Википедија

Altacreodus

izumrli rod placentalni sisara

Altacreodus (Altakreodus — „kreodont iz Alberte”) je izumrli rod placentalnih sisara iz kladusa Pan-Carnivora, koji je u periodu kasne krede nastanjivao područje Sjeverne Amerike.[2][3]

Altacreodus
Vremenski raspon: 70.0–66.043 Ma
↓
 kasna kreda
Naučna klasifikacija e
Domen: Eukaryota
Carstvo: Animalia
Tip: Chordata
Klasa: Mammalia
Mirored: Ferae
Kladus: Pan-Carnivora
Rod: †Altacreodus
Fox, 2015[1]
Tipska vrsta
†Altacreodus magnus
Clemens & Russell, 1965
Vrste
  • †Altacreodus magnus
Sinonimi
sinonimi vrste:
  • A. magnus:
    • Cimolestes magnus (Clemens & Russell, 1965)

Etimologija naziva uredi

Rod: Porijeklo naziva od: Značenje naziva:
Altacreodus kreodont iz Alberte
Vrsta: Porijeklo naziva od: Značenje naziva:
A. magnus
  • roda Altacreodus
  • i latinske riječi magnus (lat. magnus), koja znači velik
 veliki kreodont iz Alberte

Opis uredi

Vrsta Altacreodus magnus je dostizala veličinu američke vidrice i u prosjeku težila oko 565 g.[4][5][6]

Ponašanje i paleoekologija uredi

Vrsta Altacreodus magnus je bila mali kopneni predator[7] koji je u prošlosti Sjeverne Amerike nastanjivao plavne ravnice i kopnene ekosisteme.

Sistematika uredi

Istorija klasifikacije uredi

Vrsta Altacreodus magnus je originalno bila opisana kao vrsta Cimolestes magnus unutar izumrlog roda Cimolestes. U istraživanju iz 2015. godine je ova vrsta uvrštena van roda Cimolestes,[1] u zaseban rod izumrli placentalnih sisara kao blizak srodnik izumrlog reda Hyaenodonta[8][9][10][11][1] i u kasnijim istraživanjima kao najbliži srodnik izumrlog roda Tinerhodon.[12][13][14][15] Takođe, rod Altacreodus je prepoznat kao jedan od najstariji znani predstavnika placentalnih sisara, koji su živjeli prije K–Pg izumiranja.[16][17]

Klasifikacija uredi

Rod: †Altacreodus (Fox, 2015)
Vrsta: Rasprostranjenost fosila
i lokacija:		 Vremenski
raspon:
†A. magnus (Clemens & Russell, 1965)[18]   Kanada (pokrajine Alberta i Saskačevan)
  SAD (Vajoming, Montana[4][5]i Sjeverna Dakota[19]) 		70,0 do 66,043 mil. god.

Filogenija uredi

Dolje prikazan kladogram predstavlja filogenetske veze roda Altacreodus.[10][13][20][14]

 Ferae 
 

Pholidotamorpha

 
 Pan-Carnivora 
 

†Oxyaenodonta

 
 
 

Carnivoramorpha

 
 †Hyaenodonta 
 

†Hyaenodonta (sensu stricto)

 
 ? 

†Wyolestidae

 
 ? 

†Simidectes

 
 
 

†Tinerhodon

 
 †Altacreodus 

†Altacreodus magnus

 
 †Altacreodus/Tinerhodon grupa 
 
 sensu lato 
 
 
 

Vremenska rasprostranjenst roda Altacreodus unutar kladusa Pan-Carnivora uredi

OxyaenidaeCarnivoramorphaSimidectesWyolestesHyaenodontaTinerhodonFanerozoikKenozoikMezozoikKvartarNeogenPaleogenKreda (perioda)PliocenMiocenOligocenEocenPaleocenGornja kredaMessinianTortonianSerravallianLanghianBurdigalianAquitanianChattianRupelianPriabonianBartonianLutetianYpresianThanetianSelandianDanianMaastrichtian

