Ševe
Ševe (lat. Alaudidae) su porodica ptica pevačica, koja naseljava Stari svet i severnu i istočnu Australiju, a vrsta planinska ušata ševa (Eremophila alpestris) naseljava i Severnu Ameriku. Ševe naseljavaju različita staništa, ali većina vrsta živi u sušnim regionima.
Ševe | |
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Poljska ševa (Alauda arvensis) | |
Naučna klasifikacija | |
Carstvo: | |
Tip: | |
Klasa: | |
Red: | |
Podred: | |
Porodica: | Alaudidae
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Rodovi | |
vidi odeljak Sistematika |
Opis uredi
Ševe (Alaudidae) su ptice male ili srednje veličine 12—24 cm dužine i 15—75 grama težine.
U kulturi uredi
Ševe kao hrana uredi
Meso ševa se koristi za pripremu velikog broja jela, na primer, ono se može kuvati ili koristiti kao nadev za pite od mesa. Jezici ševa su bili posebno cenjeni. U moderno vreme, zbog smanjenja staništa meso ševa se teško nalazi, ali se može pronaći u restoranima u Italiji ili u drugim krajevima južne Evrope.[1]
Kućni ljubimac uredi
U Kini, ševe se tradicionalno čuvaju kao kućni ljubimci. Stanovnici Pekinga ševe uče da oponašaju glasove drugih ptica pevačica i životinja. U skladu sa svojom tradicijom ševe obučavaju da oponašaju 13 različitih zvukova u strogom redu (tzv. „13 pesama ševa”, kineske: 百灵十三套). Ševe koje nauče da otpevaju svih 13 zvukova u tačnom redosledu su veoma cenjene, dok bilo koja greška umanjuje njihovu vrednost.
Sistematika uredi
Postoji dvadeset jedan živući i jedan izumrli rod porodice ševa (Alaudidae):[2]
- Rod Alaemon
- Krivokljuna ševa
(Alaemon alaudipes) - Alaemon hamertoni
- Krivokljuna ševa
- Rod Chersomanes
- Rod Ammomanopsis
- Rod Certhilauda
- Rod Pinarocorys
- Rod Ramphocoris
- Debelokljuna ševa
(Rhamphocoris clotbey)
- Debelokljuna ševa
- Rod Ammomanes
- Pustinjska ševa
(Ammomanes deserti) - Crnorepa mala ševa
(Ammomanes cinctura) - Ammomanes phoenicura
- Pustinjska ševa
- Rod Eremopterix
- Eremopterix australis
- Eremopterix hova
- Ševa vrapčarka
(Eremopterix nigriceps) - Eremopterix leucotis
- Eremopterix griseus
- Eremopterix signatus
- Sivoleđa zebolika ševa
(Eremopterix verticalis) - Eremopterix leucopareia
- Rod Calendulauda
- Rod Heteromirafra
- Rod Mirafra
- Mirafra fasciolata
- Mirafra apiata
- Mirafra hypermetra
- Mirafra africana
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea
- Mirafra angolensis
- Mirafra williamsi
- Mirafra passerina
- Mirafra cheniana
- Mirafra javanica
- Mirafra cantillans
- Mirafra microptera
- Mirafra assamica
- Mirafra erythrocephala
- Mirafra erythroptera
- Mirafra affinis
- Mirafra gilletti
- Mirafra rufa
- Mirafra collaris
- Mirafra ashi
- Mirafra somalica
- Mirafra pulpa
- Mirafra cordofanica
- Mirafra albicauda
- Rod Lullula
- Šumska ševa
(Lullula arborea) - Lullula balcanica †
- Lullula slivnicensis †
- Lullula minor †
- Lullula parva †
- Lullula minuscula †
- Lullula neogradensis †
- Šumska ševa
- Rod Spizocorys
- Rod Alauda
- Belokrila ševa
(Alauda leucoptera) - Alauda razae
- Istočna poljska ševa
(Alauda gulgula) - Poljska ševa
(Alauda arvensis) - Istočna mala ševa
