Википедија

Бизмут — разлика између измена

Интерактиван преглед историје
← Старија изменаНовија измена →
Садржај обрисан Садржај додат
ВизуелноВикитекст
м Бот: обликујем ISBN; козметичке измене
м Разне исправке
Ред 71:
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|magnetic susceptibility= −280,1·10<sup>−6</sup>
|magnetic susceptibility ref= <ref>{{Cite book|title=CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|last=Weast|first=Robert|publisher=Chemical Rubber Company Publishing|year=1984|idisbn=ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4|location=Boca Raton, Florida|pages=E110|via=}}</ref>
|Young's modulus=32
|Shear modulus=12
Ред 220:
<ref name="heise">[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/63548 Vijest na heise.de]</ref>
<ref name="matdl">{{Cite web|url=http://matdl.org/repository/view/matdl:214 |title=Forschungsbericht NIST USA |accessdate=18. 12. 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107000116/http://matdl.org/repository/view/matdl:214 |archive-date=7. 1. 2009 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
<ref name="julichfz">[http://juwel.fz-juelich.de:8080/dspace/bitstream/2128/4466/1/J%C3%BCl_0875_Scharenberg.pdf Forschungsbericht KFA Jülich]{{Мртва веза|date=04. 2019. |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (PDF)</ref>
<ref name="bruker">[http://www.bruker-spaleck.de/ceasy/modules/cms/main.php5?cPageId=33 ''Beschichtungslegierungen.''] na: ''bruker-spaleck.de'' </ref>
<ref name="usgs">[http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/bismuth/ Bismuth Statistics and Information], USGS.</ref>
<ref name="horsley">{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/0891-3919(57)90180-8 |title = The preparation of bismuth for use in a liquid-metal fuelled reactor |year=1957 |last=Horsley |first = G.W. |journal = Journal of Nuclear Energy (1954) |volume = 6 |pages= 41}}</ref>
<ref name="Oje">{{cite journal|doi=10.1007/BF03222821 |title = Bismuth—Production, properties, and applications |year=1992 |last=Ojebuoboh |first = Funsho K. |journal = JOM |volume = 44 |issue = 4 |pages=46-49|bibcode = 1992JOM....44d..46O|pages=46-49}}</ref>
<ref name="yuv">{{cite journal|doi=10.1134/S0020168511020166 |title = Pb distribution in multistep bismuth refining products |year=2011 |last=Shevtsov |first = Yu. V. |last2=Beizel |first2 = N. F. |journal = Inorganic Materials |volume = 47 |issue = 2 |pages= 139}}</ref>
<ref name="usgs2010">{{cite web|url=http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/bismuth/myb1-2010-bismu.pdf|title=2010 USGS Minerals Yearbook: Bismuth|format = PDF| pristupdatum =9.9.2010|izdavač= United States Geological Survey|last=Carlin|first= James F. Jr.}}</ref>
<ref name="arizona1">{{Cite book|editor=Anthony, John W. |editor2= Bideaux, Richard A. |editor3= Bladh, Kenneth W. |editor4= Nichols, Monte C. |title=Handbook of Mineralogy |publisher=Mineralogical Society of America |place=Chantilly, VA, US |volume=I (Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts) |url=http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/bismuth.pdf |format=PDF |chapter=Bismuth |accessdate=5. 12. 2011|idisbn=ISBN 978-0-9622097-0-3|pages=}}</ref>
<ref name="NäslundPersson2000">{{cite journal|last=Jan|first=Näslund|author2= Persson Ingmar |display-authors=etal |title=Solvation of the Bismuth(III) Ion by Water, Dimethyl Sulfoxide, N,N'-Dimethylpropyleneurea, and N,N-Dimethylthioformamide. An EXAFS, Large-Angle X-ray Scattering, and Crystallographic Structural Study|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=39|issue=18|year=2000|doi=10.1021/ic000022m|pages=4012-4021}}</ref>
<ref name="Persson2010">{{cite journal|last=Ingmar|first=Persson|title=Hydrated metal ions in aqueous solution: How regular are their structures?|journal=Pure and Applied Chemistry|volume=82|issue=10|year=2010|doi=10.1351/PAC-CON-09-10-22|pages=1901-1917}}</ref>
