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{{short description|Aspekt istorije jugoistočne Azije}}
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'''Istorija Indonezije''' has been shaped by its geographic position, its natural resources, a series of human migrations and contacts, wars and conquests, as well as by trade, economics and politics. [[Indonesia]] is an [[archipelago|archipelagic]] country of 17,000 to 18,000 islands (8,844 named and 922 permanently inhabited) stretching along the equator in [[South East Asia]]. The country's strategic sea-lane position fostered inter-island and international trade; trade has since fundamentally shaped Indonesian history. The area of Indonesia is populated by peoples of various migrations, creating a diversity of [[Culture of Indonesia|cultures]], [[Ethnic groups of Indonesia|ethnicities]], and [[Languages of Indonesia|languages]]. The archipelago's landforms and climate significantly influenced agriculture and trade, and the formation of states. The boundaries of the state of Indonesia represent the 20th century borders of the [[Dutch East Indies]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Brown |first=Colin |year=2003 |title=A Short History of Indonesia |publisher=Allen & Unwin |location=Crows Nest, New South Wales |isbn= |ref=harv}}</ref>
 
'''Istoriju Indonezije''' oblikovali su geografski položaj, prirodni resursi, niz ljudskih migracija i kontakata, ratovi i osvajanja, kao i trgovina, ekonomija i politika. [[Indonezija]] je [[archipelago|arhipelaška]] zemlja sa 17.000 do 18.000 ostrva (8.844 imenovanih i 922 stalno naseljenih) koja se protežu duž ekvatora u [[South East Asia|jugoistočnoj Aziji]]. Strateški pomorski položaj zemlje je tokom istorije služio kao podsticaj za međuostrvsku i međunarodnu trgovinu; trgovina je fundamentalno oblikovala istoriju Indonezije. Područje Indonezije naseljavaju narodi raznih migracija, što stvara raznolikost [[Culture of Indonesia|kultura]], [[Ethnic groups of Indonesia|etničkih grupa]] i [[Languages of Indonesia|jezika]]. Reljef i klima arhipelaga značajno su uticali na poljoprivredu i trgovinu, i na formiranje država. Granice države Indonezije predstavljaju granice [[Dutch East Indies|Holandske istočne Indije]] 20. veka.<ref>{{cite book |last=Brown |first=Colin |year=2003 |title=A Short History of Indonesia |publisher=Allen & Unwin |location=Crows Nest, New South Wales |isbn= |ref=harv}}</ref>
Fossilised remains of ''[[Homo erectus]]'' and his tools, popularly known as the "[[Java Man]]", suggest the Indonesian archipelago was inhabited by at least 1.5 million years ago. [[Austronesian people]], who form the majority of the modern population, are thought to have originally been from [[Taiwan]] and arrived in Indonesia around 2000&nbsp;BCE. From the 7th century CE, the powerful [[Srivijaya]] naval kingdom flourished bringing [[Hindu]] and [[Buddhist]] influences with it. The agricultural Buddhist [[Sailendra]] and Hindu [[Mataram Kingdom|Mataram]] dynasties subsequently thrived and declined in inland Java. The last significant non-Muslim kingdom, the Hindu [[Majapahit]] kingdom, flourished from the late 13th century, and its influence stretched over much of Indonesia. The [[Spread of Islam in Indonesia|earliest evidence of Islamised populations]] in Indonesia dates to the 13th century in northern [[Sumatra]]; other Indonesian areas gradually adopted Islam which became the dominant religion in [[Java]] and Sumatra by the end of the 16th century. For the most part, Islam overlaid and mixed with existing cultural and religious influences.
 
Fosilizovani ostaci -{''[[Homo erectus]]a''}- i njegovog alata, popularno poznatog kao „[[Javanski čovek]]”, sugerišu da je indonezijski arhipelag bio naseljen pre najmanje 1,5 miliona godina. Smatra se da [[Austronesian people|austronezijanski narod]], koji čini većinu modernog stanovništva, potiče iz [[Tajvan]]a, a u Indoneziju su stigli oko 2000. godine pne. Od 7. veka pne, snažno pomorsko kraljevstvo [[Šriviđaja]] procvetalo je donoseći sa sobom [[Хиндуизам|hinduističke]] i [[Budizam|budističke]] uticaje. Poljoprivredna budistička dinastija [[Shailendra dynasty|Šajlendra]] i hinduistička [[Medang Kingdom|Mataram]] kasnije su se razvile i propale u unutrašnjosti Jave. Poslednje značajno nemuslimansko kraljevstvo, hinduističko kraljevstvo [[Madžapahit]], prosperiralo je od kraja 13. veka, a njegov uticaj protezao se na većem delu Indonezije. [[Spread of Islam in Indonesia|Najraniji dokazi]] o islamističkom stanovništvu u Indoneziji datiraju iz 13. veka u severnoj [[Sumatra|Sumatri]]; druge oblasti Indonezije postepeno su prihvatile islam koji je do kraja 16. veka, koji je postao dominantna religija u [[Java|Javi]] i Sumatri. Islam se u najvećem delu zemlje pomešao sa postojećim kulturnim i verskim uticajima.
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Europeans such as the Portuguese arrived in Indonesia from the 16th century seeking to monopolise the sources of valuable [[nutmeg]], [[clove]]s, and [[cubeb|cubeb pepper]] in [[Maluku Islands|Maluku]]. In 1602 the Dutch established the [[Dutch East India Company]] (VOC) and became the dominant European power by 1610. Following bankruptcy, the VOC was formally dissolved in 1800, and the government of the Netherlands established the [[Dutch East Indies]] under government control. By the early 20th century, Dutch dominance extended to the current boundaries. The [[Netherlands East Indies campaign|Japanese invasion]] and [[Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies|subsequent occupation]] in 1942–45 during WWII ended Dutch rule, and encouraged the previously suppressed Indonesian independence movement. Two days after the surrender of Japan in August 1945, nationalist leader, [[Sukarno]], declared independence and became president. The Netherlands tried to reestablish its rule, but a [[Indonesian National Revolution|bitter armed and diplomatic struggle]] ended in December 1949, when in the face of international pressure, the Dutch formally recognised Indonesian independence.
 
