Синагога — разлика између измена

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Despite the possibility of synagogue-like spaces prior to the First Jewish–Roman War, the synagogue emerged as a stronghold for Jewish worship upon the destruction of the Temple. For Jews living in the wake of the Revolt, the synagogue functioned as a "portable system of worship". Within the synagogue, Jews worshiped by way of prayer rather than sacrifices, which had previously served as the main form of worship within the Second Temple.<ref>{{cite book |last= Schiffman |first= Lawrence |title= From Text to Tradition: A History of Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism |date= March 1991 |publisher= Ktav Pub Inc. |isbn= 0881253723 |page=164 |edition= 1st}}</ref>
 
=== SecondДруги Templeхрам ===
In 1995, Howard Lee Clark argued that synagogues were not a developed feature of Jewish life prior to the Roman-Jewish War of 70 CE.<ref>Kee, Howard Clark. "Defining the First-Century CE Synagogue: Problems and Progress." New Testament Studies 41.4 (1995): 481-500.</ref> Kee interpreted his findings as evidence that the mentions of synagogues in the New Testament, including Jesus's visitations of synagogues in various Jewish settlements in Israel, were anachronistic. However, by 2018, Mordechai Aviam reported that there were now at least nine synagogues excavated known to pre-date the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple in AD 70, including in Magdala, Gamla, Masada, Herodium, Modi‘in (Kh. Umm el-‘Umdan), Qiryat Sepher (Kh. Bad ‘Issa), and Kh. Diab. Aviam concluded that he thought almost every Jewish settlement at the time, whether it was a polis or a village, had a synagogue.<ref>Aviʿam, Mordekhai. "First-Century Galilee New Discoveries." Early christianity 9.2 (2018): 219-226.</ref>
 
Године 1995, Хауард Ли Кларк је тврдио да синагоге нису биле развијена карактеристика јеврејског живота пре римско-јеврејског рата 70.<ref>Kee, Howard Clark. "Defining the First-Century CE Synagogue: Problems and Progress." New Testament Studies 41.4 (1995): 481-500.</ref> Ки је своје налазе протумачио као доказ да су помињања синагога у Новом завету, укључујући Исусове посете синагогама у разним јеврејским насељима у Израелу, била анахрона. Међутим, до 2018. Мордехај Авијам је известио да је сада откопано најмање девет синагога за које се зна да су претходиле уништењу јерусалимског храма 70. године нове ере, укључујући Магдалу, Гамлу, Масаду, Иродијум, Модиин (Кх. Ум ел-Умдан), Кириат Сепхер (Кх. Бад Иса) и Кх. Дијаб. Авијам је закључио да је мислио да је скоро свако јеврејско насеље у то време, било да је полис или село, имало синагогу.<ref>Aviʿam, Mordekhai. "First-Century Galilee New Discoveries." Early christianity 9.2 (2018): 219-226.</ref>
* [[Gamla]] - a synagogue was discovered near the city gate at Gamla, a site in the Golan northeast of the Sea of Galilee.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Levine, Lee I.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40408825|title=The ancient synagogue : the first thousand years|date=2000|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=0-300-07475-1|location=New Haven|oclc=40408825}}</ref> This city was destroyed by the Roman army in 67 CE and was never rebuilt.
 
