Agutiju srodni peptid
Agutiju srodni peptid (Agutiju srodni protein, AgRP) je neuropeptid koji proizvode AgRP/NPY neuroni u mozgu. Njega jedino sintetišu ćelije koje sadrže NPY, koje su locirane u ventromedijalnom delu arkuatnog nukleusa u hipotalamusu.[1] AgRP se koizražava sa neuropeptidom Y i doprinosi povećanju apetita i umanjenju metabolizma i utroška energije. On je jedan od najpotentnijih i najdugotrajnijih stimulatora apetita. Kod ljudi, agutiju srodni peptid je kodiran AGRP genom.[2][3]
| Agutiju srodni protein | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dostupne strukture | |||||||||||
| 1hyk, 2iqv, 1mr0 | |||||||||||
| Identifikatori | |||||||||||
| Simboli | AGRP; AGRT; ASIP2; MGC118963; ART | ||||||||||
| Vanjski ID | OMIM: 602311 MGI: 892013 HomoloGene: 7184 GeneCards: AGRP Gene | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
| Ortolozi | |||||||||||
| Vrsta | Čovek | Miš | |||||||||
| Entrez | 181 | 11604 | |||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000159723 | ENSMUSG00000005705 | |||||||||
| UniProt | O00253 | P56473 | |||||||||
| RefSeq (mRNA) | NM_007316 | NM_007427 | |||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | NP_001129 | NP_031453 | |||||||||
| Lokacija (UCSC) |
Chr 16: 66.07 - 66.08 Mb |
Chr 8: 108.09 - 108.09 Mb | |||||||||
| PubMed pretraga | [1] | [2] | |||||||||
| Aguti protein | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||||
| Identifikatori | |||||||||
| Simbol | Agouti | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF05039 | ||||||||
| Pfam klan | CL0083 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR007733 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC60024 | ||||||||
| SCOP | 1hyk | ||||||||
| SUPERFAMILY | 1hyk | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 1mr0 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Struktura
urediAgRP je parakrini signalni molekul koji se sastoji od 132 aminokiseline. Njega su nezavisno identifikovala dva tima 1997. na osnovu sličnosti njegove sekvence sa aguti signalnim peptidom (ASIP), proteinom koji se sintetiše u koži i kontroliše boju dlake.[4][5] AgRP je približno 25% identičan sa ASIP. Mišji homolog AgRP peptida se sastoji od 131 aminokiseline i ima 81% identičnih aminokiselina sa humanim proteinom. Biohemijske studije indiciraju da je AgRP veoma stabilan u pogledu termalne denaturacije i kiselinske degradacije. Njegova sekundarna struktura sadrži uglavnom randomne zavoje i β-ravni.[6] AgRP je nalazi na humanom hromozomu 16q22, i mišjem hromozomu 8D1-D2.
Vidi još
urediReference
uredi- ^ Bäckberg M, Madjid N, Ogren SO, Meister B (2004). „Down-regulated expression of agouti-related protein (AGRP) mRNA in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of hyperphagic and obese tub/tub mice”. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 125 (1-2): 129—39. PMID 15193430. doi:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.03.012.
- ^ Shutter JR, Graham M, Kinsey AC, Scully S, Lüthy R, Stark KL (1997). „Hypothalamic expression of ART, a novel gene related to agouti, is up-regulated in obese and diabetic mutant mice”. Genes Dev. 11 (5): 593—602. PMID 9119224. doi:10.1101/gad.11.5.593.
- ^ Ollmann MM, Wilson BD, Yang YK, Kerns JA, Chen Y, Gantz I, Barsh GS (1997). „Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein”. Science. 278 (5335): 135—8. PMID 9311920. doi:10.1126/science.278.5335.135.
- ^ Shutter JR, Graham M, Kinsey AC, Scully S, Lüthy R, Stark KL (1997). „Hypothalamic expression of ART, a novel gene related to agouti, is up-regulated in obese and diabetic mutant mice”. Genes & Development. 11 (5): 593—602. PMID 9119224. doi:10.1101/gad.11.5.593.
