Теорија музике

Теорија музике (енгл. music theory и фр. théorie de la musique)^[1]^[2] је наука која се бави тумачењем музичких елемената, правила и закона по којима се они примењују приликом стварања и извођења музичких дела, од чије праксе је ова наука и настала.

Сви елементи теорије музике су уједно и наставни предмети у нижим и средњим музичким школама и на музичким академијама - факултетима, јер су у тесној вези са живом музичком праксом.

Назив теорија је грчког порекла и значи посматрање, објашњење.

Теорију музике чине:

Основи теорије музике (општи музички појмови: нотација - ортографија, именовање тонова, музичке лествице...)
Хармонија^[3], однос и веза тонова акорада у складну целину, према хармонским законима. Проучава хомофони слог, тј, такву фактуру вишегласног става у којој доминира вертикални елемент (постоји један водећи мелодијски глас и њему подређена хармонска пратња).
Контрапункт^[4], наука вођења гласова, где су они равноправни и релативно самосталне мелодијске линије (полифони или контрапунктски слог је хоризонтално оријентисан).
Музички облици^[5], облици које композитор изабира да би у њима приказао свој унутрашњи свет.
Акустика, наука о звуку. Она је део физике.
Метрика, наука која се бави односом наглашених и ненаглашених тонова и ритам, ток тонова различитог временског трајања.
Оркестрација, расписивање музичког дела у деонице за поједине музичке инструменте (за оркестар) и то према законима оркестрације, водећи рачуна на звучне и техничке могућности инструмената, њихове карактере и опсеге.

Референце

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Спољашње везе

Music theory resources
Dillen, Oscar van, Outline of basic music theory (2011)
Why A Little Bit of Theory Matters
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„Music basics | Arts and humanities”. Khan Academy. Архивирано из оригинала 05. 09. 2015. г. Приступљено 17. 12. 2017.
„Music Theory is”. musictheoryis.com. Архивирано из оригинала 25. 11. 2020. г. Приступљено 17. 12. 2017.

[1] Властимир Перичић, Вишејезични речник музичких термина

[2] Радивој Лазић - В. Перичић, основи теорије музике, Приступљено 25. 4. 2013.

[3] Властимир Перичић, Хармонија I и II

[4] Властимир Перичић, Вокални контрапункт

[5] Властимир Перичић, Наука о музичким облицима

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