Википедија

Морски анђео

Clione limacina, poznat još kao goli morski leptir, morski anđeo, i plavi morski puž, nastanjuje dubine do 500m.[2][3] Živi u Severnom Ledenom okeanu i hladnim regijama na severu Tihog i Atlantskog okeana. Prvi put ga je opisao Martenz 1676. godine.[4]

Morski anđeo
Clione limacina
Naučna klasifikacija uredi
Domen: Eukaryota
Carstvo: Animalia
Tip: Mollusca
Klasa: Gastropoda
Kladus: Heterobranchia
Kladus: Euthyneura
Kladus: Euopisthobranchia
Porodica: Clionidae
Rod: Clione
Vrsta:
C. limacina
Binomno ime
Clione limacina
(Phipps, 1774)[1]
Sinonimi[2]
  • Clio borealis (Pallas, 1774)
  • Trichocyclus dumerilii Eschscholtz, 1825
Clione limacina

Opis uredi

Postoje dve podvrste koje se razlikuju po dužini tela:

  • Severna podvrsta živi u hladnim vodama, obično raste do dužine od 3 cm, ali može dostići i dužinu od 7 do 8,5 cm;[5][6]
  • Južna podvrsta, dužine 1,2 cm.[5]

Neurobiologija ovog pteropoda je proučavana do detalja.

Ekologija uredi

Clione limacina naseljava epipelagijalne i mezopelagijalne prostore u moru.[7]

Životni ciklus uredi

U Svalbardu, životni ciklus Clione limacina traje najmanje 2 godine. Hermafrodit je i na osnovu zapažanja je dodatno utvrđeno da je istovremeni hermafrodit. Pari se za vreme proleća i leta, a veličina jaja je oko 0,12 mm.

Clione limacina je meta životinja koje se hrane planktonima, kao što su kitovi, što je dovelo da ga mornari imenuju "hranom za kitove". Takođe se i neke druge vrste riba hrane njom. Na primer, losos(Oncorhynchus keta), je glavni predator morskog anđela.

Reference uredi

  1. ^ Phipps, C.J., 1774. A voyage towards the North Pole undertaken by His Majesty's Command 1773 : i–viii, 1–253
  2. ^ a b Gofas, S. (2012). Clione limacina. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=139178 on 2012-07-23
  3. ^ Lalli C. M. & Gilmer R. W. (1989). Pelagic Snails. The biology of holoplanktonic gastropod molluscs. Stanford University Press: Stanford, California. page 188.
  4. ^ Spitzbergiscbe oder grönlandische Reisebeschreibung, p. 189, p1. P. fig. f.
  5. ^ a b Böer M., Gannefors C., Kattner G., Graeve M., Hop H. & Falk-Petersen S. (2005). "The Arctic pteropod Clione limacina: seasonal lipid dynamics and life-strategy". Marine Biology 147(3): 707-717. Böer, Marco; Gannefors, Charlotte; Kattner, Gerhard; Graeve, Martin; Hop, Haakon; Falk-Petersen, Stig (2005). „The Arctic pteropod Clione limacina: Seasonal lipid dynamics and life-strategy”. Marine Biology. 147 (3): 707—717. S2CID 54050600. doi:10.1007/s00227-005-1607-8. 
  6. ^ Kallevik, I.H.F. (2013). Alternative prey choice in the pteropod Clione limacina (Gastropoda) studied by DNA-based methods. Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (4. mart 2016) Biology Field of study - Arctic Marine Ecology and Resource Biology. Bio-3950 (60 ECT). The University Center in Svalbard.
  7. ^ Gofas, S. (2011). Clione limacina. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=139178 on 2011-01-29

Further reading uredi

  • Boas J. E. V. (1888). "Spolia Atlantica. Bidrag til Pteropodernes. Morfologi og Systematik samt til Kundskaben om deres geografiski Udbredelse". Det Kongelige Danske videnskabernes selskabs skrifter. København, serie 6, number 4: 1-231. Pages 162-166. Plate 7, figure 101-103.
  • Abbott, R.T. (1974). American Seashells. 2nd ed. Van Nostrand Reinhold: New York, NY (USA). 663 pp
  • Backeljau, T. (1986). Lijst van de recente mariene mollusken van België [List of the recent marine molluscs of Belgium]. Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen: Brussels, Belgium. 106 pp.
  • Conover R. J. & Lalli C. M. (1972). "Feeding and growth in Clione limacina (Phipps), a pteropod mollusc". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 9(3): 279-302. Conover, R.J.; Lalli, C.M. (1972). „Feeding and growth in Clione limacina (Phipps), a pteropod mollusc”. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 9 (3): 279—302. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(72)90038-X. .
  • Falk-Petersen S., Sargent J. R., Kwasniewski S., Gulliksen B. & Millar R.-M. (2001). "Lipids and fatty acids in Clione limacina and Limacina helicina in Svalbard waters and the Arctic Ocean: trophic implications". Polar Biology 24(3): 163-170. Falk-Petersen, Stig; Sargent, John R.; Kwasniewski, Slawomir; Gulliksen, Bjørn; Millar, Rose-Mary (2001). „Lipids and fatty acids in Clione limacina and Limacina helicina in Svalbard waters and the Arctic Ocean: Trophic implications”. Polar Biology. 24 (3): 163—170. S2CID 1665923. doi:10.1007/s003000000190. .
  • Gilmer R. W. & Lalli C. M. (1990). "Bipolar variation in Clione, a gymnosomatous pteropod". Am. Malacol. Union Bull. 8(1): 67-75.
  • Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
  • Gosliner T.. Nudibranchs of southern Africa: A guide to Opisthobranch molluscs of southern Africa. Sea Challengers, Monterey. 1987. ISBN 978-0-930118-13-6.
  • Gosner, K.L. 1971. Guide to identification of marine and estuarine invertebrates: Cape Hatteras to the Bay of Fundy. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 693 p.
  • Hermans C. O. & Satterlie R. A. (1992). "Fast-Strike Feeding Behaviour in a Pteropod Mollusk, Clione limacina Phipps". The Biological bulletin, Marine Biological Laboratory, 182: 1-7.
  • Linkletter, L.E. 1977. A checklist of marine fauna and flora of the Bay of Fundy. Huntsman Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, N.B. 68 p.
  • Morton J. E. (1958). "Observations on the gymnosomatous pteropod Clione limacina (Phipps)". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 37: 287-297.
  • Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp.
  • Thomas, M.L.H. (ed.). 1983. Marine and coastal systems of the Quoddy Region, New Brunswick. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64. 306 p.
  • Trott, T.J. 2004. Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. Northeastern Naturalist (Special Issue 2): 261 - 324.
  • Rosenthal, J. J. C.; Seibel, B. A.; Dymowska, A.; Bezanilla, F. (2009). „Trade-off between aerobic capacity and locomotor capability in an Antarctic pteropod”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (15): 6192—6196. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.6192R. PMC 2669364  . PMID 19325127. doi:10.1073/pnas.0901321106  . 
  • Turgeon, D.D., et al. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates of the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26

Spoljašnje veze uredi

 
Morski anđeo na Vikimedijinoj ostavi.
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