Paradoks nihilizma

Paradoks nihilizma / nihilistički paradoks je naziv za nekoliko paradoksa.

Značenje uredi

Prema Hegartiju, paradoks nihilizma je da je „odsustvo smisla izgleda neka vrsta smisla [značenje]”.^[1]

Istina uredi

Niklas Luman tumači paradoks izjavom da „posledično, samo neistinito bi moglo da bude istinito”.^[2] U fusnoti u svojoj doktorskoj tezi, Slokomb izjednačava nihilizam sa paradoksom lažljivca.^[3]

Religija uredi

Rivas locira paradoks u „konzervativnom stanovištu rimokatolicizma” razvijenom u reakciji na ničeovski nihilizam, u kojem se „izdaje forma nihilizma, a to je prisilni zaborav stvarne dvosmislenosti i paradoks koji avizira razliku između sekularnog i svetog”.^[4]

Kritička pravna teorija uredi

U teoriji kritičkih pravnih studija (CLS), argumenti korišćeni za kritikovanje centrističke pozicije takođe potkopavaju poziciju CLS.^[5]

Etika uredi

Prema Joni Bornemarku, „paradoks nihilizma je izbor da pojedinac nastavi svoj život u isto vreme izjavljujući da nije vredan više od ijednog drugog života”.^[6] Ričard Ijan Rajt vidi relativizam kao koren nihilističkog paradoksa.^[7]

Vidi još uredi

Paradoks dede

Reference uredi

^ Hegarty, Paul (2006). „Noise Music” (PDF). The Semiotic Review of Books. 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada P7B 5E1: Department of Sociology, Lakehead University. 16 (1—2): 18. ISSN 0847-1622. Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 31. 7. 2017. g. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „'Failure/impossibility: noise is only ever defined against something else, operating in the absence of meaning, but caught in the paradox of nihilism – that the absence of meaning seems to be some sort of meaning.”
^
Luhmann, Niklas (1. 2. 2002). „2 The Modernity of Science”. Ur.: Rasch, William; Bal, Mieke; De Vries, Hent. Theories of Distinction: Redescribing the Descriptions of Modernity. Cultural memory in the present. Rasch, William (uvod); O'Neil, Joseph; Schreiber, Elliott; Behnke, Kerstin; Whobrey, William (prevod). Stanford University Press. str. 64. ISBN 978-0-8047-4123-1. OCLC 318368737. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „... the loss of reference had to appear as a loss of truth, resulting in the paradox of “nihilism,” which states that consequently only the untrue could be truth.”
Citirano poglavlje je originalno objavljeno kao:
- Luhmann, Niklas; Behnke, Kerstin (zima 1994). Oppenheimer, Andrew, ur. „The Modernity of Science”. New German Critique. New York: TELOS Press (61 Special Issue on Niklas Luhmann): 9—23. ISSN 1558-1462. JSTOR 488618. OCLC 50709608.
Postoji recenzija knjige iz 2002 na sajtu cjsonline.ca.
'^ Slocombe, Will (septembar 2003). „Postmodern Nihilism: Theory and Literature”. PhD theses from Aberystwyth University. University of Wales Aberystwyth: 154. hdl:2160/267. „There is no truth' is not inherently paradoxical. If it is considered true, then it creates a paradox because it is therefore false. However, if it is considered false, then no such paradox exists. Therefore, it is only when considered true that it creates a paradox, in much the same way as critics suggest that nihilism must be invalid for this very reason. Having now introduced this stronger formulation of nihilism, from this point on nihilism can be considered equivalent to the statement that 'This sentence is not true'. [ft. 110]”
Revidirana verzija je izdata kao:
- Slocombe, Will (2006). Nihilism and the Sublime Postmodern : The (Hi)Story of a Difficult Relationship From Romanticism to Postmodernism. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-97529-2. OCLC 62281496. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017.
^ Rivas, Virgilio Aquino (2008). „The Role of the Church in the Politics of Social Transformation: The Paradox of Nihilism” (PDF). Politikologija religije. 11000 Beograd: Centar za proučavanje religije i versku toleranciju /27. mart 1995/. II (2): 53—77. ISSN 1820-659X. Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 15. 7. 2011. g. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „conservative attitude of Roman Catholicism [...] betrays a form of nihilism, that is, the forced oblivion of the real ambiguity and the paradox that inform the distinction between the secular and the sacred”
^
Belliotti, Raymond A. (1987). „Critical legal studies: The paradoxes of indeterminacy and nihilism”. Philosophy & Social Criticism. 13 (2): 145—154. doi:10.1177/019145378701300203. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „... Critical Legal Studies Movement (CLS) ... CLS' view generates a "paradox of nihilism" which CLS has recognized and tried unsuccessfully to resolve.”
Takođe pogledajte:
- Belliotti, Raymond A. (25. 1. 1994). Justifying Law: The Debate Over Foundations, Goals, and Methods. Temple University Press. str. 169. ISBN 978-1-56639-203-7. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „The argument supporting CLS' attack on centrist ideology, adhering as it does to social contingency, jurisprudential indeterminacy, and pervasive conditionality flowing from the fundamental contradiction, seems to preclude CLS from establishing a normative justification for its own vision. CLS' critical attack seems to cut the heart from all efforts to provide non-question-begging adjudication of epistemological and moral truth claims. This nihilistic paradox, in which CLS' critical attack is so extreme that it prohibits CLS from constructing persuasively its own alternative vision, ...”
^ Bornemark, Jonna (2006). „Limit-situation: Antinomies and Transcendence in Karl Jaspers' Philosophy”. Sats – Nordic Journal of Philosophy. 7 (2): 64. ISSN 1600-1974. Arhivirano iz originala 05. 03. 2012. g. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017 — preko Academia.edu. „the paradox of nihilism is the choice to continue one's own life while at the same time stating that it is not worth more than any other life”
^ Wright, Richard Ian (april 1994). „The Dream of Enlightenment: An Essay on the Promise of Reason and Freedom in Modernity”. University of British Columbia: 97. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „But essentially these values can be negated by extending the same critical methods which Marx uses to negate earlier philosophical idealism and liberal bourgeois ideology. In other words, from a Nietzschean perspective, Marx's foundational principles are not sufficient to defend his humanistic values. Thus it can be argued that they still maintain the residue of the Christian ethics and Platonic metaphysics which have permeated western thought for several thousand years and which continue to provide modem thinkers with many of their illusory presuppositions. Nevertheless, one is justified in asking: Without such presuppositions, does not the critique of law, politics, or "this earth" lose its ultimate justification or meaning? How can one critique laws without holding on to a sense of justice? And herein lies the crux of the paradox of nihilism. If nihilism is the basis of human existence then all values are relative, and as such, particular values can only be maintained through a "will to power."”

