Motorikša

Motorikša je motorizovana verzija vučene rikše ili biciklističke rikše. Most have three wheels and do not tilt. They are known by many terms in various countries including auto, auto/auto rickshaw taxi, baby taxi, pigeon, bajaj, chand gari, lapa, tuk-tuk, 3wheel or tukxi.

Motorikša u Šri Lanci

The auto rickshaw is a common form of urban transport, both as a vehicle for hire and for private use, in many countries around the world. They are especially common in countries with tropical or subtropical climates, since they usually are not fully enclosed, and in many developing countries because they are relatively inexpensive to own and operate. As of 2019, Bajaj Auto of Pune, India is the world's largest auto rickshaw manufacturer, selling 780,000 during the fiscal year.

There are many different auto rickshaw types, designs, and variations. The most common type is characterized by a sheet-metal body or open frame resting on three wheels; a canvas roof with drop-down side curtains; a small cabin at the front for the driver (sometimes known as an auto-wallah), with handlebar controls; and a cargo, passenger, or dual purpose space at the rear. Another common type is a motorcycle that has an expanded sidecar or, less often, is pushing or pulling a passenger compartment.

Poreklo

Daihatsu Midget Model DKA

In the 1930s Japan, which was the most industrialized country in east Asia at the time, encouraged the development of motorized vehicles including less expensive three-wheeled vehicles based on motorcycles. The Mazda-Go, a 3-wheel open "truck" released in 1931, is often considered the first of what became auto rickshaws. Later that decade the Japanese Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications of Japan distributed about 20,000 used three-wheelers to Southeast Asia as part of efforts to expand its influence in the region. They became popular in some areas, especially Thailand, which developed local manufacturing and design after three-wheelers went out of use in Japan when the Japanese Government abolished the three-wheeler license in 1965 .

Production in Southeast Asia started from the knockdown production of the Daihatsu Midget, which was introduced in 1959. An exception is the indigenously-modified Philippine tricycle, which originates from the Rikuo Type 97 motorcycle with a sidecar, introduced to the islands in 1941 by the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II.

In Europe, Corradino D'Ascanio, aircraft designer at Piaggio and inventor of the Vespa, came up with the idea of building a light three-wheeled commercial vehicle to power Italy's post-war economic reconstruction. The Piaggio Ape followed suit in 1947.

Literatura

• Bandyopadhyay, Subir (1990). Calcutta cycle-rickshaw pullers: a sociological study. Minerva Associates Publications. ISBN 978-8185195278. 
• Fung, Chi Ming (2005). Reluctant Heroes: Richshaw Pullers in Hong Kong And Canton, 1874-1954. Hong Kong University Press. Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. ISBN 978-9622097346. 
• Indian Institute of Economics (1962). A socio-economic survey of rickshaw drivers in Hyderabad City area. A.P. 
• Mulhall, Priscilla (2010). Solar-assisted Electric Auto Rickshaw Three Wheeler. Illinois Institute of Technology. 
• Warren, James Francis (2003). Rickshaw Coolie: A People's History of Singapore, 1880-1940. NUS Press. ISBN 978-9971692667. 
• Chamberlain, Basil Hall (1891). Things Japanese: being notes on various subjects connected with Japan for the use of travellers and others. K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd. стр. 241–242. 
• Chris Rowthorn (2007). Chris Rowthorn, ур. Japan (10 изд.). Lonely Planet. стр. 44. ISBN 978-1741046670. 
• James Francis Warren (2003). Rickshaw Coolie: A People's History of Singapore, 1880-1940. NUS Press. стр. 14. ISBN 978-9971692667. 
• David Diefendorf (2007). Amazing . . . But False!: Hundreds of "Facts" You Thought Were True, But Aren't. Sterling Publishing Company. стр. 223. ISBN 978-1402737916. 
• Chris Carlsson (2002). Critical Mass: bicycling's defiant celebration. AK Press. стр. 170. ISBN 978-1902593593. 
• DK Publishing; Stephen Mansfield (2009). Eyewitness Top 10 Travel Guide Series: Tokyo. Penguin. стр. 84. ISBN 978-0756653675. 
• Louis Frédéric (2002). Japan enciklopedia. Käthe Roth (translator). Harvard University Press. стр. 424. ISBN 978-0674017535. 
• Boye De Mente (2010). Demetra De Ment, ур. The Bizarre and the Wondrous from the Land of the Rising Sun!. Cultural-Insight Books. стр. 94. ISBN 978-1456424756. 
• Parker, F. Calvin (1990). Jonathan Goble of Japan. New York: University Press of America. ISBN 978-0-8191-7639-4. 

Spoljašnje veze

• The India 1000 – an article in Wired about auto rickshaw racing