- ^ Ollmann MM, Wilson BD, Yang YK, Kerns JA, Chen Y, Gantz I, Barsh GS (1997). „Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein”. Science. 278 (5335): 135—8. PMID 9311920. doi:10.1126/science.278.5335.135.
- ^ Rosenfeld RD, Zeni L, Welcher AA, Narhi LO, Hale C, Marasco J, Delaney J, Gleason T, Philo JS, Katta V, Hui J, Baumgartner J, Graham M, Stark KL, Karbon W (1998). „Biochemical, biophysical, and pharmacological characterization of bacterially expressed human agouti-related protein”. Biochemistry. 37 (46): 16041—52. PMID 9819197. doi:10.1021/bi981027m.
Literatura
uredi- Dhillo WS, Gardiner JV, Castle L, Bewick GA, Smith KL, Meeran K, Todd JF, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR (2005). „Agouti related protein (AgRP) is upregulated in Cushing's syndrome” (PDF). Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes. 113 (10): 602—6. PMID 16320160. doi:10.1055/s-2005-872895. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 15. 08. 2011. г. Приступљено 17. 06. 2011.
- Dinulescu DM, Cone RD (2000). „Agouti and agouti-related protein: analogies and contrasts”. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (10): 6695—8. PMID 10702221. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.10.6695.
- Scarlett JM, Zhu X, Enriori PJ, Bowe DD, Batra AK, Levasseur PR, Grant WF, Meguid MM, Cowley MA, Marks DL (2008). „Regulation of agouti-related protein messenger ribonucleic acid transcription and peptide secretion by acute and chronic inflammation”. Endocrinology. 149 (10): 4837—45. PMC 2582916
. PMID 18583425. doi:10.1210/en.2007-1680. - Creemers JW, Pritchard LE, Gyte A, Le Rouzic P, Meulemans S, Wardlaw SL, Zhu X, Steiner DF, Davies N, Armstrong D, Lawrence CB, Luckman SM, Schmitz CA, Davies RA, Brennand JC, White A (2006). „Agouti-related protein is posttranslationally cleaved by proprotein convertase 1 to generate agouti-related protein (AGRP)83-132: interaction between AGRP83-132 and melanocortin receptors cannot be influenced by syndecan-3”. Endocrinology. 147 (4): 1621—31. PMID 16384863. doi:10.1210/en.2005-1373.
- Katsuki A, Sumida Y, Gabazza EC, Murashima S, Tanaka T, Furuta M, Araki-Sasaki R, Hori Y, Nakatani K, Yano Y, Adachi Y (2001). „Plasma levels of agouti-related protein are increased in obese men”. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86 (5): 1921—4. PMID 11344185. doi:10.1210/jc.86.5.1921.
- Kas MJ, Bruijnzeel AW, Haanstra JR, Wiegant VM, Adan RA (2005). „Differential regulation of agouti-related protein and neuropeptide Y in hypothalamic neurons following a stressful event”. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 35 (1): 159—64. PMID 16087729. doi:10.1677/jme.1.01819.
- Jackson PJ, Yu B, Hunrichs B, Thompson DA, Chai B, Gantz I, Millhauser GL (2005). „Chimeras of the agouti-related protein: insights into agonist and antagonist selectivity of melanocortin receptors”. Peptides. 26 (10): 1978—87. PMID 16009463. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2004.12.036.
- Bäckberg M, Madjid N, Ogren SO, Meister B (2004). „Down-regulated expression of agouti-related protein (AGRP) mRNA in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of hyperphagic and obese tub/tub mice”. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 125 (1-2): 129—39. PMID 15193430. doi:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.03.012.
- http://zootekni.comu.edu.tr/a_kadro/yayin/pala/agouti%20pakistan.pdf Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (9. октобар 2011)
- https://web.archive.org/web/20110616211512/http://www.endotext.org/obesity/obesity5/obesity5.htm
Spoljašnje veze
uredi- agouti-related+protein на US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Aguti domen[мртва веза]