<ref name="gillespie1">{{Cite book|title=Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry|author = R. J. Gillespie |author2= J. Passmore| editor = Emeléus, H. J. |editor2= Sharp A. G.| publisher = Academic Press|year=1975|idisbn=ISBN 978-0-12-023617-6|pages=77-78}}</ref>
<ref name="k1401">{{cite journal|url=http://www.kurzweilai.net/3d-counterpart-to-graphene-discovered |title=3D counterpart to graphene discovered |datum=20. 1. 2014|publisher=KurzweilAI |pristupdatum=28. 1. 2014}}</ref>
<ref name="doi1126">{{cite doi|10.1126/science.1245085}}</ref>
<ref name="norman1">{{Cite book|title=Chemistry of arsenic, antimony, and bismuth|author = S. M. Godfrey |author2= C. A. McAuliffe |display-authors=etal | editor = Nicholas C. Norman| publisher = Springer|year=1998|idisbn=ISBN 978-0-7514-0389-3|pages=67-84}}</ref>
<ref name="introstudy">{{citeCite book|title=An Introduction to the Study of Chemistry|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=lGjTyw9gYfYC&pg=PA363|publisher=Forgotten Books|isbn=978-1-4400-5235-4|last=Remsen|first=Ira|pages=363}}</ref>
<ref name="consice">{{cite book|title=Concise encyclopedia chemistry|author = Thomas Scott |author2= Mary Eagleson| publisher = Walter de Gruyter|year=1994|idisbn=ISBN 978-3-11-011451-5|pages= 136}}</ref>
<ref name="pijer">{{cite journal|last=de|first=Marcillac Pierre|author2= Noël Coron |author3= Gérard Dambier |author4= Jacques Leblanc |author5= Jean-Pierre Moalic|year=2003|title = Experimental detection of α-particles from the radioactive decay of natural bismuth|journal = Nature|volume = 422|pages=876-878|pmid=12712201|doi = 10.1038/nature01541|issue = 6934| bibcode= 2003Natur.422..876D|pages=876-878}}</ref>
<ref name="NUBASE">{{cite journal|title=The NUBASE Evaluation of Nuclear and Decay Properties| journal = Nuclear Physics A| volume = 729|pages=3-128| publisher = Atomic Mass Data Center|year=2003| doi=10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001| bibcode= 2003NuPhA.729....3A|author= Audi Georges |author2= Bersillon O. |display-authors=etal |pages=3-128}}</ref>
<ref name="carvalho">{{cite journal|doi=10.1007/BF02824346|title = Alpha-activity of209Bi|year=1972|author = Carvalho H. G. |author2= Penna M.|journal = Lettere al Nuovo Cimento|volume = 3|issue = 18|pages= 720}}</ref>
<ref name="morrissey">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ZAHJkrJlwbYC&pg=PA78|title=Modern Nuclear Chemistry |isbn=978-0-471-11532-8 |author= Loveland Walter |author2= Morrissey David J|author3= Seaborg Glenn Theodore |year=2006|pages=78}}</ref>
<ref name="therapy">{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/S0360-3016(01)01585-1| title=Advancements in cancer therapy with alpha-emitters: a review|year=2001|last=S|first=Imam| journal=International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics|volume=51|pages=271}}</ref>
<ref name="acton">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Y6haWM6lFkYC&pg=PT520|title=Issues in Cancer Epidemiology and Research |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4649-6352-0 |author= Acton Ashton|pages=520}}</ref>
<ref name="freeze">{{cite journal|doi=10.1039/JS8682100071| title = IX.—Freezing of water and bismuth|year=1868|author = Tribe Alfred| journal = Journal of the Chemical Society| volume = 21|pages= 71}}</ref>
<ref name="pierre">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=n-fiyYg3iSIC&pg=PA82| title =The Physics of Phase Transitions|isbn =978-3-540-33390-6|author =Papon Pierre|author2= Leblond Jacques|author3= Meijer Paul |author4= Herman Ernst|year=2006|pages=82}}</ref>
<ref name="tiller">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=FGaIhhZ8ivsC&pg=PA2|title=The science of crystallization: microscopic interfacial phenomena|author=Tiller William A.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1991|idisbn=ISBN 978-0-521-38827-6|pages=2}}</ref>
