Интерференција — разлика између измена
Садржај обрисан Садржај додат
Нема описа измене |
Нема описа измене |
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Ред 4:
У комуникацији, појам означава измене и сметње у поруци која путује између пошиљаоца и примаоца. У [[психологија|психологији]], [[процес]] проактивног и ретроактивног заборављања услед жеље [[особа|особе]] да заборави.
== Mechanism ==
[[Image:Two sources interference.gif|right|frame|Interference of waves from two point sources.]]
The [[superposition principle#Wave interference|principle of superposition of waves]] states that when two or more waves are incident on the same point, the total displacement at that point is equal to the [[vector sum]] of the displacements of the individual waves. If a [[Crest (physics)|crest]] of a wave meets a crest of another wave of the same frequency at the same point, then the [[magnitude (mathematics)|magnitude]] of the displacement is the sum of the individual magnitudes – this is constructive interference. If a crest of one wave meets a trough of another wave then the magnitude of the displacements is equal to the difference in the individual magnitudes – this is known as destructive interference.
{|
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| combined <br/> waveform
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" | [[Image:Interference of two waves.svg]]
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| wave 1
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| wave 2
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| <br/>
| Constructive interference
| Destructive interference
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Constructive interference occurs when the [[Phase (waves)|phase]] difference between the waves is a multiple of 2π, whereas destructive interference occurs when the difference is π, 3π, 5π, etc. If the difference between the phases is intermediate between these two extremes, then the magnitude of the displacement of the summed waves lies between the minimum and maximum values.
Consider, for example, what happens when two identical stones are dropped into a still pool of water at different locations. Each stone generates a circular wave propagating outwards from the point where the stones were dropped. When the two waves overlap, the net displacement at a particular point is the sum of the displacements of the individual waves. At some points, these will be in phase, and will produce a maximum displacement. In other places, the waves will be in anti-phase, and there will be no net displacement at these points. Thus, parts of the surface will be stationary—these are seen in the figure above and to the right as stationary blue-green lines radiating from the centre.
{{РСР}}
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