* [[Masada]] - a synagogue was discovered on the western side of Masada, just south of the palace complex at the northern end of the site. One of the unique finds at this synagogue was a group of 14 scrolls, which included biblical, sectarian, and apocryphal documents.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Yadin, Yigael.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/861644287|title=Masada : the momentous archaeological discovery revealing the heroic life and struggle of the jewish zealots|date=1966|publisher=Random House|isbn=0-394-43542-7|edition=1st|location=New York, NY|pages=180–191|oclc=861644287}}</ref>
* [[GamlaГамла]] - aсинагога synagogueје wasоткривена discoveredу nearблизини theградских cityкапија gateу at GamlaГамли, aлокалитету siteна inГолану theсевероисточно Golanод northeastГалилејског of the Sea of Galileeмора.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Levine, Lee I.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40408825|title=The ancient synagogue : the first thousand years|date=2000|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=0-300-07475-1|location=New Haven|oclc=40408825}}</ref> ThisОвај cityград wasје destroyedуништила byримска the Roman army inвојска 67. CEгодине andи wasникада neverније rebuiltобновљен.
* [[Herodium]] - a synagogue from the 1st century was discovered in Herod's palace fortress at Herodium.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Herodium (BiblePlaces.com)|url=https://www.bibleplaces.com/herodium/|access-date=2020-07-11|website=BiblePlaces.com|language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[MasadaМасада]] - aсинагога synagogueје wasоткривена discoveredна onзападној theстрани western side of MasadaМасаде, justјужно southод ofкомплекса theпалате palaceна complexсеверном atкрају the northern end of the siteлокалитета. OneЈедан ofод theјединствених uniqueналаза findsу atовој thisсинагоги synagogueбила wasје aгрупа group ofод 14 scrollsсвитака, whichкоји includedсу biblical,укључивали sectarianбиблијске, andсекташке и apocryphalапокрифне documentsдокументе.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Yadin, Yigael.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/861644287|title=Masada : the momentous archaeological discovery revealing the heroic life and struggle of the jewish zealots|date=1966|publisher=Random House|isbn=0-394-43542-7|edition=1st|location=New York, NY|pages=180–191|oclc=861644287}}</ref>
* [[Migdal Synagogue|Magdala]] - also known as the Migdal Synagogue, this synagogue was discovered in 2009. One of the unique features of this synagogue, which is located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee, is an intricately carved stone [[Magdala stone|block]] that was found in the center of the main room.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ancient synagogue found in Israel - CNN.com|url=https://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/09/11/jerusalem.synagogue/index.html|access-date=2020-07-11|website=www.cnn.com}}</ref>
* [[Herodium|Иродијум]] - aсинагога synagogueиз from1. theвека 1stоткривена centuryје wasу discoveredИродовој inпалати Herod'sтврђави palaceу fortress at HerodiumИродијуму.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Herodium (BiblePlaces.com)|url=https://www.bibleplaces.com/herodium/|access-date=2020-07-11|website=BiblePlaces.com|language=en-US}}</ref>
* Modi'in - Discovered between [[Modi'in]] and [[Latrun]] is the [[Oldest synagogues in the World|oldest synagogue]] within modern Israel that has been found to date, built during the second century BCE. It includes three rooms and a nearby [[mikve]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-22|title=Modi'in: Where the Maccabees Lived|url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-sites-places/biblical-archaeology-sites/modiin-where-the-maccabees-lived/|access-date=2020-07-11|website=Biblical Archaeology Society|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Migdal Synagogue|Магдала]] – позната и као синагога Мигдал, ова синагога је откривена 2009. Једна од јединствених карактеристика ове синагоге, која се налази на западној обали Галилејског мора, је сложено исклесани камени [[Magdala stone|блок]] који је пронађен у центру. главне просторије.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ancient synagogue found in Israel - CNN.com|url=https://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/09/11/jerusalem.synagogue/index.html|access-date=2020-07-11|website=www.cnn.com}}</ref>
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* Modi'inМодин - DiscoveredОткривена betweenизмеђу [[Modi'in|Модина]] andи [[Latrun|Латруна]] is theје [[Oldest synagogues in the World|oldestнајстарија synagogueсинагога]] withinу modernмодерном IsraelИзраелу thatкоја hasје beenдо foundданас to dateпронађена, builtизграђена duringтоком theдругог secondвека century BCEпне. It includes threeОбухвата roomsтри andсобе aи nearbyоближњу [[mikveмикве]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-22|title=Modi'in: Where the Maccabees Lived|url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-sites-places/biblical-archaeology-sites/modiin-where-the-maccabees-lived/|access-date=2020-07-11|website=Biblical Archaeology Society|language=en}}</ref>
File:Gamla Synagogue (7).JPG|First century synagogue at Gamla
 
File:Masada 051013 Synagogue 01.jpg|First century synagogue at Masada
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File:Magdala-588.jpg|First century synagogue at Magdala
File:HerodionGamla Synagogue IMG 0708(7).JPG|FirstСинагога из centuryпрвог synagogueвека atу HerodiumГамли
File:Masada 051013 Synagogue 01.jpg|FirstСинагога centuryиз synagogueпрвог atвека Masadaу Масади
File:Magdala-588.jpg|Синагога из првог века у Магдали
File:Herodion Synagogue IMG 0708.JPG|Синагога из првог века у Иродијуму
</gallery>