(Alaudala rufescens) - Alauda xerarvensis †
- Alauda tivadari †
- Belokrila ševa
- Rod Galerida
- Galerida deva
- Galerida modesta
- Galerida magnirostris
- Zapadna ćubasta ševa
(Galerida theklae) - Ćubasta ševa
(Galerida cristata) - Galerida malabarica
- Galerida macrorhyncha
- †Galerida bulgarica
- †Galerida pannonica
- Rod Eremophila
- Planinska ušata ševa
(Eremophila alpestris) - Pustinjska ušata ševa
(Eremophila bilopha) - Eremophila prealpestris †
- Planinska ušata ševa
- Rod Calandrella
- Hjumova mala ševa
(Calandrella acutirostris) - Calandrella dukhunensis
- Calandrella erlangeri
- Calandrella blanfordi
- Calandrella cinerea
- Mala ševa ili kratkoprsta ševa
(Calandrella brachydactyla) - Calandrella gali †
- Hjumova mala ševa
- Rod Melanocorypha
- Velika ševa
(Melanocorypha calandra) - Azijska velika ševa
(Melanocorypha bimaculata) - Melanocorypha maxima
- Melanocorypha mongolica
- Crna ševa
(Melanocorypha yeltoniensis)
- Velika ševa
- Rod Chersophilus
- Dugokljuna ševa
(Chersophilus duponti)
- Dugokljuna ševa
- Rod Eremalauda
- Pustinjska ševica
(Eremalauda dunni)
- Pustinjska ševica
- Rod Alaudala
- Alaudala rufescens
- Azijska mala ševa
(Alaudala cheleensis) - Alaudala raytal
- Alaudala somalica
- Rod Eremarida †
Podvrste uredi
- Alaemon alaudipes alaudipes (Desfontaines, 1789)
- Alaemon alaudipes boavistae Hartert, 1917
- Alaemon alaudipes desertorum (Stanley, 1814)
- Alaemon alaudipes doriae (Salvadori, 1868)
- Alaemon hamertoni alter Witherby, 1905
- Alaemon hamertoni hamertoni Witherby, 1905
- Alaemon hamertoni tertius S. Clarke, 1919
- Alauda arvensis armenica Bogdanov, 1879
- Alauda arvensis arvensis Linnaeus, 1758
- Alauda arvensis cantarella Bonaparte, 1850
- Alauda arvensis dulcivox Hume, 1872
- Alauda arvensis harterti Whitaker, 1904
- Alauda arvensis intermedia Swinhoe, 1863
- Alauda arvensis japonica Temminck & Schlegel, 1848
- Alauda arvensis kiborti Zaliesski, 1917
- Alauda arvensis lonnbergi Hachisuka, 1926
- Alauda arvensis pekinensis Swinhoe, 1863
- Alauda arvensis sierrae Weigold, 1913
- Alauda gulgula australis W. E. Brooks, 1873
- Alauda gulgula coelivox Swinhoe, 1859
- Alauda gulgula dharmakumarsinhjii Abdulali, 1976
- Alauda gulgula gulgula Franklin, 1831
- Alauda gulgula herberti Hartert, 1923
- Alauda gulgula inconspicua Severtzov, 1873
- Alauda gulgula inopinata Bianchi, 1904
- Alauda gulgula lhamarum Meinertzhagen & A. Meinertzhagen, 1926
- Alauda gulgula sala Swinhoe, 1870
- Alauda gulgula vernayi Mayr, 1941
- Alauda gulgula wattersi Swinhoe, 1871
- Alauda gulgula weigoldi Hartert, 1922
- Alauda gulgula wolfei Hachisuka, 1930
- Ammomanes cinctura arenicolor (Sundevall, 1850)
- Ammomanes cinctura cinctura (Gould, 1839)
- Ammomanes cinctura zarudnyi Hartert, 1902
- Ammomanes deserti akeleyi Elliot, 1897
- Ammomanes deserti algeriensis Sharpe, 1890
- Ammomanes deserti annae Meinertzhagen, 1923
- Ammomanes deserti assabensis Salvadori, 1902
- Ammomanes deserti azizi Ticehurst & Cheesman, 1924
- Ammomanes deserti cheesmani Meinertzhagen, 1923
- Ammomanes deserti coxi Meinertzhagen, 1923
- Ammomanes deserti darica Koelz, 1951
- Ammomanes deserti deserti (Lichtenstein, 1823)
- Ammomanes deserti erythrochroa Reichenow, 1904
- Ammomanes deserti geyri Hartert, 1924
- Ammomanes deserti insularis Ripley, 1951
- Ammomanes deserti iranica Zarudny, 1911
- Ammomanes deserti isabellina (Temminck, 1823)
- Ammomanes deserti kollmannspergeri Niethammer, 1955
- Ammomanes deserti mya Hartert, 1912
- Ammomanes deserti orientalis Zarudny & Loudon, 1904
- Ammomanes deserti parvirostris Hartert, 1890
- Ammomanes deserti payni Hartert, 1924
- Ammomanes deserti phoenicuroides (Blyth, 1853)
- Ammomanes deserti samharensis Shelley, 1902
- Ammomanes deserti saturata Ogilvie-Grant, 1900
- Ammomanes deserti taimuri Meyer de Schauensee & Ripley, 1953
- Ammomanes deserti whitakeri Hartert, 1911
- Ammomanes phoenicura phoenicura (Franklin, 1831)
- Ammomanes phoenicura testacea Koelz, 1951
- Ammomanopsis grayi grayi (Wahlberg, 1855)
- Ammomanopsis grayi hoeschi (Niethammer, 1955)
- Calandrella acutirostris acutirostris Hume, 1873
- Calandrella acutirostris tibetana W. E. Brooks, 1880
- Calandrella blanfordi blanfordi (Shelley, 1902)
- Calandrella blanfordi daaroodensis C. M. N. White, 1960
- Calandrella blanfordi eremica (Reichenow & J. L. Peters, 1932)
- Calandrella brachydactyla artemisiana Banjkowski, 1913
- Calandrella brachydactyla brachydactyla (Leisler, 1814)
- Calandrella brachydactyla dukhunensis (Sykes, 1832)
- Calandrella brachydactyla hermonensis Tristram, 1865
- Calandrella brachydactyla hungarica Horvath, 1956
- Calandrella brachydactyla longipennis (Eversmann, 1848)
- Calandrella brachydactyla orientalis Sushkin, 1925
- Calandrella brachydactyla rubiginosa Fromholz, 1913
- Calandrella brachydactyla woltersi Kumerloeve, 1969
- Calandrella cheleensis beicki Meise, 1933
- Calandrella cheleensis cheleensis (Swinhoe, 1871)
- Calandrella cheleensis kukunoorensis (Prjevalsky, 1876)
- Calandrella cheleensis leucophaea Severtzov, 1873
- Calandrella cheleensis niethammeri Kumerloeve, 1963
- Calandrella cheleensis persica (Sharpe, 1890)
- Calandrella cheleensis seebohmi (Sharpe, 1890)
- Calandrella cheleensis tuvinica Stepanyan, 1975
- Calandrella cinerea cinerea (Gmelin, 1789)
- Calandrella cinerea millardi Paterson, 1958
- Calandrella cinerea saturatior Reichenow, 1904
- Calandrella cinerea spleniata (Strickland, 1853)
- Calandrella cinerea williamsi Clancey, 1952
- Calandrella raytal adamsi (Hume, 1871)
- Calandrella raytal krishnakumarsinhji Vaurie & Dharmakumarsinhji, 1954
- Calandrella raytal raytal (Blyth, 1845)
- Calandrella rufescens apetzii (A. E. Brehm, 1857)
- Calandrella rufescens heinei (Homeyer, 1873)
- Calandrella rufescens minor (Cabanis, 1851)
- Calandrella rufescens nicolli Hartert, 1909
- Calandrella rufescens polatzeki Hartert, 1904
- Calandrella rufescens pseudobaetica Stegmann, 1932
- Calandrella rufescens rufescens (Vieillot, 1819)
- Calandrella somalica megaensis Benson, 1946
- Calandrella somalica perconfusa C. M. N. White, 1960
- Calandrella somalica somalica (Sharpe, 1895)
- Calendulauda africanoides africanoides (A. Smith, 1836)
- Calendulauda africanoides austinrobertsi (C. M. N. White, 1947)
- Calendulauda africanoides harei (Roberts, 1917)
- Calendulauda africanoides makarikari (Roberts, 1932)
- Calendulauda africanoides sarwensis (Roberts, 1932)
- Calendulauda africanoides trapnelli (C. M. N. White, 1943)
- Calendulauda africanoides vincenti (Roberts, 1938)
- Calendulauda albescens albescens (Lafresnaye, 1839)
- Calendulauda albescens codea (A. Smith, 1843)
- Calendulauda albescens guttata (Lafresnaye, 1839)
- Calendulauda alopex alopex (Sharpe, 1890)
- Calendulauda alopex intercedens (Reichenow, 1895)
- Calendulauda barlowi barlowi (Roberts, 1937)
- Calendulauda barlowi cavei (Macdonald, 1953)
- Calendulauda barlowi patae (Macdonald, 1953)
- Calendulauda sabota ansorgei (W. L. Sclater, 1926)
- Calendulauda sabota bradfieldi (Roberts, 1928)
- Calendulauda sabota herero (Roberts, 1936)
- Calendulauda sabota naevia (Strickland, 1853)
- Calendulauda sabota plebeja (Cabanis, 1875)
- Calendulauda sabota sabota (A. Smith, 1836)
- Calendulauda sabota sabotoides (Roberts, 1932)
- Calendulauda sabota suffusca (Clancey, 1958)
- Calendulauda sabota waibeli (Grote, 1922)
- Certhilauda benguelensis benguelensis (Sharpe, 1904)
- Certhilauda benguelensis kaokoensis Bradfield, 1944
- Certhilauda curvirostris curvirostris (Hermann, 1783)
- Certhilauda curvirostris falcirostris Reichenow, 1916
- Certhilauda semitorquata algida Quickelberge, 1967
- Certhilauda semitorquata semitorquata A. Smith, 1836
- Certhilauda semitorquata transvaalensis Roberts, 1936
- Certhilauda subcoronata bradshawi (Sharpe, 1904)
- Certhilauda subcoronata damarensis (Sharpe, 1904)
- Certhilauda subcoronata gilli Roberts, 1936
- Certhilauda subcoronata subcoronata A. Smith, 1843
- Chersomanes albofasciata albofasciata (Lafresnaye, 1836)
- Chersomanes albofasciata alticola Roberts, 1932
- Chersomanes albofasciata arenaria (Reichenow, 1904)
- Chersomanes albofasciata barlowi C. M. N. White, 1961
- Chersomanes albofasciata boweni (Meyer de Schauensee, 1931)
- Chersomanes albofasciata erikssoni (Hartert, 1907)
- Chersomanes albofasciata garrula (A. Smith, 1846)
- Chersomanes albofasciata kalahariae (Ogilvie-Grant, 1912)
- Chersomanes albofasciata macdonaldi (Winterbottom, 1958)
- Chersomanes albofasciata obscurata (Hartert, 1907)
- Chersophilus duponti duponti (Vieillot, 1824)
- Chersophilus duponti margaritae (Koenig, 1888)
- Eremalauda dunni dunni (Shelley, 1904)
- Eremalauda dunni eremodites (Meinertzhagen, 1923)
- Eremophila alpestris actia (Oberholser, 1902)
- Eremophila alpestris adusta (Dwight, 1890)
- Eremophila alpestris albigula (Bonaparte, 1850)
- Eremophila alpestris alpestris (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Eremophila alpestris alpina (Jewett, 1943)
- Eremophila alpestris ammophila (Oberholser, 1902)
- Eremophila alpestris aphrasta (Oberholser, 1902)
- Eremophila alpestris arcticola (Oberholser, 1902)
- Eremophila alpestris argalea (Oberholser, 1902)
- Eremophila alpestris atlas (Whitaker, 1898)
- Eremophila alpestris balcanica (Reichenow, 1895)
- Eremophila alpestris bicornis (C. L. Brehm, 1842)
