Парадокс нихилизма

Парадокс нихилизма / нихилистички парадокс је назив за неколико парадокса.

Значење уреди

Према Хегартију, парадокс нихилизма је да је „одсуство смисла изгледа нека врста смисла [значење]”.^[1]

Истина уреди

Никлас Луман тумачи парадокс изјавом да „последично, само неистинито би могло да буде истинито”.^[2] У фусноти у својој докторској тези, Слокомб изједначава нихилизам са парадоксом лажљивца.^[3]

Религија уреди

Ривас лоцира парадокс у „конзервативном становишту римокатолицизма” развијеном у реакцији на ничеовски нихилизам, у којем се „издаје форма нихилизма, а то је присилни заборав стварне двосмислености и парадокс који авизира разлику између секуларног и светог”.^[4]

Критичка правна теорија уреди

У теорији критичких правних студија (CLS), аргументи коришћени за критиковање центристичке позиције такође поткопавају позицију CLS.^[5]

Етика уреди

Према Јони Борнемарку, „парадокс нихилизма је избор да појединац настави свој живот у исто време изјављујући да није вредан више од иједног другог живота”.^[6] Ричард Ијан Рајт види релативизам као корен нихилистичког парадокса.^[7]

Види још уреди

Парадокс деде

Референце уреди

^ Hegarty, Paul (2006). „Noise Music” (PDF). The Semiotic Review of Books. 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada P7B 5E1: Department of Sociology, Lakehead University. 16 (1—2): 18. ISSN 0847-1622. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 31. 7. 2017. г. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „'Failure/impossibility: noise is only ever defined against something else, operating in the absence of meaning, but caught in the paradox of nihilism – that the absence of meaning seems to be some sort of meaning.”
^
Luhmann, Niklas (1. 2. 2002). „2 The Modernity of Science”. Ур.: Rasch, William; Bal, Mieke; De Vries, Hent. Theories of Distinction: Redescribing the Descriptions of Modernity. Cultural memory in the present. Rasch, William (увод); O'Neil, Joseph; Schreiber, Elliott; Behnke, Kerstin; Whobrey, William (превод). Stanford University Press. стр. 64. ISBN 978-0-8047-4123-1. OCLC 318368737. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „... the loss of reference had to appear as a loss of truth, resulting in the paradox of “nihilism,” which states that consequently only the untrue could be truth.”
Цитирано поглавље је оригинално објављено као:
- Luhmann, Niklas; Behnke, Kerstin (зима 1994). Oppenheimer, Andrew, ур. „The Modernity of Science”. New German Critique. New York: TELOS Press (61 Special Issue on Niklas Luhmann): 9—23. ISSN 1558-1462. JSTOR 488618. OCLC 50709608.
Постоји рецензија књиге из 2002 на сајту cjsonline.ca.
'^ Slocombe, Will (септембар 2003). „Postmodern Nihilism: Theory and Literature”. PhD theses from Aberystwyth University. University of Wales Aberystwyth: 154. hdl:2160/267. „There is no truth' is not inherently paradoxical. If it is considered true, then it creates a paradox because it is therefore false. However, if it is considered false, then no such paradox exists. Therefore, it is only when considered true that it creates a paradox, in much the same way as critics suggest that nihilism must be invalid for this very reason. Having now introduced this stronger formulation of nihilism, from this point on nihilism can be considered equivalent to the statement that 'This sentence is not true'. [ft. 110]”
Ревидирана верзија је издата као:
- Slocombe, Will (2006). Nihilism and the Sublime Postmodern : The (Hi)Story of a Difficult Relationship From Romanticism to Postmodernism. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-97529-2. OCLC 62281496. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017.
^ Rivas, Virgilio Aquino (2008). „The Role of the Church in the Politics of Social Transformation: The Paradox of Nihilism” (PDF). Politikologija religije. 11000 Beograd: Centar za proučavanje religije i versku toleranciju /27. mart 1995/. II (2): 53—77. ISSN 1820-659X. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 15. 7. 2011. г. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „conservative attitude of Roman Catholicism [...] betrays a form of nihilism, that is, the forced oblivion of the real ambiguity and the paradox that inform the distinction between the secular and the sacred”
^
Belliotti, Raymond A. (1987). „Critical legal studies: The paradoxes of indeterminacy and nihilism”. Philosophy & Social Criticism. 13 (2): 145—154. doi:10.1177/019145378701300203. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „... Critical Legal Studies Movement (CLS) ... CLS' view generates a "paradox of nihilism" which CLS has recognized and tried unsuccessfully to resolve.”
Такође погледајте:
- Belliotti, Raymond A. (25. 1. 1994). Justifying Law: The Debate Over Foundations, Goals, and Methods. Temple University Press. стр. 169. ISBN 978-1-56639-203-7. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „The argument supporting CLS' attack on centrist ideology, adhering as it does to social contingency, jurisprudential indeterminacy, and pervasive conditionality flowing from the fundamental contradiction, seems to preclude CLS from establishing a normative justification for its own vision. CLS' critical attack seems to cut the heart from all efforts to provide non-question-begging adjudication of epistemological and moral truth claims. This nihilistic paradox, in which CLS' critical attack is so extreme that it prohibits CLS from constructing persuasively its own alternative vision, ...”
^ Bornemark, Jonna (2006). „Limit-situation: Antinomies and Transcendence in Karl Jaspers' Philosophy”. Sats – Nordic Journal of Philosophy. 7 (2): 64. ISSN 1600-1974. Архивирано из оригинала 05. 03. 2012. г. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017 — преко Academia.edu. „the paradox of nihilism is the choice to continue one's own life while at the same time stating that it is not worth more than any other life”
^ Wright, Richard Ian (април 1994). „The Dream of Enlightenment: An Essay on the Promise of Reason and Freedom in Modernity”. University of British Columbia: 97. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „But essentially these values can be negated by extending the same critical methods which Marx uses to negate earlier philosophical idealism and liberal bourgeois ideology. In other words, from a Nietzschean perspective, Marx's foundational principles are not sufficient to defend his humanistic values. Thus it can be argued that they still maintain the residue of the Christian ethics and Platonic metaphysics which have permeated western thought for several thousand years and which continue to provide modem thinkers with many of their illusory presuppositions. Nevertheless, one is justified in asking: Without such presuppositions, does not the critique of law, politics, or "this earth" lose its ultimate justification or meaning? How can one critique laws without holding on to a sense of justice? And herein lies the crux of the paradox of nihilism. If nihilism is the basis of human existence then all values are relative, and as such, particular values can only be maintained through a "will to power."”