Spoljašlje veze uredi

Obnova monarhijskog idealizma Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (27. jun 2017)

[Hegarty2006-1] Hegarty, Paul (2006). „Noise Music” (PDF). The Semiotic Review of Books. 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada P7B 5E1: Department of Sociology, Lakehead University. 16 (1—2): 18. ISSN 0847-1622. Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 31. 7. 2017. g. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „'Failure/impossibility: noise is only ever defined against something else, operating in the absence of meaning, but caught in the paradox of nihilism – that the absence of meaning seems to be some sort of meaning.”

[Luhmann2002-2] Luhmann, Niklas (1. 2. 2002). „2 The Modernity of Science”. Ur.: Rasch, William; Bal, Mieke; De Vries, Hent. Theories of Distinction: Redescribing the Descriptions of Modernity. Cultural memory in the present. Rasch, William (uvod); O'Neil, Joseph; Schreiber, Elliott; Behnke, Kerstin; Whobrey, William (prevod). Stanford University Press. str. 64. ISBN 978-0-8047-4123-1. OCLC 318368737. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „... the loss of reference had to appear as a loss of truth, resulting in the paradox of “nihilism,” which states that consequently only the untrue could be truth.”
Citirano poglavlje je originalno objavljeno kao:
Luhmann, Niklas; Behnke, Kerstin (zima 1994). Oppenheimer, Andrew, ur. „The Modernity of Science”. New German Critique. New York: TELOS Press (61 Special Issue on Niklas Luhmann): 9—23. ISSN 1558-1462. JSTOR 488618. OCLC 50709608.
Postoji recenzija knjige iz 2002 na sajtu cjsonline.ca.

[3] Luhmann, Niklas; Behnke, Kerstin (zima 1994). Oppenheimer, Andrew, ur. „The Modernity of Science”. New German Critique. New York: TELOS Press (61 Special Issue on Niklas Luhmann): 9—23. ISSN 1558-1462. JSTOR 488618. OCLC 50709608.

