Википедија

Graviton — разлика између измена

Интерактиван преглед историје
← Старија изменаНовија измена →
Садржај обрисан Садржај додат
ВизуелноВикитекст
Ред 121:
 
== Energija i talasna dužina ==
{{rut}}
While gravitons are presumed to be [[massless particle|massless]], they would still carry [[energy]], as does any other quantum particle. [[Photon energy]] and [[gluon energy]] are also carried by massless particles. It is unclear which variables might determine graviton energy, the amount of energy carried by a single graviton.
 
Iako se pretpostavlja da su gravitoni [[Massless particle|bezmaseni]], oni i dalje nose [[Energija|energiju]], kao i svaka druga kvantna čestica. [[Photon energy|Energiju fotona]] i [[gluon energy|energiju gluona]] takođe nose čestice bez mase. Nije razjašnjeno koje promenljive određuju energiju gravitona, količinu energije nošenu jednim gravitonom.
Alternatively, [[massive gravity|if gravitons are massive at all]], the analysis of [[gravitational wave]]s yielded a new upper bound on the [[mass]] of gravitons. The graviton's [[Compton wavelength]] is at least {{val|1.6|e=16|u=[[metre|m]]}}, or about 1.6 [[light-year]]s, corresponding to a graviton mass of no more than {{val|7.7|e=-23|u=[[electronvolt|eV]]/[[speed of light|c]]<sup>2</sup>}}.<ref name="Abbott2017">{{cite journal|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.221101|title=GW170104: Observation of a 50-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence at Redshift 0.2|journal=[[Physical Review Letters]]|date=1 June 2017|author=B. P. Abbott|display-authors=etal|collaboration=[[LIGO Scientific Collaboration]] and [[Virgo interferometer|Virgo Collaboration]]|volume=118|pages=221101|bibcode=2017PhRvL.118v1101A|arxiv=1706.01812}}</ref> This relation between wavelength and mass-energy is calculated with the [[Planck–Einstein relation]], the same formula that relates electromagnetic [[wavelength]] to [[photon energy]]. However, if gravitons are the quanta of gravitational waves, then the relation between wavelength and corresponding particle energy is fundamentally different for gravitons than for photons, since the Compton wavelength of the graviton is not equal to the gravitational-wave wavelength. Instead, the lower-bound graviton Compton wavelength is about {{val|9|e=9}} times greater than the gravitational wavelength for the [[GW170104]] event, which was ~ 1,700&nbsp;km. The report<ref name="Abbott2017" /> did not elaborate on the source of this ratio. It is possible that gravitons are not the quanta of gravitational waves, or that the two phenomena are related in a different way.
 
Alternativno, ako su gravitoni uopšte [[Massive gravity|masivni]], analiza [[Гравитациони талас|gravitacionih talasa]] dala je novu gornju granicu [[mass|mase]] gravitona. Gravitonska [[Compton wavelength|Komptonova talasna dužina]] je najmanje {{val|1.6|e=16|u=[[metre|m]]}}, odnosno oko 1,6 [[Светлосна година|svetlosnih godina]], što odgovara gravitonskoj masi koja nije veća od {{val|7.7|e=-23|u=[[electronvolt|eV]]/[[speed of light|c]]<sup>2</sup>}}.<ref name="Abbott2017">{{cite journal|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.221101|title=GW170104: Observation of a 50-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence at Redshift 0.2|journal=[[Physical Review Letters]]|date=1 June 2017|author=B. P. Abbott|display-authors=etal|collaboration=[[LIGO Scientific Collaboration]] and [[Virgo interferometer|Virgo Collaboration]]|volume=118|pages=221101|bibcode=2017PhRvL.118v1101A|arxiv=1706.01812}}</ref> Ovaj odnos između talasne dužine i mase-energije izračunava se pomoću [[Planck–Einstein relation|Plank-Ajnštajnove relacije]],<ref>[[Claude Cohen-Tannoudji|Cohen-Tannoudji, C.]], Diu, B., Laloë, F. (1973/1977). ''Quantum Mechanics'', translated from the French by S.R. Hemley, N. Ostrowsky, D. Ostrowsky, second edition, volume 1, Wiley, New York, {{ISBN|0471164321}}</ref><ref>[[Anthony French|French, A.P.]], [[Edwin F. Taylor|Taylor, E.F.]] (1978). ''An Introduction to Quantum Physics'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, London, {{ISBN|0-442-30770-5}}</ref> istom formulom koja povezuje elektromagnetnu [[wavelength|talasnu dužinu]] i [[Photon energy|energiju fotona]]. Međutim, ako su gravitoni kvantovi gravitacionih talasa, tada je odnos između talasne dužine i odgovarajuće energije čestica fundamentalno drugačiji za gravitone nego za fotone, pošto Komptonova talasna dužina gravitona nije jednaka talasnoj dužini gravitacionog talasa. Umesto toga, donja vezana Komptonska talasna dužina gravitona je oko {{val|9|e=9}} puta veća od gravitacione talasne dužine za događaj [[GV170104]], koja je iznosio ~1.700 km. Izveštaj<ref name="Abbott2017" /> nije razradio izvor ovog odnosa. Moguće je da gravitoni nisu kvantovi gravitacionih talasa, ili da su ta dva fenomena povezana na drugi način.
 
== Eksperimentalna opservacija ==
Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton”