Википедија

Policentrični jezik

Policentrični jezik, jezik koji se sastoji iz više kodifikovanih standardnih oblika u interakciji, koji često odgovaraju različitim zemljama.[1][2][3] Tu spadaju: nemački, engleski, francuski, holandski, španski, persijski i drugi.[3]

Policentričnost engleskom jeziku

Ostale vrste jezika imaju jedinstveni standard: italijanski, danski, poljski, ruski i drugi jezici.

Policentrični jezici su uglavnom razumljivi.

Reference uredi

  1. ^ Stewart 1968, str. 534.
  2. ^ Kloss 1967, str. 31.
  3. ^ a b Clyne 1992, str. 1.

Literatura uredi

  • Annamalai, E. (1992). „Chinese as a pluricentric language”. Ur.: Clyne, Michael G. Pluricentric Languages: Differing Norms in Different Nations. Walter de Gruyter. str. 305—324. ISBN 978-3-11-012855-0. 
  • Abd-el-Jawad, Hassan R.S. (1992). „Is Arabic a pluricentric language?”. Ur.: Clyne, Michael G. Pluricentric Languages: Differing Norms in Different Nations. Contributions to the sociology of language 62. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter. str. 261—303. ISBN 3-11-012855-1. 
  • Ammon, Ulrich (1995). Die deutsche Sprache in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz: das Problem der nationalen Varietäten [German Language in Germany, Austria and Switzerland: The Problem of National Varieties] (na jeziku: nemački). Berlin & New York: Walter de Gruyter. str. 575. ISBN 3-11-014753-X. OCLC 33981055. 
  • Blum, Daniel (2002). Sprache und Politik: Sprachpolitik und Sprachnationalismus in der Republik Indien und dem sozialistischen Jugoslawien (1945-1991) [Language and Policy: Language Policy and Linguistic Nationalism in the Republic of India and the Socialist Yugoslavia (1945-1991)]. Beiträge zur Südasienforschung ; vol. 192 (na jeziku: nemački). Würzburg: Ergon. str. 200. ISBN 3-89913-253-X. OCLC 51961066. 
  • Clyne, Michael G., ur. (1992). Pluricentric Languages: Differing Norms in Different Nations. Contributions to the sociology of language 62. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN 3-11-012855-1. 
  • Clyne, Michael G.; Kipp, Sandra (1999). Pluricentric languages in an immigrant context: Spanish, Arabic and Chinese. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN 3-11-016577-5. 
  • Daneš, František (1988). „Herausbildung und Reform von Standardsprachen” [Development and Reform of Standard Languages]. Ur.: Ammon, Ulrich; Dittmar, Norbert; Mattheier, Klaus J. Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society II. Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft 3.2. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter. str. 1506—1516. ISBN 3-11-011645-6. OCLC 639109991. 
  • Dua, Hans Raj (1992). „Hindi-Urdu as a pluricentric language”. Ur.: Clyne, Michael G. Pluricentric Languages: Differing Norms in Different Nations. Contributions to the sociology of language 62. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter. str. 381—400. ISBN 3-11-012855-1. OCLC 24668375. 
  • Kloss, Heinz (1967). „'Abstand languages' and 'ausbau languages'”. Anthropological Linguistics. 9 (7): 29—41. JSTOR 30029461. 
  • Kordić, Snježana (2009). „Policentrični standardni jezik” [Polycentric Standard Language] (PDF). Ur.: Badurina, Lada; Pranjković, Ivo; Silić, Josip. Jezični varijeteti i nacionalni identiteti (na jeziku: srpskohrvatski). Zagreb: Disput. str. 83—108. ISBN 978-953-260-054-4. OCLC 437306433. CROSBI 426269. Arhivirano (PDF) iz originala 4. 8. 2012. g. Pristupljeno 9. 5. 2018.  (ÖNB).
  • Stewart, William A (1968) [1962]. „A Sociolinguistic Typology for Describing National Multilingualism”. Ur.: Fishman, Joshua A. Readings in the Sociology of Language. The Hague, Paris: Mouton. str. 531–545. ISBN 978-3-11-080537-6. doi:10.1515/9783110805376.531. 

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