<ref name="murli">{{cite book|author=Manghnani Murli H.|title=Science and Technology of High Pressure: Proceedings of the International Conference on High Pressure Sciene and Technology (AIRAPT-17), Honolulu, Hawaii, 25-30 July, 1999, Volume 2|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=7OoZ9TN8ROQC&pg=PA1086|year=2000|publisher=Universities Press (Indija) |isbn=978-81-7371-339-2|pages=1086}}</ref>
<ref name="elena">{{cite book|last=Boldyreva|first=Elena|title=High-Pressure Crystallography: From Fundamental Phenomena to Technological Applications|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pyN0dhHChzsC&pg=PA264|year=2010| publisher= Springer|isbn=978-90-481-9257-1|pages=264-265}}</ref>
Ред 251:
<ref name="semimetal">{{cite journal|title=Semimetal-to-semiconductor transition in bismuth thin films|journal = Phys. Rev. B|volume =48|year=1993|doi =10.1103/PhysRevB.48.11431|bibcode = 1993PhRvB..4811431H| issue = 15|author = Hoffman C. |author2= Meyer J. |display-authors=etal|pages=11431}}</ref>
<ref name="galvo">{{cite journal|doi=10.1098/rspa.1936.0126 |jstor = 96773| title = The Theory of the Galvomagnetic Effects in Bismuth|year=1936| last=Jones| first = H.| journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences| volume = 155| issue = 886|bibcode = 1936RSPSA.155..653J|pages=653}}</ref>
<ref name="agricola">{{cite book|last=Agricola|first=Georgious| title = De Natura Fossilium| location = New York| publisher = Mineralogical Society of America| origyear=1546 |year=1955|pages= 178}}</ref>
<ref name="americaor">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=GL5PAAAAMAAJ&pg=PT181| chapter = Bismuth| title = American edition of the British encyclopedia: Or, Dictionary of Arts and sciences ; comprising an accurate and popular view of the present improved state of human knowledge| last=Nicholson| first = William|year=1819|pages=181}}</ref>
<ref name="normanc">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=vVhpurkfeN4C&pg=PA41| title = Chemistry of arsenic, antimony, and bismuth|isbn=978-0-7514-0389-3|author = Norman Nicholas C.|year=1998|pages=41}}</ref>
Ред 257:
<ref name="giunta">Giunta, Carmen J. [http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/archems.html Glossary of Archaic Chemical Terms], Le Moyne College.</ref>
<ref name="dewismutho">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=eQVAAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA1-PA134| chapter = De Wismutho|title = Exercitationes chymicae|publisher=Berolini: Apud Johannem Andream Rüdigerum|author = Pott Johann Heinrich|year=1738|pages=134}}</ref>
<ref name="picchu">{{cite journal|jstor=1692247|journal = Science|volume = 223|issue = 4636|pages=585-586 |author= Gordon Robert B. |author2= Rutledge John W.|title = Bismuth Bronze from Machu Picchu, Peru|doi = 10.1126/science.223.4636.585|pmid = 17749940|year=1984|bibcode = 1984Sci...223..585G|pages=585-586}}</ref>
<ref name="gallica">{{cite journal|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3551g/f197.image.r=royal.langEN|title = Sur Bismuth|year=1753|journal = Histoire de l'Académie royale des sciences&nbsp;... avec les mémoires de mathématique & de physique&nbsp;... tirez des registres de cette Académie|author = Geoffroy|pages=190}}</ref>
<ref name="crc">{{Cite book|editor=Robert C. Weast|title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|publisher=CRC (Chemical Rubber Publishing Company)|location=Boca Raton|year=1990|idisbn=ISBN 978-0-8493-0470-5|pages=E-129 do E-145}}</ref>
<ref name="oet"> Harper, Douglas. [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=bismuth "bismuth".] Online Etymology Dictionary.</ref>
<ref name="breaks">{{cite news|url=http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2003/apr/23/bismuth-breaks-half-life-record-for-alpha-decay| title=Bismuth breaks half-life record for alpha decay|date=23. 4. 2003| publisher=Physicsworld| first=Belle| last=Dumé}}</ref>