Vidi još uredi

Reference uredi

  1. ^ a b v g Richard C. Fox (2015). „A revision of the Late Cretaceous–Paleocene eutherian mammal Cimolestes Marsh, 1889”. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 52 (12): 1137—1149. doi:10.1139/cjes-2015-0113. 
  2. ^ Z. Kielan-Jaworowska, T. M. Bown and J. A. Lillegraven (1979.) "Eutheria." In J. A. Lillegraven, Z. Kielan-Jaworowska, W. A. Clemens (eds.), "Mesozoic mammals: the first two-thirds of mammalian history" 221-258
  3. ^ Kielan-Jaworowska, Zofia; Cifelli, Richard L.; Luo, Zhe-Xi (2004). Mammals from the Age of Dinosaurs: Origins, Evolution, and Structure. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11918-4. 
  4. ^ a b William A. Clemens (2002.) "Evolution of the mammalian fauna across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in northeastern Montana and other areas of the Western Interior", in: Joseph H. Hartman, Kirk R. Johnson, Douglas J. Nichols "The Hell Creek Formation and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in the northern Great Plains: An Integrated continental record of the end of the Cretaceous" Geological Society of America, Volume 361, ISBN 9780813723617
  5. ^ a b Wilson, G. P. (2013). „Mammals across the K/Pg boundary in northeastern Montana, U.S.A.: Dental morphology and body-size patterns reveal extinction selectivity and immigrant-fueled ecospace filling”. Paleobiology. 39 (3): 429—469. Bibcode:2013Pbio...39..429W. S2CID 36025237. doi:10.1666/12041. 
  6. ^ Bois, John; Mullin, Stephen J. (2017). „Dinosaur nest ecology and predation during the Late Cretaceous: was there a relationship between upper Cretaceous extinction and nesting behavior?”. Historical Biology. 29 (7): 976—986. doi:10.1080/08912963.2016.1277423. 
  7. ^ Brannick, A. L.; Fulghum, H. Z.; Grossnickle, D. M.; Wilson Mantilla, G. P. (2023). „Dental ecomorphology and macroevolutionary patterns of North American Late Cretaceous metatherians”. Palaeontologia Electronica. 26 (3). 26.3.a48. doi:10.26879/1177  . 
  8. ^ P. D. Polly (1996) "The skeleton of Gazinocyon vulpeculus gen. et. comb nov. and the cladistic relationships of Hyaenodontidae (Eutheria, Mammalia)." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16(2):303-319
  9. ^ Solé, Floréal; Gheerbrant, Emmanuel; Amaghzaz, Mbarek; Bouya, Baâdi (2009). „Further evidence of the African antiquity of hyaenodontid (‘Creodonta’, Mammalia) evolution”. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 156 (4): 827—846. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00501.x  . 
  10. ^ a b Zack, S. P. (2011). „New species of the rare early Eocene creodont Galecyon and the radiation of early Hyaenodontidae”. Journal of Paleontology. 85 (2): 315—336. doi:10.1666/10-093.1. 
  11. ^ Floréal Solé (2013). „New proviverrine genus from the Early Eocene of Europe and the first phylogeny of Late Palaeocene–Middle Eocene hyaenodontidans (Mammalia)”. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 11 (4): 375—398. doi:10.1080/14772019.2012.686927. 
  12. ^ Matthew R. Borths; Patricia A. Holroyd; Erik R. Seiffert (2016). „Hyainailourine and teratodontine cranial material from the late Eocene of Egypt and the application of parsimony and Bayesian methods to the phylogeny and biogeography of Hyaenodonta (Placentalia, Mammalia)”. PeerJ. 4: e2639. PMC 5111901  . PMID 27867761. doi:10.7717/peerj.2639. 
  13. ^ a b Borths, Matthew R.; Stevens, Nancy J. (2017). „Deciduous dentition and dental eruption of Hyainailouroidea (Hyaenodonta, "Creodonta," Placentalia, Mammalia)”. Palaeontologia Electronica. 20 (3): 55A. doi:10.26879/776  . 
  14. ^ a b Floréal Solé; Bernard Marandat; Fabrice Lihoreau (2020). „The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian”. Geodiversitas. 42 (13): 185—214. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13. 
  15. ^ Andreas Lang (2023.) "Analysis of functional morphology in carnassial dentitions (Carnivora, Dasyuromorphia, Hyaenodonta)". Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
  16. ^ Upham, N. S.; Esselstyn, J. A.; Jetz, W. (2021). „Molecules and fossils tell distinct yet complementary stories of mammal diversification”. Current Biology. 31 (19): 4195—4206.e3. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.07.012. 
  17. ^ Carlisle, E.; Janis, C. M.; Pisani, D.; Donoghue, P. C. J.; Silvestro, D. (2023). „A timescale for placental mammal diversification based on Bayesian modeling of the fossil record”. Current Biology. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.016. 
  18. ^ Clemens, W. A. Jr. and Russell, L. S. (1965.) "Mammalian fossils from the upper Edmonton Formation." University of Alberta Geology Bulletin, 2: 32–40.
  19. ^ Clint A. Boyd, Jeff J. Person, Becky Barnes (2016.) "New additions to the Lancian mammalian fauna from southwest North Dakota", in "The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 76th annual meeting"
  20. ^ Matthew R. Borths; Nancy J. Stevens (2019). „Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (1): e1570222. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222. 
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