- Eremophila alpestris brandti (Dresser, 1874)
- Eremophila alpestris chrysolaema (Wagler, 1831)
- Eremophila alpestris diaphora (Oberholser, 1902)
- Eremophila alpestris elwesi (Blanford, 1872)
- Eremophila alpestris enertera (Oberholser, 1907)
- Eremophila alpestris enthymia (Oberholser, 1902)
- Eremophila alpestris flava (Gmelin, 1789)
- Eremophila alpestris giraudi (Henshaw, 1884)
- Eremophila alpestris hoyti (Bishop, 1896)
- Eremophila alpestris insularis (Dwight, 1890)
- Eremophila alpestris khamensis (Bianchi, 1904)
- Eremophila alpestris kumerloevei Roselaar, 1995
- Eremophila alpestris lactea A. R. Phillips, 1970
- Eremophila alpestris lamprochroma (Oberholser, 1932)
- Eremophila alpestris leucansiptila (Oberholser, 1902)
- Eremophila alpestris leucolaema Coues, 1874
- Eremophila alpestris longirostris (Moore, 1856)
- Eremophila alpestris merrilli (Dwight, 1890)
- Eremophila alpestris nigrifrons (Prjevalsky, 1876)
- Eremophila alpestris oaxacae (Nelson, 1897)
- Eremophila alpestris occidentalis (McCall, 1851)
- Eremophila alpestris penicillata (Gould, 1838)
- Eremophila alpestris peregrina (P. L. Sclater, 1855)
- Eremophila alpestris praticola (Henshaw, 1884)
- Eremophila alpestris przewalskii (Bianchi, 1904)
- Eremophila alpestris rubea (Henshaw, 1884)
- Eremophila alpestris sierrae (Oberholser, 1920)
- Eremophila alpestris strigata (Henshaw, 1884)
- Eremophila alpestris teleschowi (Prjevalsky, 1887)
- Eremophila alpestris utahensis (Behle, 1938)
- Eremopterix leucotis hoeschi C. M. N. White, 1959
- Eremopterix leucotis leucotis (Stanley, 1814)
- Eremopterix leucotis madaraszi (Zarudny, 1902)
- Eremopterix leucotis melanocephalus (Lichtenstein, 1823)
- Eremopterix leucotis smithi (Bonaparte, 1850)
- Eremopterix nigriceps affinis (Blyth, 1867)
- Eremopterix nigriceps albifrons (Sundevall, 1850)
- Eremopterix nigriceps forbeswatsoni Ripley & G. M. Bond, 1966
- Eremopterix nigriceps melanauchen (Cabanis, 1851)
- Eremopterix nigriceps nigriceps (Gould, 1839)
- Eremopterix signatus harrisoni (Ogilvie-Grant, 1900)
- Eremopterix signatus signatus (Oustalet, 1886)
- Eremopterix verticalis damarensis Roberts, 1931
- Eremopterix verticalis harti Benson & Irwin, 1965
- Eremopterix verticalis khama Irwin, 1957
- Eremopterix verticalis verticalis (A. Smith, 1836)
- Galerida cristata alexanderi Neumann, 1908
- Galerida cristata altirostris C. L. Brehm, 1855
- Galerida cristata apuliae Von Jordans, 1935
- Galerida cristata arenicola Tristram, 1859
- Galerida cristata balsaci Dekeyser & Villiers, 1950
- Galerida cristata brachyura Tristram, 1865
- Galerida cristata carthaginis O. Kleinschmidt & Hilgert, 1905
- Galerida cristata caucasica Taczanowski, 1888
- Galerida cristata chendoola (Franklin, 1831)
- Galerida cristata cinnamomina Hartert, 1904
- Galerida cristata coreensis Taczanowski, 1888
- Galerida cristata cristata (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Galerida cristata cypriaca Bianchi, 1907
- Galerida cristata festae Hartert, 1922
- Galerida cristata halfae Nicoll, 1921
- Galerida cristata helenae Lavauden, 1926
