Panarthropoda — разлика између измена

'''''Panarthropoda''''' je životinjski [[takson]] koji kombinuje [[razdeo |razdele]] -{[[Arthropoda]]}-, -{[[Tardigrada]]}- i -{[[Onychophora]]}-,<ref name="pmid18192181">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1098/rstb.2007.2243 | title=The evolution of the Ecdysozoa | journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences | date=27. April4. 2008 | volume=363 | issue=1496 | pages=1529–1537 | first=M. J | last=Telford | pmid=18192181 | pmc=2614232}}</ref> kladu -{[[Lobopodia]]}-, i klasu -{[[Dinocaridida]]}-. Sve studije ne podržavaju njegovo postojanje,<ref name="nature phylo">{{Cite journal | last1 = Dunn | first1 = C. W. | last2 = Hejnol | first2 = A. | last3 = Matus | first3 = D. Q. | last4 = Pang | first4 = K. | last5 = Browne | first5 = W. E. | last6 = Smith | first6 = S. A. | last7 = Seaver | first7 = E. | last8 = Rouse | first8 = G. W. | last9 = Obst | first9 = M. | last10 = Edgecombe | doi = 10.1038/nature06614 | first10 = G. D. | last11 = Sørensen | first11 = M. V. | last12 = Haddock | first12 = S. H. D. | last13 = Schmidt-Rhaesa | first13 = A. | last14 = Okusu | first14 = A. | last15 = Kristensen | first15 = R. M. B. | last16 = Wheeler | first16 = W. C. | last17 = Martindale | first17 = M. Q. | last18 = Giribet | first18 = G. | title = Broad phylogenomic sampling improves resolution of the animal tree of life | journal = Nature | volume = 452 | issue = 7188 | pages = 745–749 | date = 10. April4. 2008 | pmid = 18322464 | pmc = }}</ref> ali većina to čini, uključujući neuroanatomske,<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1002/jmor.20054 | title= Neuroanatomy of Halobiotus crispae (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae): Tardigrade brain structure supports the clade panarthropoda | journal=Journal of Morphology | date=Novembernovembar 2012 | volume=273 | issue=11 | pages=1227–1245 | first=Dennis K. | last=Persson}}</ref> [[Митохондријски геном|mitogenomske]]<ref>{{Cite journal| last1 = Rota-Stabelli | first1 = O.| last2 = Kayal | first2 = E.| last3 = Gleeson | first3 = D.| last4 = Daub | first4 = J.| last5 = Boore | first5 = J.| last6 = Telford | first6 = M.| last7 = Pisani | first7 = D.| last8 = Blaxter | first8 = M.| last9 = Lavrov | first9 = D.| title = Ecdysozoan mitogenomics: evidence for a common origin of the legged invertebrates, the Panarthropoda| journal = Genome biology and evolution| volume = 2| pages = 425–440| year = 2010| pmid = 20624745| pmc = 2998192| doi = 10.1093/gbe/evq030}}</ref> i palaeontološke<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1038/ncomms2272 | title=Cambrian lobopodians and extant onychophorans provide new insights into early cephalization in Panarthropoda | journal=Nature Communications | date=2012 | volume=3 | pages=1261 | first=Qiang | last=Ou | pmid=23232391 | pmc=3535342}}</ref> studije.