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Ред 17:
Пролеће симболизује препород, подмлађивање, обнову, васкрсење и поновни раст.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejourneyjunkie.com/yoga-3/spring-equinox-renewal-rebirth-rejuvenate-refresh-reset-reconnect/|title=The Spring Equinox: Renewal, Rebirth, Rejuvenate, Refresh, Reset, Reconnect|last=|first=|date=15. 3. 2017|website=The Journey Junkie|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2. 11. 2019}}</ref> Разне културе могу имати локална имена годишњих доба која имају мало еквиваленције с појмовима који потичу из [[Европа|Европе]].
== Метеоролошка разматрања ==
{{рут}}
Meteorologists generally define four seasons in many climatic areas: spring, summer, autumn (fall), and winter. These are determined by the values of their average temperatures on a monthly basis, with each season lasting three months. The three warmest months are by definition [[summer]], the three coldest months are [[winter]], and the intervening gaps are spring and [[autumn]]. Meteorological spring can therefore, start on different dates in different regions.
In the [[United States|US]] and [[United Kingdom|UK]], spring months are March, April, and May.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Spring |title=Spring|work=Glossary of Meteorology|access-date=5 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Met Office: Spring|url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/learning/seasons/spring|access-date=5 March 2018}}</ref>
In [[Australia]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Australian Bureau of Meteorology – Climate Glossary – Seasons|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/glossary/seasons.shtml|website=Australian Bureau of Meteorology|publisher=bom.gov.au|access-date=30 March 2018}}</ref> and [[New Zealand]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Deguara |first1=Brittney |title=When does winter officially start in New Zealand? |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/113038178/when-does-winter-officially-start-in-new-zealand |work=Stuff |date=27 May 2019 |access-date=4 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=WW Forecast Team |title=POLL: Do you want the dates of our seasons changed? |url=https://www.weatherwatch.co.nz/content/poll-do-you-want-dates-our-seasons-changed |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222729/https://www.weatherwatch.co.nz/content/poll-do-you-want-dates-our-seasons-changed |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 March 2016 |website=Weather Watch |date=1 March 2012}}</ref> spring begins on 1 September and ends on 30 November.
In [[Ireland]], following the [[Gaelic calendar]], spring is often defined as February, March, and April.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.durbanresidence.com/blog/seasons-in-ireland/|title=Get ready for the seasons in Ireland|website=www.durbanresidence.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/readme/when-does-spring-really-start-1299726-Feb2014/|title=Column: When does spring really start? Let's clear this is up once and for all.|first=Conor|last=Farrell|website=TheJournal.ie}}</ref>
== Астрономско и соларно рачунање ==
In the Northern Hemisphere (e.g. Germany, the United States, Canada, and the UK),<ref>{{cite web |title=Met Office: Spring|url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/learning/seasons/spring|access-date=5 March 2018}}</ref> the astronomical [[March equinox|vernal equinox]] (varying between 19 and 21 March) can be taken to mark the first day of spring with the [[summer solstice]] (around 21 June) marked as first day of summer. By solar reckoning, Spring is held to begin 1 February until the first day of Summer on [[May Day]], with the summer solstice being marked as [[Midsummer]] instead of the beginning of Summer as with astronomical reckoning.
In the [[Chinese calendar|traditional Chinese calendar]], the [[Chun (season)|"spring" season]] ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|春}}}}) consists of the days between [[Lichun]] (3–5 February), taking [[Chunfen]] (20–22 March) as its midpoint, then ending at [[Lixia]] (5–7 May). Similarly, according to the [[Celtic tradition]], which is based solely on daylight and the strength of the noon sun, spring begins in early February (near [[Imbolc]] or [[Candlemas]]) and continues until early May ([[Beltane]]).
The spring season in [[India]] is culturally in the months of March and April, with an average temperature of approx 32 °C.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gupshups.org/seasons-in-india/|title=Seasons in India {{!}} Different types of seasons in India with months|website=gupshups|date= 2019}}</ref> Some people in India especially from Karnataka state celebrate their new year in spring, [[Ugadi]].
== Еколошко разматрање ==
The beginning of spring is not always determined by fixed calendar dates. The [[Phenology|phenological]] or [[Ecology|ecological]] definition of spring relates to biological indicators, such as the blossoming of a range of plant species, the activities of animals, and the special smell of soil that has reached the temperature for micro [[flora]] to flourish. These indicators, along with the beginning of spring, vary according to the local [[climate]] and according to the specific [[weather]] of a particular year.
Some ecologists divide the year into six seasons. In addition to spring, ecological reckoning identifies an earlier separate prevernal (early or pre-spring) season between the hibernal (winter) and vernal (spring) seasons. This is a time when only the hardiest flowers like the crocus are in bloom, sometimes while there is still some snowcover on the ground.<ref>{{cite web | author = Allaby, Michael | title = A Dictionary of Zoology | year = 1999 | url = http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-prevernal.html | access-date= 30 May 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130602225322/http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-prevernal.html | archive-date = 2 June 2013 | url-status=live}}</ref>
== Природни догађаји ==
[[Датотека:Camino entre el bosque de cerezos en flor.jpg|thumb|right|250п|Hundreds of [[Prunus cerasus|sour cherry]] blooming in [[Extremadura]], [[Spain]], during spring]]
[[Датотека:Chablais.jpg|thumb|лево|250п|Late April in the [[Alps]]. At high elevations<ref>[https://hydrologicalatlas.ch/downloads/01/content/Tafel_311.pdf "Mean Snow Depths, 1983–2002" (maps, see April)], [https://hydrologicalatlas.ch ''Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland''], [[Federal Office for the Environment]]</ref> (or latitudes),<ref>{{cite journal |date= June 1999 |title=Snow Depth on Arctic Sea Ice |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241392751 |journal=[[Journal of Climate]] |volume=12 |issue= 6|pages=1814–1829 |doi=10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<1814:SDOASI>2.0.CO;2 |bibcode=1999JCli...12.1814W |access-date=6 May 2021 |quote=The deepest snow is just north of Greenland and Ellesmere Island, peaking in early June at more than 40 cm|last1=Warren |first1=Stephen G. |last2=Rigor |first2=Ignatius G. |last3=Untersteiner |first3=Norbert |last4=Radionov |first4=Vladimir F. |last5=Bryazgin |first5=Nikolay N. |last6=Aleksandrov |first6=Yevgeniy I. |last7=Colony |first7=Roger }}</ref> spring is often the snowiest period of the year.]]
[[Датотека:Spring in Stockholm 2016 (2).jpg|thumb|250п|A [[willow]] in [[Stockholm]] in April 2016]]
[[Датотека:Kevadkülv.jpg|thumb|десно|250п|[[Sowing]] at spring in [[Estonia]]]]
During early spring, the axis of the [[Earth]] is increasing its tilt relative to the Sun, and the length of daylight rapidly increases for the relevant hemisphere. The hemisphere begins to warm significantly, causing new plant growth to "spring forth," giving the season its name.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hiskey |first1=Daven |title=Why Do We Call the Seasons Spring, Summer, Fall and Winter? |url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/52813/how-did-seasons-get-their-names |website=Mental Floss |access-date=8 August 2019 |date=26 September 2013}}</ref>
Many flowering plants bloom at this time of year, in a long succession, sometimes beginning when snow is still on the ground and continuing into early summer.<ref>{{cite web |title=How do flowers bloom? |url=http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=1909 |website=UCSB Science Line |publisher=[[University of California, Santa Barbara|UC Santa Barbara]] |access-date=9 August 2019 |date=25 December 2008}}</ref> In normally snowless areas, "spring" may begin as early as February (Northern Hemisphere) or August (Southern Hemisphere), heralded by the blooming of deciduous magnolias, cherries, and quince.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lelong-Lehoang |first1=Claire |title=Flower trees – top 5 spring-blooming shrubs and trees |url=https://www.nature-and-garden.com/gardening/trees-that-bloom-in-spring.html |website=Nature & Garden |access-date=9 September 2019 |date=11 October 2019}}</ref> Many temperate areas have a dry spring, and wet autumn (fall), which brings about flowering in this season, more consistent with the need for water, as well as warmth. [[Subarctic]] areas may not experience "spring" at all until May.
Unstable spring weather may occur more often when warm air begins to invade from lower [[latitude]]s, while cold air is still pushing from the [[Polar region]]s. Flooding is also most common in and near mountainous areas during this time of year, because of snow-melt which is accelerated by warm rains. In North America, [[Tornado Alley]] is most active at this time of year, especially since the [[Rocky Mountains]] prevent the surging hot and cold air masses from spreading eastward, and instead force them into direct conflict. Besides [[tornado]]es, [[supercell|supercell thunderstorm]]s can also produce dangerously large [[hail]] and very high winds, for which a [[severe thunderstorm warning]] or [[tornado warning]] is usually issued. Even more so than in winter, the [[jet stream]]s play an important role in unstable and severe Northern Hemisphere weather in springtime.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.weather.gov/jetstream/jet|title=NWS JetStream – The Jet Stream|first=NOAA|last=US Department of Commerce|website=www.weather.gov}}</ref>
Spring in the Southern Hemisphere is different in several significant ways to that of the Northern Hemisphere for several reasons, including:
#There is no land bridge between [[Southern Hemisphere]] countries and the [[Antarctic]] zone capable of bringing in cold air without the temperature-mitigating effects of extensive tracts of water;
#The vastly greater amount of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere at most latitudes;
#There is a circumpolar flow of air (''[[Roaring Forties|the roaring 40s and 50s]]'') uninterrupted by large land masses;
#No equivalent jet streams; and
