WarmТопли airваздух hasима a lowerмању [[density|густину]] thanод coolхладног airваздуха, soте warmerсе airтоплији risesваздух upwardsподиже andнагоре coolerи airхладнији willваздух settleсе atталожи theна bottomдну<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/civilengineersp00fryegoog |title=Civil engineers' pocket book: a reference-book for engineers, contractors|author=Albert Irvin Frye|page=[https://archive.org/details/civilengineersp00fryegoog/page/n500 462]|publisher=D. Van Nostrand Company|date=1913|access-date=31 August 2009}}</ref> (thisовај effectефекат canсе beможе seenвидети with aса [[hot Hot-air balloon|балоном са топлим ваздухом]]).<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ssO_19TRQ9AC&pg=PA112 |title=Ancient Chinese Inventions | author = Yikne Deng | publisher = Chinese International Press | isbn=978-7-5085-0837-5 | date=2005
| pages = 112–13|access-date=18 June 2009}}</ref> CloudsОблаци formсе asформирају relativelyкао warmerрелативно air,топлији carryingваздух moisture,који risesноси withinвлагу coolerи air.издиже Theсе moistу airхладнијем rises,ваздуху. and,Влажан asваздух itсе doesдиже soи, itдок coolsто andчини, someхлади ofсе theи део [[waterВодена пара|водене vaporпаре]] inу thatтом risingваздуху airсе [[condensationКондензација|condensesкондензује]].<ref>{{cite web|author=FMI|date=2007|url=http://www.zamg.ac.at/docu/Manual/SatManu/main.htm?/docu/Manual/SatManu/CMs/FgStr/backgr.htm |title=Fog And Stratus – Meteorological Physical Background|publisher=Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik|access-date=7 February 2009}}</ref> WhenКада theсе moistureвлага condensesкондензује, itона releasesослобађа energyенергију knownпознату asкао [[latent heat|латентна топлота]] of condensationкондензације, whichкоја allowsомогућава theда risingсе packetваздушни ofпакет airу toваздуху coolхлади lessмање than theод coolerхладнијег surroundingоколног airваздуха<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/stormworldhurric00moon |url-access=registration |title=Storm world: hurricanes, politics, and the battle over global warming|author=Chris C. Mooney|page=[https://archive.org/details/stormworldhurric00moon/page/20 20]|isbn=978-0-15-101287-9|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|date=2007|access-date=31 August 2009}}</ref> continuingнастављајући the cloud'sуздизање ascensionоблака. IfАко enoughпостоји довољно [[Convective available potential energy|instabilityнестабилности]] isу presentатмосфери, inовај theпроцес atmosphere,ће thisсе processнаставити willдовољно continueдуго longда enough forсе [[cumulonimbusКумулонимбус|кумулонимбусни]] cloudsоблаци toформирају formи and produceпроизводе [[lightning|муње]] andи [[thunderГром|грмљавину]]. MeteorologicalМетеоролошки indicesиндекси, као suchшто asје [[convective available potential energy|конвективна расположива потенцијална енергија]] (-{CAPE}-) and theи [[lifted index|индекс подизања]], canмогу beсе usedкористити toза assistпомоћ inпри determiningодређивању potentialпотенцијалног upwardвертикалног verticalразвоја developmentоблака ofпрема cloudsгоре.<ref name="CAPE">{{cite journal|author=David O. Blanchard|title=Assessing the Vertical Distribution of Convective Available Potential Energy|journal=[[Weather and Forecasting]]|volume=13|issue=3|pages=870–7|publisher=[[American Meteorological Society]]|date=September 1998|doi= 10.1175/1520-0434(1998)013<0870:ATVDOC>2.0.CO;2|bibcode= 1998WtFor..13..870B|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1234637}}</ref> GenerallyГенерално, thunderstormsолује requireзахтевају threeтри conditionsуслова toза formформирање:▼
| author = Yikne Deng
# Влага
| publisher = Chinese International Press
# Нестабилна ваздушна маса
| isbn=978-7-5085-0837-5
# Сила подизања (топлота)
| date=2005
▲| pages = 112–13|access-date=18 June 2009}}</ref> Clouds form as relatively warmer air, carrying moisture, rises within cooler air. The moist air rises, and, as it does so, it cools and some of the [[water vapor]] in that rising air [[condensation|condenses]].<ref>{{cite web|author=FMI|date=2007|url=http://www.zamg.ac.at/docu/Manual/SatManu/main.htm?/docu/Manual/SatManu/CMs/FgStr/backgr.htm |title=Fog And Stratus – Meteorological Physical Background|publisher=Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik|access-date=7 February 2009}}</ref> When the moisture condenses, it releases energy known as [[latent heat]] of condensation, which allows the rising packet of air to cool less than the cooler surrounding air<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/stormworldhurric00moon |url-access=registration |title=Storm world: hurricanes, politics, and the battle over global warming|author=Chris C. Mooney|page=[https://archive.org/details/stormworldhurric00moon/page/20 20]|isbn=978-0-15-101287-9|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|date=2007|access-date=31 August 2009}}</ref> continuing the cloud's ascension. If enough [[Convective available potential energy|instability]] is present in the atmosphere, this process will continue long enough for [[cumulonimbus]] clouds to form and produce [[lightning]] and [[thunder]]. Meteorological indices such as [[convective available potential energy]] (CAPE) and the [[lifted index]] can be used to assist in determining potential upward vertical development of clouds.<ref name="CAPE">{{cite journal|author=David O. Blanchard|title=Assessing the Vertical Distribution of Convective Available Potential Energy|journal=[[Weather and Forecasting]]|volume=13|issue=3|pages=870–7|publisher=[[American Meteorological Society]]|date=September 1998|doi= 10.1175/1520-0434(1998)013<0870:ATVDOC>2.0.CO;2|bibcode= 1998WtFor..13..870B|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1234637}}</ref> Generally, thunderstorms require three conditions to form:
# Moisture
# An unstable airmass
# A lifting force (heat)
AllСве thunderstormsолује, regardlessбез ofобзира typeна врсту, goпролазе throughкроз threeтри stagesфазе: the '''developingразвојну stage'фазу'', the '''matureзрелу stageфазу''',and theи '''dissipationфазу stage'дисипације''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Thunderstorm Basics |url=https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/education/svrwx101/thunderstorms/#:~:text=The%20developing%20stage%20of%20a,this%20stage%20but%20occasional%20lightning. |website=NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory |access-date=14 January 2021 |language=EN-US}}</ref><ref name="Extreme Weather">{{cite book|title=Extreme Weather|author=Michael H. Mogil|date=2007|publisher=Black Dog & Leventhal Publisher|location=New York|isbn=978-1-57912-743-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/extremeweatherun0000mogi/page/210 210–211]|url=https://archive.org/details/extremeweatherun0000mogi/page/210}}</ref> TheПросечна averageолуја thunderstormса hasгрмљавином aима пречник од {{convert|24|km|mi|abbr=on}} diameter. DependingУ onзависности theод conditionsуслова presentприсутних inу the atmosphereатмосфери, each ofсвака theseод threeове stagesтри takeфазе anтраје averageу ofпросеку 30 minutesминута.<ref name="tsbasics">{{cite web|url=http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/primer/tstorm/tst_basics.html|title=A Severe Weather Primer: Questions and Answers about Thunderstorms|author=National Severe Storms Laboratory|publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]|date=15 October 2006|access-date=1 September 2009|archive-date=25 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090825000832/http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/primer/tstorm/tst_basics.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
