Poricanje Holokausta
Poricanje, negiranje ili odbacivanje Holokausta predstavlja poricanje genocida nad Jevrejima u Holokaustu tokom Drugog svetskog rata.[1] Ključne tvrdnje poricanja Holokausta su: Treći rajh nije imao zvaničnu politiku ili nameru istrebljavanja Jevreja, nacisti nisu koristili sabirne logore i gasne komore u svrhu masovnog ubijanja Jevreja, a broj ubijenih Jevreja je značajno manji od opšteprihvaćene procena od pet do šest miliona ubijenih Jevreja u Evropi.[2] [3] [4][5] Negatori Holokausta obično ne prihvataju izraz poricanje kao prikladan opis njihovih dela i koriste termine negiranje ili negacionizam umesto toga.[6] Istoričari izbegavaju negacionizam, radi razlikovanja negatora Holokausta od istorijskih revizionista, onih koji reviduju tj. popravljaju istoriju, koji su poznati pod tim nazivom, a za razliku od negatora Holokausta koriste utvrđene istorijske metode.[7] Metode negatora Holokausta su kritikovane kao bazirane na predodređenom zaključku koji se ne osvrće na utvrđene opširno ispitane istorijske činjenice.[8] Jedan od veoma prisutnih stavova među negatorima Holokausta je i taj da je Holokaust prevara nastala iz jevrejske zavere, a kao način promocije interesa Jevreja nauštrb drugih naroda.[9] Iz tog razloga, poricanje Holokausta se smatra antisemitskom[10] teorijom zavere.[11]
Reference uredi
- ^ Niewyk 2000, str. 45
- ^ Ključni elemenati poricanja Holokausta:
- "How many Jews were murdered in the Holocaust? How do we know? Do we have their names?" Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (31. jul 2020), The Holocaust Resource Center Faqs, Yad Vashem. Accessed February 17, 2011.
- Mathis, Andrew E. Holocaust Denial, a Definition Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (9. jun 2011), The Holocaust History Project, July 2, 2004, Pristupljeno 18. 12. 2006.
- ^ Shermer & Grobman 2002, str. 3.
- ^ * What is Holocaust Denial Arhivirano 2005-02-16 na sajtu Archive.today, Yad Vashem, 2004, Pristupljeno 18. 12. 2006.
- Holocaust Denial Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (4. april 2007), Anti-Defamation League, 2001, Pristupljeno 28. 6. 2007.
- ^ Pretpostavke onih koji poriču Holokaust:
- Tokom rata je umrlo nekoliko stotina hiljada Jevreja, ne šest miliona.
- Naučni dokazi upućuju na malu efikasnost gasnih komora u ubijanju ljudi.
- Nacistička politika je bila deportovanje Jevreja, ne njihovo istrebljivanje.
- Desila su se značajna ubistva Jevreja, ali od strane Rusa, ne nacista.
- Jevreji su umirali u raznim logorima, ali usled gladi i bolesti. Holokaust kao takav je mit koji su napravili Saveznici u cilju propagande, a koji su kasnije Jevreji preuveličan za sopstvene potrebe.
- Nekonzistentnost iskaza svedoka je glavni uzrok nepouzdanosti.
- Navodni dokumentarni dokazi Holokausta, od fotografija sabirnih logora do Dnevnika Ane Frank, lažni su.
- The nature of Holocaust denial: What is Holocaust denial? Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (18. jul 2011), JPR report No. 3, 2000, Pristupljeno 18. 12. 2006.
- ^ Poricanje Holokausta kao negacionističko:
- Lipstadt, Deborah (1993). Denying the Holocaust—The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory. Penguin. str. 25. ISBN 978-0-452-27274-3..
- Introduction: Denial as Anti-Semitism Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (4. jun 2011), "Holocaust Denial: An Online Guide to Exposing and Combating Anti-Semitic Propaganda", Anti-Defamation League, 2001, Pristupljeno 12. 6. 2007.
- The nature of Holocaust denial: What is Holocaust denial? Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (18. jul 2011), JPR report No. 3, 2000, Pristupljeno 16. 5. 2007.
- ^ Poricanje ili falsifikacija istorije:
- Bartov, Omer. The Holocaust: Origins, Implementation and Aftermath, Routledge. pp. 11–12.
- Ronald J. Berger (2002). Fathoming the Holocaust: A Social Problems Approach. Aldine Transaction. str. 154. ISBN 978-0-202-30670-4..
- Bartrop, Paul R. "A Little More Understanding: The Experience of a Holocaust Educator in Australia" in Samuel Totten, Steven Leonard Jacobs, Paul R Bartrop (2004). Teaching about the Holocaust. Praeger/Greenwood. str. xix. ISBN 978-0-275-98232-4..
- Roth, Stephen J. "Denial of the Holocaust as an Issue of Law" in the Israel Yearbook on Human Rights, Volume 23. . Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 1993. pp. 215. ISBN 978-0-7923-2581-9..
- McFee, Gordon. "Why 'Revisionism' Isn't" Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (28. april 2010), The Holocaust History Project, May 15, 1999, Pristupljeno 22. 12. 2006.
- Austin, Ben S. "Deniers in Revisionists Clothing" Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (21. novembar 2008), The Holocaust\Shoah Page, Middle Tennessee State University., Pristupljeno 29. 3. 2007.
- The nature of Holocaust denial: What is Holocaust denial? Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (18. jul 2011), JPR report No. 3, 2000, Pristupljeno 16. 5. 2007.
- Lipstadt, Deborah (1993). Denying the Holocaust – The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory. Penguin. str. 25. ISBN 978-0-452-27274-3.