- Galerida cristata isabellina Bonaparte, 1850
- Galerida cristata iwanowi Zarudny & Loudon, 1903
- Galerida cristata jordansi Niethammer, 1955
- Galerida cristata kleinschmidti Erlanger, 1899
- Galerida cristata leautungensis (Swinhoe, 1861)
- Galerida cristata lynesi Whistler, 1928
- Galerida cristata maculata C. L. Brehm, 1858
- Galerida cristata magna Hume, 1871
- Galerida cristata meridionalis C. L. Brehm, 1841
- Galerida cristata neumanni Hilgert, 1907
- Galerida cristata nigricans C. L. Brehm, 1855
- Galerida cristata pallida C. L. Brehm, 1858
- Galerida cristata riggenbachi Hartert, 1902
- Galerida cristata senegallensis (Statius Muller, 1776)
- Galerida cristata somaliensis Reichenow, 1907
- Galerida cristata subtaurica (Kollibay, 1912)
- Galerida cristata tenuirostris C. L. Brehm, 1858
- Galerida cristata zion Meinertzhagen, 1920
- Galerida macrorhyncha macrorhyncha Tristram, 1859
- Galerida macrorhyncha randoni Loche, 1860
- Galerida magnirostris harei (Roberts, 1924)
- Galerida magnirostris magnirostris (Stephens, 1826)
- Galerida magnirostris montivaga (Vincent, 1948)
- Galerida magnirostris sedentaria Clancey, 1993
- Galerida modesta bucolica (Hartlaub, 1887)
- Galerida modesta modesta Heuglin, 1864
- Galerida modesta nigrita (Grote, 1920)
- Galerida modesta struempelli (Reichenow, 1910)
- Galerida theklae carolinae Erlanger, 1897
- Galerida theklae ellioti Hartert, 1897
- Galerida theklae erlangeri Hartert, 1904
- Galerida theklae harrarensis Erard & Jarry, 1973
- Galerida theklae huei Erard & Naurois, 1973
- Galerida theklae huriensis Benson, 1947
- Galerida theklae mallablensis Colston, 1982
- Galerida theklae praetermissa (Blanford, 1869)
- Galerida theklae ruficolor Whitaker, 1898
- Galerida theklae superflua Hartert, 1897
- Galerida theklae theklae A. E. Brehm, 1857
- Galerida theklae theresae Meinertzhagen, 1939
- Lullula arborea arborea (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Lullula arborea pallida Zarudny, 1902
- Melanocorypha bimaculata bimaculata (Ménétriés, 1832)
- Melanocorypha bimaculata rufescens C. L. Brehm, 1855
- Melanocorypha bimaculata torquata Blyth, 1847
- Melanocorypha calandra calandra (Linnaeus, 1766)
- Melanocorypha calandra gaza Meinertzhagen, 1919
- Melanocorypha calandra hebraica Meinertzhagen, 1920
- Melanocorypha calandra psammochroa Hartert, 1904
- Melanocorypha maxima flavescens Stegmann, 1937
- Melanocorypha maxima holdereri Reichenow, 1911
- Melanocorypha maxima maxima Blyth, 1867
- Mirafra africana africana A. Smith, 1836
- Mirafra africana athi Hartert, 1900
- Mirafra africana bamendae Serle, 1959
- Mirafra africana batesi Bannerman, 1923
- Mirafra africana chapini Grant & Mackworth-Praed, 1939
- Mirafra africana ghansiensis (Roberts, 1932)
- Mirafra africana gomesi C. M. N. White, 1944
- Mirafra africana grisescens Sharpe, 1902
- Mirafra africana harterti Neumann, 1908
- Mirafra africana henrici Bates, 1930
- Mirafra africana isolata Clancey, 1956
- Mirafra africana kabalii C. M. N. White, 1943
- Mirafra africana kurrae Lynes, 1923
- Mirafra africana malbranti Chapin, 1946