#The peculiarities of the reversing ocean currents in the Pacific.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/ElNino|title=El Niño: Pacific Wind and Current Changes Bring Warm, Wild Weather|date=14 February 2017|website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov}}</ref>
== Референце ==
{{извори}}
== Литература ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/season|title=Definition of SEASON|website=www.merriam-webster.com|access-date=27 April 2018}}
* {{Cite journal|url=http://sites.google.com/site/khavrus/public-activities/SolarEng|last=Khavrus|first=V.|title=Introduction to solar motion geometry on the basis of a simple model|year=2010|journal=Physics Education|volume=45|doi=10.1088/0031-9120/45/6/010|pages=641–653|last2=Shelevytsky|first2=I.|issue=6|bibcode=2010PhyEd..45..641K|access-date=2011-05-13|archive-date=2016-09-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916180315/https://sites.google.com/site/khavrus/public-activities/SolarEng|url-status=dead}}
* {{Cite journal|url=http://sites.google.com/site/khavrus/public-activities/seasons|last=Khavrus|first=V.|title=Geometry and the physics of seasons|year=2012|journal=Physics Education|volume=47|doi=10.1088/0031-9120/47/6/680|pages=680–692|last2=apple|first2=I.|issue=6 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2002/02jul_aphelion |title=The Distant Sun |last=Phillips |first=Tony |date=July 4, 2003 |website=[[NASA]] |access-date=April 21, 2021}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.npl.co.uk/science-technology/time-frequency/time/faqs/when-do-the-four-seasons-officially-begin-(faq-time) |title=When do the four seasons officially begin? |year=2007 |access-date=2014-10-01 |publisher=National Physical Laboratory}}
* {{cite web |url= http://www.weathersa.co.za/learning/weather-questions/82-how-are-the-dates-of-the-four-seasons-worked-out |title=How are the dates of the four seasons worked out? |publisher=South African Weather Service |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150103102127/http://www.weathersa.co.za/learning/weather-questions/82-how-are-the-dates-of-the-four-seasons-worked-out |archive-date=3 January 2015}}
* {{citation|title=Begin van de lente (Start of Spring)|publisher=KNMI (Royal Dutch Meteorology Institute)|date=2009-03-20|url=http://www.knmi.nl/cms/content/22141/begin_van_de_lente|format=Dutch|access-date=2009-03-20|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327085605/http://www.knmi.nl/cms/content/22141/begin_van_de_lente|archive-date=2009-03-27}}
* {{Cite web |url=http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/austn-weather-and-the-seasons |title=Australian weather and the seasons |access-date=2012-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021091448/http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/austn-weather-and-the-seasons |archive-date=2012-10-21 |url-status=dead }}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.wildland.com/destinations/south-america/argentina/seasonsclimate.aspx|title=Details - Argentina - Seasons & Climate|website=www.wildland.com|access-date=27 April 2018}}
* {{Cite web|url=http://imd.gov.in/section/nhac/wxfaq.pdf|title=FAQ|website=India Meteorological Department|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231045616/http://imd.gov.in/section/nhac/wxfaq.pdf |archive-date=2019-12-31 |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite journal |author1-link=Jean Meeus |last1=Meeus |first1=J. |last2=Savoie |first2=D. |date=1992 |title=The history of the tropical year |journal=Journal of the British Astronomical Association |volume=102 |issue=1 |pages=40–42 |bibcode=1992JBAA..102...40M }}
* {{cite news |last1=Deguara |first1=Brittney |title=When does winter officially start in New Zealand? |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/113038178/when-does-winter-officially-start-in-new-zealand |access-date=4 October 2020 |work=Stuff |date=27 May 2019 |language=en}}
* {{cite web|url=http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/EarthSeasons.php|title=Earth's Seasons|publisher=The United States Naval Observatory (USNO)|date=September 21, 2015|website=Astronomical Applications Department|access-date=June 23, 2017}}
{{refend}}
== Спољашње везе ==
{{категорија на Остави|Spring}}
*[http://hea-www.harvard.edu/ECT/Words/#spring Word Lore]
*[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Spring&searchmode=term Online Etymology Dictionary]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120315161510/http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=spring1 Glossary of Meteorology]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110707155142/http://www.archaeoastronomy.com/2011.shtml Solstice, Equinox & Cross-Quarter Moments for 2011 and other years, for several time zones]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071013000301/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/EarthSeasons.php Earth's Seasons, Equinoxes, Solstices, Perihelion, and Aphelion, 2000–2020] (from the [[United States Naval Observatory]]'s Astronomical Applications Department)
*[http://www.archaeoastronomy.com/seasons.html Seasons and Seasonal Cusps as Pagan and Religious Holidays] (from [http://www.archaeoastronomy.com/index.shtml Archaeoastronomy])
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/4767522.stm What day does spring start?] (BBC, UK News Magazine)
*[https://www.usanpn.org/data/phenology_maps Status of Spring] – Maps of Spring Leaf and Bloom Indices for the United States
*{{cite web |last=Tunno |first=Bianca Barr |title=What's the difference between meteorological and astronomical spring? |website=AccuWeather |url=https://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/whats-the-difference-between-meteorological-and-astronomical-spring/335725 |accessdate=1 March 2020}}
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