<ref name="webmin">[http://webmineral.com/data/Bismuth.shtml Bismuth]. WebMineral. Pristupljeno 17.12.2011.</ref>
<ref name="jefferson">[http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele083.html Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility - Office of Science Education]</ref>
<ref name="binder">{{Cite book|last=Binder|title=Lexikon|first=Harry H. der chemischen Elemente|publisher=S. Hirzel Verlag|location=Stuttgart|year=1999|idisbn=ISBN 978-3-7776-0736-8|pages=}}</ref>
<ref name="manjera">Manjeera Mantina, Adam C. Chamberlin, Rosendo Valero, Christopher J. Cramer, Donald G. Truhlar: ''Consistent van der Waals Radii for the Whole Main Group''. u: J. Phys. Chem. A. 2009, 113, str. 5806–5812, {{doi|10.1021/jp8111556}}</ref>
<ref name="greenwood">{{cite book|last=Greenwood|first=Norman N. |author2= Alan Earnshaw|title=Chemie der Elemente|edition=1|publisher=Wiley-VCH|location=Weinheim|year=1988|idisbn=ISBN 978-3-527-26169-7|pages=}}</ref>
<ref name="zhang">Yiming Zhang, Julian R. G. Evans, Shoufeng Yang: ''Corrected Values for Boiling Points and Enthalpies of Vaporization of Elements in Handbooks''. u: Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 56, 2011, str. 328–337, {{doi|10.1021/je1011086}}</ref>
}}
 
== Литература ==
* {{Cite book|ref=harv|title=ChemistryAn ofIntroduction arsenic,to antimony,the andStudy bismuth|author = S. M. Godfreyof Chemistry|author2url= Chttp://books. Agoogle. McAuliffe |display-authorscom/books?id=etal | editor lGjTyw9gYfYC&pg= Nicholas C. NormanPA363| publisher =Forgotten SpringerBooks|yearisbn=1998|id=ISBN 978-01-75144400-03895235-34|last=Remsen|first=Ira|pages=67-84363}}
* {{Cite book|ref=harv|title=Chemistry of arsenic, antimony, and bismuth|author = S. M. Godfrey |author2= C. A. McAuliffe |display-authors=etal | editor = Nicholas C. Norman| publisher = Springer|year=1998|isbn=978-0-7514-0389-3|pages=67-84}}
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{Cite book|ref=harv|title=Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry|author = R. J. Gillespie |author2= J. Passmore| editor = Emeléus, H. J. |editor2= Sharp A. G.| publisher = Academic Press|year=1975|idisbn=ISBN 978-0-12-023617-6|pages=77-78}}
* {{Cite book|ref=harv|editor=Anthony, John W. |editor2= Bideaux, Richard A. |editor3= Bladh, Kenneth W. |editor4= Nichols, Monte C. |title=Handbook of Mineralogy |publisher=Mineralogical Society of America |place=Chantilly, VA, US |volume=I (Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts) |url=http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/bismuth.pdf |format=PDF |chapter=Bismuth |accessdate=5. 12. 2011|idisbn=ISBN 978-0-9622097-0-3|pages=}}
* {{cite book|ref=Kruger|last=Krüger|first=Joachim|author2= Winkler, Peter |author3= Lüderitz, Eberhard |author4= Lück, Manfred |author5= Wolf, Hans Uwe|chapter=Bismuth, Bismuth Alloys, and Bismuth Compounds|title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|year=2003|publisher= Wiley-VCH, Weinheim|doi=10.1002/14356007.a04_171|pages=171-189}}
* {{cite book|ref=Wiberg| title = Inorganic chemistry|author= Wiberg Egon |author2= Holleman A. F. |author3= Wiberg Nils| publisher = Academic Press|year=2001|idisbn=ISBN 978-0-12-352651-9|pages=}}
* {{cite book|ref=Greenwood|author=Greenwood, N. N.|author2= Earnshaw, A. |year=1997|title=Chemistry of the Elements|edition=2.|place= Oxford|publisher= Butterworth-Heinemann|idisbn=ISBN 978-0-7506-3365-9|pages=}}
* {{cite book|ref=Suzuki|last=Suzuki|first=Hitomi|title=Organobismuth Chemistry|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=qODswAbaBmsC&pg=PA8|year=2001|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-444-20528-5|pages=1-20}}
{{refend}}
Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Бизмут”