CX3CL1

Hemokin (C-X3-C motiv) ligand 1
Hemokin (C-X3-C motiv) ligand 1
Dostupne strukture
	1b2t, 1f2l
Identifikatori
Simboli	CX3CL1; NTN; ABCD-3; C3Xkine; CXC3; CXC3C; NTT; SCYD1; fractalkine; neurotactin
Vanjski ID	OMIM: 601880 MGI: 1097153 HomoloGene: 2251 GeneCards: CX3CL1 Gene
Ontologija gena
Molekularna funkcija	• aktivnost hemokina;
Celularna komponenta	• ekstracelularni region; • ekstracelularni prostor; • ćelijska površina; • membrana; • integralno sa membranom plazme;
Biološki proces	• odbrambeni odgovor; • imunski odgovor; • ćelijska adhezija; • citokin i hemokin posredovani signalni put; • leukocit hemotaksa; • pozitivna regulacija inflamatornog odgovora; • leukocitna adhezivna aktivacija; • pozitivna regulacija kalcijum-nezavisne interćelijske adhezije;
Pregled RNK izražavanja
	podaci
Ortolozi
Vrsta	Čovek
Entrez	6376
Ensembl	ENSG00000006210
UniProt	P78423
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002996
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002987
Lokacija (UCSC)	Chr 16:; 55.96 - 55.98 Mb
PubMed pretraga	[1]

CX3CL1, hemokin (C-X3-C motiv) ligand 1, je veliki citokin protein sa 373 aminokiseline. On sadrži više domena. Ovo je jedini član CX₃C hemokin familije. On je poznat pod imenima fraktalkin (kod ljudi) i neurotaktin (kod miševa).^[1]^[2] Polipeptidna struktura CXC3L1 se razlikuje od tipične strukture drugih hemokina. Na primer, razmak između karakterističnih N-terminalnih cisteina je različit; postoje tri aminokiseline između inicijalnog para cisteina u CX3CL1, koji se ne javljaju u CC hemokinima. Postoji samo jedna aminokiselina u tom segmentu CXC hemokina. CX3CL1 se proizvodi kao dugački protein (sa 373 aminokiseline kod ljudi) sa produženim poput mucina stablom i hemokin domenom na vrhu. Mucinu-slično stablo dozvoljava mu da se veže na površinu pojedinih ćelija. Rastvorna (90 kD) verzija ovog hemokina takođe je bila primećena. Rastvorni CX3CL1 je potencijalni hemoatraktant T ćelija i monocita, dok hemokin vezan za ćeliju promoviše snažnu adheziju leukocita na aktivirane endotelne ćelije, gde je on prvenstveno izražen.^[2] CX3CL1 izaziva svoje adhezivne i migratorne funkcije putem interakcija sa hemokin receptorom CX3CR1.^[3] Njegov gene je lociran na ljudskom hromozom 16 zajedno sa nekim CC hemokinima poznatim kao CCL17 i CCL22.^[2]^[4]^[5]

Reference уреди

^ Pan; et al. (1997). „Neurotactin, a membrane-anchored chemokine upregulated in brain inflammation”. Nature. 387: 611—617.
^ ^а ^б ^в Bazan; et al. (1997). „A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif”. Nature. 385: 640—644.
^ Imai; et al. (1997). „Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates both leukocyte migration and adhesion”. Cell. 91: 521—530.
^ Nomiyama; et al. (1998). „Human chemokines fractalkine (SCYD1), MDC (SCYA22) and TARC (SCYA17) are clustered on chromosome 16q13. Cytogenet”. Cell Genet. 81: 10—11.
^ Mire-Sluis, Anthony R.; Thorpe, Robin, ур. (1998). Cytokines (Handbook of Immunopharmacology). Boston: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-498340-5.

Literatura уреди

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Umehara H; Tanaka M; Sawaki T; et al. (2006). „Fractalkine in rheumatoid arthritis and allied conditions.”. Mod Rheumatol. 16 (3): 124—30. PMID 16767549. doi:10.1007/s10165-006-0471-9.
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Pan Y; Lloyd C; Zhou H; et al. (1997). „Neurotactin, a membrane-anchored chemokine upregulated in brain inflammation.”. Nature. 387 (6633): 611—7. PMID 9177350. doi:10.1038/42491.
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Imai T; Hieshima K; Haskell C; et al. (1997). „Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates both leukocyte migration and adhesion.”. Cell. 91 (4): 521—30. PMID 9390561. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80438-9.
Nomiyama H; Imai T; Kusuda J; et al. (1998). „Human chemokines fractalkine (SCYD1), MDC (SCYA22) and TARC (SCYA17) are clustered on chromosome 16q13.”. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 81 (1): 10—1. PMID 9691168. doi:10.1159/000015000.
Combadiere C; Salzwedel K; Smith ED; et al. (1998). „Identification of CX3CR1. A chemotactic receptor for the human CX3C chemokine fractalkine and a fusion coreceptor for HIV-1.”. J. Biol. Chem. 273 (37): 23799—804. PMID 9726990. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.37.23799.
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Mizoue LS, Bazan JF, Johnson EC, Handel TM (1999). „Solution structure and dynamics of the CX3C chemokine domain of fractalkine and its interaction with an N-terminal fragment of CX3CR1.”. Biochemistry. 38 (5): 1402—14. PMID 9931005. doi:10.1021/bi9820614.
Papadopoulos EJ; Sassetti C; Saeki H; et al. (1999). „Fractalkine, a CX3C chemokine, is expressed by dendritic cells and is up-regulated upon dendritic cell maturation.”. Eur. J. Immunol. 29 (8): 2551—9. PMID 10458770. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199908)29:08<2551::AID-IMMU2551>3.0.CO;2-T.
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Faure S; Meyer L; Costagliola D; et al. (2000). „Rapid progression to AIDS in HIV+ individuals with a structural variant of the chemokine receptor CX3CR1.”. Science. 287 (5461): 2274—7. PMID 10731151. doi:10.1126/science.287.5461.2274.
Hoover DM, Mizoue LS, Handel TM, Lubkowski J (2000). „The crystal structure of the chemokine domain of fractalkine shows a novel quaternary arrangement.”. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (30): 23187—93. PMID 10770945. doi:10.1074/jbc.M002584200.
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Papadopoulos EJ; Fitzhugh DJ; Tkaczyk C; et al. (2000). „Mast cells migrate, but do not degranulate, in response to fractalkine, a membrane-bound chemokine expressed constitutively in diverse cells of the skin.”. Eur. J. Immunol. 30 (8): 2355—61. PMID 10940926. doi:10.1002/1521-4141(2000)30:8<2355::AID-IMMU2355>3.0.CO;2-#.
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[1] Pan; et al. (1997). „Neurotactin, a membrane-anchored chemokine upregulated in brain inflammation”. Nature. 387: 611—617.

[bazan-2] а ^б ^в Bazan; et al. (1997). „A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif”. Nature. 385: 640—644.

[3] Imai; et al. (1997). „Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates both leukocyte migration and adhesion”. Cell. 91: 521—530.

[4] Nomiyama; et al. (1998). „Human chemokines fractalkine (SCYD1), MDC (SCYA22) and TARC (SCYA17) are clustered on chromosome 16q13. Cytogenet”. Cell Genet. 81: 10—11.

[5] Mire-Sluis, Anthony R.; Thorpe, Robin, ур. (1998). Cytokines (Handbook of Immunopharmacology). Boston: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-498340-5.

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