[[Transition to the New Order|An attempted coup]] in 1965 led to [[Indonesian killings of 1965–66|a violent army-led anti-communist purge]] in which over half a million people were killed. [[Suharto|General Suharto]] politically outmanoeuvred President Sukarno, and became president in March 1968. His [[New Order (Indonesia)|New Order administration]] garnered the favour of the West, whose investment in Indonesia was a major factor in the subsequent three decades of substantial economic growth. In the late 1990s, however, Indonesia was the country hardest hit by the [[East Asian Financial Crisis]], which led to [[Indonesian Revolution of 1998|popular protests]] and Suharto's resignation on 21 May 1998. The [[Reformation (Indonesia)|''Reformasi'']] era following Suharto's resignation, has led to a strengthening of democratic processes, including a regional autonomy program, the secession of [[East Timor]], and the first [[2004 Indonesian presidential election|direct presidential election in 2004]]. Political and economic instability, social unrest, corruption, natural disasters, and terrorism have slowed progress. Although relations among different religious and ethnic groups are largely harmonious, acute sectarian discontent and violence remain problems in some areas.
 
== Reference ==
{{Reflist|}}
 
== Literatura ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* Drakeley, Steven. ''The History Of Indonesia'' (2005) [https://archive.org/details/TheHistoryOfIndonesiaTheGreenwoodHistoriesOfTheModernNations online]
* {{cite book |last=Friend |first=T. |year=2003 |title=Indonesian Destinies |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-01137-3 |ref=harv |url=https://archive.org/details/indonesiandestin00theo }}
* Gouda, Frances. ''American Visions of the Netherlands East Indies/Indonesia: US Foreign Policy and Indonesian Nationalism, 1920-1949'' (Amsterdam University Press, 2002) [https://www.questia.com/read/123062166/american-visions-of-the-netherlands-east-indies-indonesia online]; [http://www.oapen.org/download?type=document&docid=340274 another copy online]
* {{cite book |last=Kahin |first=George McTurnan |year=1952 |title=Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia |publisher=Cornell University Press |location=Ithaca, NY |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Melvin |first=Jess|date= 2018|title=The Army and the Indonesian Genocide: Mechanics of Mass Murder |url=|location= |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1138574694|ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Ricklefs |first=M.&nbsp;C. |title=A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1300 |edition=2nd |publisher=MacMillan |year=1993 |location=London |isbn=978-0-333-57689-2 |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book| last =Reid| first =Anthony| authorlink =| title =The Indonesian National Revolution 1945–1950| publisher =Longman Pty Ltd| year =1974| location =Melbourne| pages =| url =| doi = | isbn =978-0-582-71046-7 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last= Robinson|first=Geoffrey B.|date= 2018|title=The Killing Season: A History of the Indonesian Massacres, 1965-66|url=|location= |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |page= |isbn=9781400888863|ref=harv }}
* {{cite book |last=Taylor |first=Jean Gelman |year=2003 |title=Indonesia |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven and London |isbn=978-0-300-10518-6 |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book|last=Vickers |first=Adrian |title=A History of Modern Indonesia |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-521-54262-3 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last1=Whitten |first1=T. |last2=Soeriaatmadja |first2=R.&nbsp;E. |last3=Suraya |first3=A.&nbsp;A. |year=1996 |title=The Ecology of Java and Bali |publisher=Periplus Editions |location=Hong Kong |isbn= |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Witton |first=Patrick |year=2003 |title=Indonesia |publisher=Lonely Planet |location=Melbourne |isbn=978-1-74059-154-6 |ref=harv}}
* Burhanudin, Jajat, and Kees van Dijk, eds. ''Islam in Indonesia: Contrasting Images and Interpretations'' (Amsterdam University Press, distributed by University of Chicago Press; 2013) 279 pages; scholarly articles
* Dijk, Kees van. 2001. ''A country in despair. Indonesia between 1997 and 2000.'' [[KITLV]] Press, Leiden, {{ISBN|90-6718-160-9}}
* Schwarz, Adam. 1994. ''A Nation in Waiting: Indonesia's Search for Stability''. 2nd Edition. St Leonards, NSW : Allen & Unwin.
* van Zanden J. L. ''An Economic History of Indonesia: 1800–2010'' (Routledge, 2012)
* Tagliacozzo, Eric, ed. ''Producing Indonesia: The State of the Field of Indonesian Studies'' (Cornell Modern Indonesia Project) (2014) Essays by 26 scholars.
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== Spoljašnje veze ==
{{Commons category-lat|History of Indonesia}}
 
 
{{Authority control-lat}}
 
[[Категорија:Историја Индонезије]]
Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istorija_Indonezije”