Erik Hajden — разлика између измена

| visina = 6 ft 0+1/2 in<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite Sports-Reference |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/he/eric-heiden-1.html |title=Eric Heiden |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107061752/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/he/eric-heiden-1.html |archive-date=January 7,. 1. 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

'''Erik Artur Hajden''' (rođen 14. jun 1958) američki je lekar i bivši [[long track speed skating|brzinski klizač na duge staze]], drumski i tračni biciklista. On je osvojio [[List of multiple Olympic gold medalists at a single Games#List of most individual gold medals won at a single Olympic Games|pet pojedinačnih]] zlatnih medalja, postavio četiri olimpijska rekorda i jedan svetski rekord na [[Зимске олимпијске игре 1980.|Zimskim olimpijskim igrama 1980.]] godine. Hajden je bio najuspešniji sportista na tim olimpijskim igrama, pojedinačno osvojivši više zlatnih medalja nego druge nacije, osim [[Sovjetski Savez|Sovjetskog Saveza]] (10) i [[Istočna Nemačka|Istočne Nemačke]] (9).<ref>{{cite book |last=Aquitania |first=Ray E. |year=2010 |title=Jock-Docs: World-Class Athletes Wearing White Coats |isbn=9781609106126}}</ref> On je najuspešniji zimski olimpijac pojedinačnih gara bilo koje zimske olimpijade. Na istim Igrama 1980. godine održao je [[Олимпијска заклетва|zakletvu sportista]]. Njegov trener bila je [[Dianne Holum|Dijana Holam]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.teamusa.org/us-speedskating/athletes/Eric-Heiden |title=Eric Heiden |work=Team USA |access-date=2018-02-12. 2. 2018 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080227/https://www.teamusa.org/us-speedskating/athletes/Eric-Heiden |archive-date=February 13,. 2. 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Hajden je ikonski lik u zajednici [[Брзо клизање|brzog klizanja]]. Njegove pobede su značajne, jer je malo klizača (i uopšte sportista) istovremeno pobeđivalo na takmičenjima u sprintu i u disciplinama na duže staze. Hajden je jedini sportista u istoriji brzinskog klizanja koji je osvojio svih pet takmičenja na jednom olimpijskom turniru i jedini koji je osvojio [[List of Olympic medalists in speed skating|zlatnu medalju u svim disciplinama]]. Neki ga smatraju najboljim brzinskim klizačem sveukupno (na kratke i duge razdaljine) u istoriji sporta. Hajden je bio rangiran na 46. mestu [[ESPN]] spiska [[SportsCentury]] 50 najvećih sportista 20. veka 1999. godine, i jedini je klizač koji je uvršten u ovaj spisak. Godine 2000, holandske novine su ga nazvale najvećim klizačem svih vremena.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.trouw.nl/krantenarchief/2000/02/04/2429057/Vrouwen_snellen_Heiden_nu_voorbij.html |title=Vrouwen snellen Heiden nu voorbij |last=Woldendorp |first=Johan |date=February 4,. 2. 2000 |work=[[Trouw]] |language=Dutch |accessdate=February 25,. 2. 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902101333/http://www.trouw.nl/krantenarchief/2000/02/04/2429057/Vrouwen_snellen_Heiden_nu_voorbij.html |archive-date=September 2,. 9. 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Hajden je rođen u [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madisonu]] u Viskonsinu 14. juna 1958. Njegova sestra [[Beth Heiden|Bet Hajden]] takođe je postala vrhunski biciklistkinja, klizačica i skijašica. U svom rodnom mestu, [[Шорвуд Хилс (Висконсин)|Šorvud Hilsu]] (selu pored grada Madisona, sa zapadne strane), Erik i njegova sestra Bet bili su pokretači stvaranja Hajden hausa, malog objekta gde lokalna deca mogu da se zagreju nakon klizanja ili igranja hokeja na [[ice rink|klizalištu]] (zajedno sa podzemnom glinenom platformom).<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yTyZDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT127&lpg=PT127&dq=%22heiden+haus%22+shorewood&source=bl&ots=yDthAlWBV4&sig=MBNDXhL-Kd5qvwBkVLWQSEhUdS4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj1jcm7qqTZAhUK8GMKHYbiB5MQ6AEIcjAJ#v=onepage&q=%22heiden%20haus%22%20shorewood&f=false |title=Going for Wisconsin Gold: Stories of Our State Olympians |last=Garcia |first=Jessie |date=2016-06-30. 6. 2016 |publisher=Wisconsin Historical Society |isbn=9780870207662 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.shorewood-hills.org/index.asp?SEC=9167A934-66D5-43AC-BE54-E34B625D271D&Type=B_BASIC |title=Village Heritage |access-date=2018-02-14. 2. 2018 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180214073626/http://www.shorewood-hills.org/index.asp?SEC=9167A934-66D5-43AC-BE54-E34B625D271D&Type=B_BASIC |archive-date=February 14,. 2. 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> On je završio je srednju školu [[Madison West High School|Madison Vest]] 1976. godine.<ref> Mike Ivey, "Hometown hero Eric Heiden still makes his Olympic presence felt", The ''Capital Times'', February 19, 2014: https://madison.com/ct/news/local/writers/mike_ivey/hometown-hero-eric-heiden-still-makes-his-olympic-presence-felt/article_e487c254-98e0-11e3-88ed-0019bb2963f4.html . Retrieved February 24, 2020. </ref>

Tokom svoje karijere on je ostvario 15 klizačkih [[world record|svetskih rekorda]]:<ref name=SSStats>{{cite web |title=Eric Heiden |url=http://www.speedskatingstats.com/index.php?file=skater&code=1958061401 |publisher=SpeedSkatingStats.com |accessdate=August 29,. 8. 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517231944/http://speedskatingstats.com/index.php?file=skater&code=1958061401 |archive-date=May 17,. 5. 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>

* {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041015172845/http://www.usolympicteam.com/26_576.htm |date=October 15,. 10. 2004 |title=Eric Heiden's U.S. Olympic Team bio ... notes, quotes, photos }}

* {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050218072616/http://www.usolympicteam.com/11478_30687.htm |date=February 18,. 2. 2005 |title=Eric Heiden interview on 25th anniversary of Olympic heroics }}

* {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218084830/http://www.olympic.org:80/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=2&OLGY=1980 |date=December 18,. 12. 2008 |title=IOC 1980 Winter Olympics}}

* {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050225082923/http://www.usolympicteam.com/11478_30685.htm |date=February 25,. 2. 2005 |title=Current skaters comment on Heiden's legacy }}

* {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050225082843/http://www.usolympicteam.com/11478_30686.htm |date=February 25,. 2. 2005 |title=Race-by-race analysis by Heiden }}

* {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060714135102/http://www.teamsupportsystems.com/schaatslijst/lijst_m_allround_top10.htm |date=July 14,. 7. 2006 |title=Scientific approach to find the best skater of all times, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (Dutch) }}

* {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303211410/http://www.lettersonpages.com/2009/02/faster-better-stronger-by-eric-heiden/ |date=March3. 3,. 2009 |title=Book Review of ''Faster, Better, Stronger'' at Letters on Pages }}