[Slocombe2003-3] '^ Slocombe, Will (septembar 2003). „Postmodern Nihilism: Theory and Literature”. PhD theses from Aberystwyth University. University of Wales Aberystwyth: 154. hdl:2160/267. „There is no truth' is not inherently paradoxical. If it is considered true, then it creates a paradox because it is therefore false. However, if it is considered false, then no such paradox exists. Therefore, it is only when considered true that it creates a paradox, in much the same way as critics suggest that nihilism must be invalid for this very reason. Having now introduced this stronger formulation of nihilism, from this point on nihilism can be considered equivalent to the statement that 'This sentence is not true'. [ft. 110]”
Revidirana verzija je izdata kao:
Slocombe, Will (2006). Nihilism and the Sublime Postmodern : The (Hi)Story of a Difficult Relationship From Romanticism to Postmodernism. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-97529-2. OCLC 62281496. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017.

[5] Slocombe, Will (2006). Nihilism and the Sublime Postmodern : The (Hi)Story of a Difficult Relationship From Romanticism to Postmodernism. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-97529-2. OCLC 62281496. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017.

[Rivas2008-4] Rivas, Virgilio Aquino (2008). „The Role of the Church in the Politics of Social Transformation: The Paradox of Nihilism” (PDF). Politikologija religije. 11000 Beograd: Centar za proučavanje religije i versku toleranciju /27. mart 1995/. II (2): 53—77. ISSN 1820-659X. Arhivirano iz originala (PDF) 15. 7. 2011. g. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „conservative attitude of Roman Catholicism [...] betrays a form of nihilism, that is, the forced oblivion of the real ambiguity and the paradox that inform the distinction between the secular and the sacred”

[Belliotti-5] Belliotti, Raymond A. (1987). „Critical legal studies: The paradoxes of indeterminacy and nihilism”. Philosophy & Social Criticism. 13 (2): 145—154. doi:10.1177/019145378701300203. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „... Critical Legal Studies Movement (CLS) ... CLS' view generates a "paradox of nihilism" which CLS has recognized and tried unsuccessfully to resolve.”
Takođe pogledajte:
Belliotti, Raymond A. (25. 1. 1994). Justifying Law: The Debate Over Foundations, Goals, and Methods. Temple University Press. str. 169. ISBN 978-1-56639-203-7. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „The argument supporting CLS' attack on centrist ideology, adhering as it does to social contingency, jurisprudential indeterminacy, and pervasive conditionality flowing from the fundamental contradiction, seems to preclude CLS from establishing a normative justification for its own vision. CLS' critical attack seems to cut the heart from all efforts to provide non-question-begging adjudication of epistemological and moral truth claims. This nihilistic paradox, in which CLS' critical attack is so extreme that it prohibits CLS from constructing persuasively its own alternative vision, ...”

[8] Belliotti, Raymond A. (25. 1. 1994). Justifying Law: The Debate Over Foundations, Goals, and Methods. Temple University Press. str. 169. ISBN 978-1-56639-203-7. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „The argument supporting CLS' attack on centrist ideology, adhering as it does to social contingency, jurisprudential indeterminacy, and pervasive conditionality flowing from the fundamental contradiction, seems to preclude CLS from establishing a normative justification for its own vision. CLS' critical attack seems to cut the heart from all efforts to provide non-question-begging adjudication of epistemological and moral truth claims. This nihilistic paradox, in which CLS' critical attack is so extreme that it prohibits CLS from constructing persuasively its own alternative vision, ...”

[Bornemark2006-6] Bornemark, Jonna (2006). „Limit-situation: Antinomies and Transcendence in Karl Jaspers' Philosophy”. Sats – Nordic Journal of Philosophy. 7 (2): 64. ISSN 1600-1974. Arhivirano iz originala 05. 03. 2012. g. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017 — preko Academia.edu. „the paradox of nihilism is the choice to continue one's own life while at the same time stating that it is not worth more than any other life”

[Wright1999-7] Wright, Richard Ian (april 1994). „The Dream of Enlightenment: An Essay on the Promise of Reason and Freedom in Modernity”. University of British Columbia: 97. Pristupljeno 31. 7. 2017. „But essentially these values can be negated by extending the same critical methods which Marx uses to negate earlier philosophical idealism and liberal bourgeois ideology. In other words, from a Nietzschean perspective, Marx's foundational principles are not sufficient to defend his humanistic values. Thus it can be argued that they still maintain the residue of the Christian ethics and Platonic metaphysics which have permeated western thought for several thousand years and which continue to provide modem thinkers with many of their illusory presuppositions. Nevertheless, one is justified in asking: Without such presuppositions, does not the critique of law, politics, or "this earth" lose its ultimate justification or meaning? How can one critique laws without holding on to a sense of justice? And herein lies the crux of the paradox of nihilism. If nihilism is the basis of human existence then all values are relative, and as such, particular values can only be maintained through a "will to power."”

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