- Mirafra africana nigrescens Reichenow, 1900
- Mirafra africana nyikae Benson, 1939
- Mirafra africana occidentalis (Hartlaub, 1857)
- Mirafra africana pallida Sharpe, 1902
- Mirafra africana ruwenzoria Kinnear, 1921
- Mirafra africana sharpii Elliot, 1897
- Mirafra africana stresemanni Bannerman, 1923
- Mirafra africana transvaalensis Hartert, 1900
- Mirafra africana tropicalis Hartert, 1900
- Mirafra angolensis angolensis Bocage, 1880
- Mirafra angolensis antonii B. P. Hall, 1958
- Mirafra angolensis marungensis B. P. Hall, 1958
- Mirafra apiata apiata (Vieillot, 1816)
- Mirafra apiata marjoriae Winterbottom, 1956
- Mirafra cantillans cantillans Blyth, 1845
- Mirafra cantillans chadensis Alexander, 1908
- Mirafra cantillans marginata Hawker, 1898
- Mirafra cantillans simplex (Heuglin, 1868)
- Mirafra erythroptera erythroptera Blyth, 1845
- Mirafra erythroptera sindiana Ticehurst, 1920
- Mirafra fasciolata damarensis Sharpe, 1875
- Mirafra fasciolata fasciolata (Sundevall, 1850)
- Mirafra fasciolata jappi Traylor, 1962
- Mirafra fasciolata nata Smithers, 1955
- Mirafra fasciolata reynoldsi Benson & Irwin, 1965
- Mirafra gilletti arorihensis Erard, 1976
- Mirafra gilletti degodiensis Erard, 1976
- Mirafra gilletti gilletti Sharpe, 1895
- Mirafra hypermetra gallarum Hartert, 1907
- Mirafra hypermetra hypermetra (Reichenow, 1879)
- Mirafra hypermetra kathangorensis Cave, 1940
- Mirafra hypermetra kidepoensis Macdonald, 1940
- Mirafra javanica aliena Greenway, 1935
- Mirafra javanica athertonensis Schodde & I. J. Mason, 1999
- Mirafra javanica beaulieui Delacour, 1932
- Mirafra javanica forresti Mayr & McEvey, 1960
- Mirafra javanica halli Bianchi, 1907
- Mirafra javanica horsfieldii Gould, 1847
- Mirafra javanica javanica Horsfield, 1821
- Mirafra javanica melvillensis Mathews, 1912
- Mirafra javanica mindanensis Hachisuka, 1931
- Mirafra javanica parva Swinhoe, 1871
- Mirafra javanica philippinensis R. G. W. Ramsay, 1886
- Mirafra javanica rufescens Ingram, 1906
- Mirafra javanica secunda Sharpe, 1890
- Mirafra javanica soderbergi Mathews, 1921
- Mirafra javanica timorensis Mayr, 1944
- Mirafra javanica williamsoni E. C. S. Baker, 1915
- Mirafra javanica woodwardi Milligan, 1901
- Mirafra rufa lynesi Grant & Mackworth-Praed, 1933
- Mirafra rufa nigriticola Bates, 1932
- Mirafra rufa rufa Lynes, 1920
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea buckleyi (Shelley, 1873)
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea fischeri (Reichenow, 1878)
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea furensis Lynes, 1923
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea kawirondensis Someren, 1921
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea lwenarum C. M. N. White, 1945
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea mababiensis (Roberts, 1932)
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea omoensis Neumann, 1928
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea pintoi C. M. N. White, 1956
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea rufocinnamomea (Salvadori, 1865)