Спољашље везе уреди

Обнова монархијског идеализма Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (27. јун 2017)

[Hegarty2006-1] Hegarty, Paul (2006). „Noise Music” (PDF). The Semiotic Review of Books. 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada P7B 5E1: Department of Sociology, Lakehead University. 16 (1—2): 18. ISSN 0847-1622. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 31. 7. 2017. г. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „'Failure/impossibility: noise is only ever defined against something else, operating in the absence of meaning, but caught in the paradox of nihilism – that the absence of meaning seems to be some sort of meaning.”

[Luhmann2002-2] Luhmann, Niklas (1. 2. 2002). „2 The Modernity of Science”. Ур.: Rasch, William; Bal, Mieke; De Vries, Hent. Theories of Distinction: Redescribing the Descriptions of Modernity. Cultural memory in the present. Rasch, William (увод); O'Neil, Joseph; Schreiber, Elliott; Behnke, Kerstin; Whobrey, William (превод). Stanford University Press. стр. 64. ISBN 978-0-8047-4123-1. OCLC 318368737. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „... the loss of reference had to appear as a loss of truth, resulting in the paradox of “nihilism,” which states that consequently only the untrue could be truth.”
Цитирано поглавље је оригинално објављено као:
Luhmann, Niklas; Behnke, Kerstin (зима 1994). Oppenheimer, Andrew, ур. „The Modernity of Science”. New German Critique. New York: TELOS Press (61 Special Issue on Niklas Luhmann): 9—23. ISSN 1558-1462. JSTOR 488618. OCLC 50709608.
Постоји рецензија књиге из 2002 на сајту cjsonline.ca.

[3] Luhmann, Niklas; Behnke, Kerstin (зима 1994). Oppenheimer, Andrew, ур. „The Modernity of Science”. New German Critique. New York: TELOS Press (61 Special Issue on Niklas Luhmann): 9—23. ISSN 1558-1462. JSTOR 488618. OCLC 50709608.