- ^ Ignorisanje istorijskih činjenica:
- McFee, Gordon. Why Revisionism Isn't Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (28. april 2010), The Holocaust History Project, May 15, 1999, Pristupljeno 22. 12. 2006.
- Berger, Alan L. (1998). „Holocaust Denial: Tempest in a Teapot, or Storm on the Horizon?”. Ur.: Garber, Zev; Libowitz, Richard. Peace, in Deed: Essays in Honor of Harry James Cargas. Atlanta: Scholars Press. str. 154.
- ^ Poricanje Holokausta kao zavera smišljena u korist Jevreja:
- Mathis, Andrew E. Holocaust Denial, a Definition Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (9. jun 2011), The Holocaust History Project, July 2, 2004, Pristupljeno 16. 5. 2007.
- The nature of Holocaust denial: What is Holocaust denial? Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (18. jul 2011), JPR report No. 3, 2000, Pristupljeno 16. 5. 2007.
- Michael Shermer & Alex Grobman (2000). Denying History: : who Says the Holocaust Never Happened and why Do They Say It?. University of California Press. str. 106. ISBN 978-0-520-23469-7..
- Antisemitism and Racism Country Reports: United States Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (28. jun 2011), Stephen Roth Institute, 2000, Pristupljeno 17. 5. 2007.
- Lipstadt, Deborah (1993). Denying the Holocaust – The Growing Assault onTruth and Memory. Penguin. str. 27. ISBN 978-0-452-27274-3..
- Introduction: Denial as Anti-Semitism Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (4. jun 2011), "Holocaust Denial: An Online Guide to Exposing and Combating Anti-Semitic Propaganda", Anti-Defamation League, 2001, Pristupljeno 12. 6. 2007.
- Powell, Lawrence N. (2000). Troubled Memory: Anne Levy, the Holocaust, and David Duke's Louisiana. University of North Carolina Press. str. 445. ISBN 978-0-8078-5374-0.
- ^ Poricanje Holokausta kao antisemitizam:
- Working Definition of Antisemitism Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (25. januar 2011), European Fundamental Rights Agency
- Deborah Lipstadt (1994). Denying the Holocaust. str. 11. ISBN 978-0-14-024157-0.
- Roth, Stephen J. "Denial of the Holocaust as an Issue of Law" in the Israel Yearbook on Human Rights, Volume 23. . Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 1993. pp. 215. ISBN 978-0-7923-2581-9..
- Austin, Ben S. "Deniers in Revisionists Clothing" Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (21. novembar 2008), The Holocaust\Shoah Page, Middle Tennessee State University., Pristupljeno 29. 3. 2007.
- The nature of Holocaust denial: What is Holocaust denial? Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (18. jul 2011), JPR report No. 3, 2000, Pristupljeno 16. 5. 2007.
- Schweitzer, Frederick M. & Perry, Marvin (2002). Anti-Semitism: myth and hate from antiquity to the present. Palgrave Macmillan. str. 3—10. ISBN 978-0-312-16561-1..
- Geoffrey Short, Carole Ann Reed (2004). Issues in Holocaust Education. Ashgate Publishing. str. 71. ISBN 978-0-7546-4211-4..
- Wettstein, Howard K. (2002). Diasporas and Exiles: Varieties of Jewish Identity. University of California Press. str. 169. ISBN 978-0-520-22864-1.
- Igounet, Valérie. "Holocaust denial is part of a strategy", Le Monde diplomatique, May 1998.
- Introduction: Denial as Anti-Semitism Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (4. jun 2011), "Holocaust Denial: An Online Guide to Exposing and Combating Anti-Semitic Propaganda", Anti-Defamation League, 2001, Pristupljeno 12. 6. 2007.
- Errera, Roger (2005). „Freedom of speech in Europe”. Ur.: Nolte, Georg. European and US Constitutionalism. Cambridge University Press. str. 39–40. ISBN 978-0-521-85401-6.
- Karsh, Efraim (2003). Rethinking the Middle East. Routledge. str. 104. ISBN 978-0-7146-5418-8.
- Shelton, Dinah (2005). Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Macmillan Reference. str. 45.
- Powell, Lawrence N. (2000). Troubled Memory: Anne Levy, the Holocaust, and David Duke's Louisiana. University of North Carolina Press. str. 445. ISBN 978-0-8078-5374-0.
- Antisemitism and Racism Country Reports: United States Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (28. jun 2011), Stephen Roth Institute, 2000, Pristupljeno 17. 5. 2007.
- Reich, Walter (July 11 1993). „Erasing the Holocaust”. The New York Times. Proverite vrednost paramet(a)ra za datum:
|date=(pomoć) - Edward Said, "A Desolation, and They Called it Peace" in Those who forget the past, Ron Rosenbaum (ed), Random House (2004). pp. 518.
- ^ Poricanje Holokausta kao teorija zavere:
- Introduction: Denial as Anti-Semitism Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (4. jun 2011), "Holocaust Denial: An Online Guide to Exposing and Combating Anti-Semitic Propaganda", Anti-Defamation League, 2001, Pristupljeno 12. 6. 2007.
- Holocaust Denial, a Definition Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (9. jun 2011), The Holocaust History Project, July 2, 2004, Pristupljeno 18. 12. 2006.
- Antisemitism and Racism Country Reports: United States Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (28. jun 2011), Stephen Roth Institute, 2000, Pristupljeno 17. 5. 2007.
Literatura uredi
- Niewyk, Donald L. (2000). The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust. Columbia University Press. str. 45. ISBN 9780231112000.
- Shermer, Michael; Grobman, Alex (2002). Denying History: Who Says the Holocaust Never Happened and why Do They Say It?. University of California Press. str. 3—. ISBN 978-0-520-23469-7.