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea schoutedeni C. M. N. White, 1956
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea serlei C. M. N. White, 1960
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea smithersi C. M. N. White, 1956
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea sobatensis Lynes, 1914
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea tigrina Oustalet, 1892
- Mirafra rufocinnamomea torrida Shelley, 1882
- Mirafra somalica rochei Colston, 1982
- Mirafra somalica somalica (Witherby, 1903)
- Pinarocorys nigricans nigricans (Sundevall, 1850)
- Pinarocorys nigricans occidentis Clancey, 1968
- Pseudalaemon fremantlii delamerei Sharpe, 1900
- Pseudalaemon fremantlii fremantlii (Lort Phillips, 1897)
- Pseudalaemon fremantlii megaensis Benson, 1946
- Spizocorys conirostris barlowi Roberts, 1942
- Spizocorys conirostris conirostris (Sundevall, 1850)
- Spizocorys conirostris crypta (Irwin, 1957)
- Spizocorys conirostris damarensis Roberts, 1922
- Spizocorys conirostris harti (Benson, 1964)
- Spizocorys conirostris makawai (Traylor, 1962)
- Spizocorys conirostris transiens (Clancey, 1959)
- Spizocorys personata intensa (Rothschild, 1931)
- Spizocorys personata mcchesneyi (J. G. Williams, 1957)
- Spizocorys personata personata Sharpe, 1895
- Spizocorys personata yavelloensis (Benson, 1947)
Izvori uredi
- ^ Hooper, John (17. 02. 2010).
- ^ „Nicators, reedling & larks « IOC World Bird List”. www.worldbirdnames.org. Pristupljeno 15. 11. 2016.
Literatura uredi
- „Horned Lark”. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Pristupljeno 12. 7. 2012.
- The American Ornithologists' Union (jun 1886). „The American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds”. The American Naturalist. 20 (6): 539. doi:10.1086/274272.
- „Check-list of North American Birds”. American Ornithologists' Union. 1998—2006. Arhivirano iz originala 15. 3. 2008. g. Pristupljeno 24. 6. 2008.
- Baine, Rodney M.; Baine, Mary R. (1986). The scattered portions: William Blake's biological symbolism. str. 70. ISBN 978-0-935265-10-1. Pristupljeno 27. 2. 2012.
- Benson, Larry D. (1988). The Riverside Chaucer. Oxford: Oxford University Press. str. 45. ISBN 978-0-19-282109-6.
- Cadogan, Jeanne K. (2000). Domenico Ghirlandaio: artist and artisan. Yale University Press. str. 215. ISBN 978-0-300-08720-8. Pristupljeno 27. 2. 2012.
- Jin, Shoushen (2005). 金受申讲北京. Beijing: Beijing Press. ISBN 9787200057935.
- Stevens, Anthony (2001). Ariadne's Clue: A Guide to the Symbols of Humankind. Princeton University Press. str. 363. ISBN 978-0-691-08661-3. Pristupljeno 27. 2. 2012.
- Sylvester, Louise; Roberts, Jane Annette (2000). Middle English word studies: a word and author index. Boydell & Brewer. str. 17. ISBN 978-0-85991-606-6. Pristupljeno 27. 2. 2012.
- Meinertzhagen, R. (1951). „Review of the Alaudidae”. Journal of Zoology. 121 (1): 81—132. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1951.tb00739.x.
Spoljašnje veze uredi
- Lark videos, photos and sounds Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (14. март 2016) - Internet Bird Collection