[Slocombe2003-3] '^ Slocombe, Will (септембар 2003). „Postmodern Nihilism: Theory and Literature”. PhD theses from Aberystwyth University. University of Wales Aberystwyth: 154. hdl:2160/267. „There is no truth' is not inherently paradoxical. If it is considered true, then it creates a paradox because it is therefore false. However, if it is considered false, then no such paradox exists. Therefore, it is only when considered true that it creates a paradox, in much the same way as critics suggest that nihilism must be invalid for this very reason. Having now introduced this stronger formulation of nihilism, from this point on nihilism can be considered equivalent to the statement that 'This sentence is not true'. [ft. 110]”
Ревидирана верзија је издата као:
Slocombe, Will (2006). Nihilism and the Sublime Postmodern : The (Hi)Story of a Difficult Relationship From Romanticism to Postmodernism. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-97529-2. OCLC 62281496. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017.

[5] Slocombe, Will (2006). Nihilism and the Sublime Postmodern : The (Hi)Story of a Difficult Relationship From Romanticism to Postmodernism. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-97529-2. OCLC 62281496. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017.

[Rivas2008-4] Rivas, Virgilio Aquino (2008). „The Role of the Church in the Politics of Social Transformation: The Paradox of Nihilism” (PDF). Politikologija religije. 11000 Beograd: Centar za proučavanje religije i versku toleranciju /27. mart 1995/. II (2): 53—77. ISSN 1820-659X. Архивирано из оригинала (PDF) 15. 7. 2011. г. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „conservative attitude of Roman Catholicism [...] betrays a form of nihilism, that is, the forced oblivion of the real ambiguity and the paradox that inform the distinction between the secular and the sacred”

[Belliotti-5] Belliotti, Raymond A. (1987). „Critical legal studies: The paradoxes of indeterminacy and nihilism”. Philosophy & Social Criticism. 13 (2): 145—154. doi:10.1177/019145378701300203. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „... Critical Legal Studies Movement (CLS) ... CLS' view generates a "paradox of nihilism" which CLS has recognized and tried unsuccessfully to resolve.”
Такође погледајте:
Belliotti, Raymond A. (25. 1. 1994). Justifying Law: The Debate Over Foundations, Goals, and Methods. Temple University Press. стр. 169. ISBN 978-1-56639-203-7. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „The argument supporting CLS' attack on centrist ideology, adhering as it does to social contingency, jurisprudential indeterminacy, and pervasive conditionality flowing from the fundamental contradiction, seems to preclude CLS from establishing a normative justification for its own vision. CLS' critical attack seems to cut the heart from all efforts to provide non-question-begging adjudication of epistemological and moral truth claims. This nihilistic paradox, in which CLS' critical attack is so extreme that it prohibits CLS from constructing persuasively its own alternative vision, ...”

[8] Belliotti, Raymond A. (25. 1. 1994). Justifying Law: The Debate Over Foundations, Goals, and Methods. Temple University Press. стр. 169. ISBN 978-1-56639-203-7. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „The argument supporting CLS' attack on centrist ideology, adhering as it does to social contingency, jurisprudential indeterminacy, and pervasive conditionality flowing from the fundamental contradiction, seems to preclude CLS from establishing a normative justification for its own vision. CLS' critical attack seems to cut the heart from all efforts to provide non-question-begging adjudication of epistemological and moral truth claims. This nihilistic paradox, in which CLS' critical attack is so extreme that it prohibits CLS from constructing persuasively its own alternative vision, ...”

[Bornemark2006-6] Bornemark, Jonna (2006). „Limit-situation: Antinomies and Transcendence in Karl Jaspers' Philosophy”. Sats – Nordic Journal of Philosophy. 7 (2): 64. ISSN 1600-1974. Архивирано из оригинала 05. 03. 2012. г. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017 — преко Academia.edu. „the paradox of nihilism is the choice to continue one's own life while at the same time stating that it is not worth more than any other life”

[Wright1999-7] Wright, Richard Ian (април 1994). „The Dream of Enlightenment: An Essay on the Promise of Reason and Freedom in Modernity”. University of British Columbia: 97. Приступљено 31. 7. 2017. „But essentially these values can be negated by extending the same critical methods which Marx uses to negate earlier philosophical idealism and liberal bourgeois ideology. In other words, from a Nietzschean perspective, Marx's foundational principles are not sufficient to defend his humanistic values. Thus it can be argued that they still maintain the residue of the Christian ethics and Platonic metaphysics which have permeated western thought for several thousand years and which continue to provide modem thinkers with many of their illusory presuppositions. Nevertheless, one is justified in asking: Without such presuppositions, does not the critique of law, politics, or "this earth" lose its ultimate justification or meaning? How can one critique laws without holding on to a sense of justice? And herein lies the crux of the paradox of nihilism. If nihilism is the basis of human existence then all values are relative, and as such, particular values can only be maintained through a "will to power."”

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