602|issue=6924|doi=10.1038/421699a|bibcode = 2003Natur.421..699R }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Lappo|first=SS|title=On reason of the northward heat advection across the Equator in the South Pacific and Atlantic ocean|journal=Study of Ocean and Atmosphere Interaction Processes|year=1984|pages=125–9|publisher=Moscow Department of Gidrometeoizdat (in Mandarin)}}</ref> Покретач ове врло опсежне размјенеразмене маса и [[температура|температуре]] је својство морске воде да на основу промјенепромене [[салинитет]]а и [[температура|температуре]] мијењамења густоћугустину (термохалинско својство). Зависно од [[географска ширина|географске ширине]], мијењамења се количина сунчевог зрачења. Тако се у близини [[екватор]]а подиже температура воде, а испаравање јој се повећава сланост.
{{рут}}
The adjective ''thermohaline'' derives from ''[[wikt:thermo-|thermo-]]'' referring to [[temperature]] and ''{{nowrap|-haline}}'' referring to [[salinity|salt content]], factors which together determine the [[Water (molecule)#Density of saltwater and ice|density of sea water]]. [[Wind]]-driven surface currents (such as the [[Gulf Stream]]) travel [[Polar regions of Earth|polewards]] from the equatorial [[Atlantic Ocean]], cooling en route, and eventually sinking at high [[latitude]]s (forming [[North Atlantic Deep Water]]). This dense water then flows into the [[ocean basin]]s. While the bulk of it [[upwelling|upwells]] in the [[Southern Ocean]], the oldest waters (with a transit time of around 1000 years)<ref>The global ocean conveyor belt is a constantly moving system of deep-ocean circulation driven by temperature and salinity; [http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/conveyor.html What is the global ocean conveyor belt?]</ref> upwell in the North Pacific.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1175/JPO2699.1|last=Primeau|first=F|title=Characterizing transport between the surface mixed layer and the ocean interior with a forward and adjoint global ocean transport model|journal=Journal of Physical Oceanography|volume=35|issue=4|pages=545–64|year=2005|bibcode=2005JPO....35..545P}}</ref> Extensive mixing therefore takes place between the ocean basins, reducing differences between them and making the [[World Ocean|Earth's oceans a global system]]. On their journey, the water masses transport both energy (in the form of heat) and mass of substances (solids, dissolved substances and gases) around the globe. As such, the state of the circulation has a large impact on the [[climate]] of the Earth.
 
The thermohaline circulation is sometimes called the ocean conveyor belt, the great ocean conveyor, or the global conveyor belt. On occasion, it is used to refer to the [[Zonal and meridional|meridional]] overturning circulation (often abbreviated as MOC). The term ''MOC'' is more accurate and well defined, as it is difficult to separate the part of the circulation which is driven by temperature and [[salinity]] alone as opposed to other factors such as the wind and [[tidal force]]s.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Wunsch|first=C|year=2002|title=What is the thermohaline circulation?|journal=Science|volume=298|issue=5596|pages=1179–81|doi=10.1126/science.1079329|pmid=12424356}}</ref> Moreover, temperature and salinity gradients can also lead to circulation effects that are not included in the MOC itself.
 
== Историја ==
Линија 23 ⟶ 26:
 
== Литература ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|last=Apel|first=JR|title=Principles of Ocean Physics|publisher=Academic Press|year=1987|isbn=0-12-058866-8}}
* {{cite journal|doi=10.1175/JCLI3436.1|author=Gnanadesikan, A. |author2=R. D. Slater |author3=P. S. Swathi |author4=G. K. Vallis |title=The energetics of ocean heat transport|journal=Journal of Climate|volume=18|issue=14|pages=2604–16|year=2005|bibcode=2005JCli...18.2604G}}
* {{cite book|last=Knauss|first=JA|title=Introduction to Physical Oceanography|publisher=Prentice Hall|year=1996|isbn=0-13-238155-9}}
* Kunzig, Robert (2002): ''Der unsichtbare Kontinent. Die Entdeckung der Meerestiefe''(Nevidljivi kontinent. Otkrivanje morskih dubina), marebuchverlag
* {{cite book|last=Rahmstorf|first=S|chapter=Thermohaline Ocean Circulation|chapterurl=http://pik-potsdam.de/~stefan/Publications/Book_chapters/rahmstorf_eqs_2006.pdf|editor=Elias, S. A.|title=Encyclopedia of Quaternary Sciences|publisher=Elsevier Science|year=2006|isbn=0-444-52747-8}}
* Stocker, Thomas F., Reto Knutti und Gian-Kasper Plattner (2001): ''The Future of the Thermohaline Circulation - A Perspective'' [http://www.climate.unibe.ch/~stocker/papers/stocker01agu.pdf (PDF)] (engl.)
* {{cite web |publisher=[[United Nations Environment Programme]] / GRID-Arendal |date=2006 |url=http://www.grida.no/climate/vital/32.htm |title=Potential Impact of Climate Change}}
* ''Wirbel in der Tiefsee'' (Vrtlog u dubokom moru), u: Spektrum der Wissenschaft 06/05, S. 16ff.
* Primeau, F., (2005), Characterizing transport between the surface mixed layer and the ocean interior with a forward and adjoint global ocean transport model, ''Journal of Physical Oceanography'','''35''', 545-564.
* Rahmstorf, Stefan., (2003), [http://www.pik-potsdam.de/~stefan/Publications/Nature/nature_concept_03.pdf The concept of the thermohaline circulation]. ''Nature'', '''421''', 699.
{{refend}}
 
== Спољашње везе ==
{{Commonscat|Ocean currents}}
* [httphttps://spacemartwww.comjpl.nasa.gov/resportsnews/Scients_Use_Satellites_To_Detect_Deep_Ocen_Whirlpoolsnews.htmlphp?release=2006-040 „-{Scientists use satellites to detect Deep-Ocean Whirlpools}-“]{{Мртва веза|date=10. 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''-{spacemart.com}-'', 21. март 2006.
* [http://oceanmotion.org/html/background/ocean-conveyor-belt.htm „-{Conveyor Belt}-“]
* -{THOR FP7 projects [http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20141126093524/http%3A//www.eu%2Dthor.eu/ http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20141126093524/http%3A//www.eu%2Dthor.eu/] investigates on the topic "Thermohaline overturning- at risk?" and the predictability of changes of the THC. THOR is financed by the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission.}-
 
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Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Термохалинска_покретна_трака”