Vilijam Blejk

Vilijam Blejk
Vilijam Blejk
	Vilijam Blejk
Lični podaci
Datum rođenja	28. novembar 1757.
Mesto rođenja	London, Velika Britanija
Datum smrti	12. avgust 1827. (69 god.)
Mesto smrti	London, Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo

Vilijam Blejk (engl. William Blake; London, 28. novembar 1757 — London, 12. avgust 1827) bio je engleski književnik, slikar, grafičar i mističar.^[2]^[3]

Biografija uredi

Vilijam Blejk je bio samouk.^[3] Likovno se obrazovao kopirajući Mikelanđela, Rafaela i Direra i crtajući detalje arhitekture i plastike u Vestminsterskoj opatiji, a književnu kulturu je stekao čitajući i imitirajući engleske renesansne pesnike i savremene „predromantike“.

Godine 1784. u Londonu je otvorio štampariju. Razvio je novu tehniku gravure u boji.^[3]

Njegov pogled na svet formirao se u proučavanju Svedenborgovih teozofskih spekulacija i mnogih rasprava o gnosticizmu i druidizmu, ostvarivši i kao slikar i kao pesnik, originalna dela. On se možda najviše približio idealnom poimanju smisla i slike u svojim lirskim pesmama. Osim „Pesničkih skica“, njegovog prvenca, nijedno od njegovih dela nije štampano za njegovog života, a u javnost su mogla dospeti samo u malobrojnim primercima koje je svojeručno izrađivao posebnom tehnikom obojenog bakropisa, koji je sam izumeo.^[3] Od njegovih slikarskih radova posebno se ističu ilustracije Miltona, starozavetne „Knjige o Jovu“, Dantea.

Smatran je čudakom zato što je bio svojeglav i nesklon uživanjima ovog sveta. Živeo je na rubu siromaštva i umro potpuno zaboravljen.^[3]

Dela uredi

„Brak neba i pakla“,
„Pesme nevinosti“,
„Pesme iskustva“.

Ilustrovane knjige uredi

Songs of Innocence and of Experience (uređeno 1794)
- Songs of Innocence (uređeno 1789)
The Book of Thel* (napisano 1788–1790, uređeno 1789–1793)
The Marriage of Heaven and Hell (napisano 1790–1793)
Visions of the Daughters of Albion* (uređeno 1793)
Continental prophecies*
- America a Prophecy (uređeno 1793)
- Europe a Prophecy (uređeno 1794–1821)
- The Song of Los (uređeno 1795)
There is No Natural Religion (napisano 1788, verovatno uređeno 1794–1795)
The First Book of Urizen* (uređeno 1794–1818)
All Religions are One (napisano 1788, verovatno uređeno 1795)
The Book of Los* (uređeno 1795)
The Book of Ahania* (uređeno 1795)
Milton* (napisano 1804–1810)
Jerusalem The Emanation of the Giant Albion* (napisano 1804–1820 dodaci čak kasnije, uređeno 1820–1827 and 1832)

Neilustrovane knjige uredi

Poetical Sketches (napisano 1769–1777, uređeno 1783 i 1868 kao tom)
An Island in the Moon (napisano 1784, nezavršeno)
The French Revolution (uređeno 1791)
A Song of Liberty (uređeno 1792, objavljeno u The Marriage of Heaven and Hell)
The Four Zoas* (napisano 1797–1807, unfinished)
Tiriel* (napisano oko 1789, uređeno 1874)

Radovi sa * sačinjavaju proročanske knjige.

Dela sa Blejkovim ilustracijama uredi

Mary Wollstonecraft, Original Stories from Real Life (1791)
John Gay, Fables by John Gay with a Life of the Author, John Stockdale, Picadilly (1793)
Gottfried August Bürger, Leonora (on nije uradio gravuru)^[4] (1796)
Edward Young, Night-Thoughts (1797)
Thomas Gray, Poems (1798)
Robert Blair, The Grave (1805–1808)
John Milton, Paradise Lost (1808)
John Varley, Visionary Heads (1819–1820)
Robert John Thornton, Virgil (1821)
The Book of Job (1823–1826)
John Bunyan, The Pilgrim's Progress (1824–1827, nezavršeno)
Dante, Divine Comedy (1825–1827). Blejk je umro 1827 ne završivši rad na ovim ilustracijama. Od 102 akvarela, 7 je izabrano za graviranje.

Vidi još uredi

Crveni Zmaj (roman)

Reference uredi

^ „Blake & London”. The Blake Society. 28. 3. 2008. Arhivirano iz originala 15. 09. 2015. g. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2014. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
^ Blejk, Vilijam (1998). Izabrana poezija i proza. Beograd : Itaka. str. 117—118. ISBN 978-86-81635-15-5.
^ ^a ^b ^v ^g ^d Mišić, Milan, ur. (2005). Enciklopedija Britanika. A-B. Beograd: Narodna knjiga : Politika. str. 151. ISBN 86-331-2075-5.
^ Wilson, Mona. The Life of William Blake, 1948, London: Rupert Hart-Davis, p. 77.

Literatura uredi

Peter Abbs (jul 2014). „William Blake and the forging of the creative self”. The London Magazine: 49—62. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
Peter Ackroyd (1995). Blake. Sinclair-Stevenson. ISBN 1-85619-278-4.
Donald Ault (1974). Visionary Physics: Blake's Response to Newton. University of Chicago. ISBN 0-226-03225-6.
——— (1987). Narrative Unbound: Re-Visioning William Blake's The Four Zoas. Station Hill Press. ISBN 1-886449-75-9.
Stephen C. Behrendt (1992). Reading William Blake. London: Macmillan Press. . ISBN 0-312-06835-2. Nedostaje ili je prazan parametar |title= (pomoć) .
G.E. Bentley (2001). The Stranger From Paradise: A Biography of William Blake. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-08939-2.
——— (2006). Blake Records. Second edition. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-09685-2.
——— (1977). Blake Books. Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-818151-5.
——— (1995). Blake Books Supplement. Clarendon Press.
Harold Bloom (1963). Blake's Apocalypse. Doubleday.
Jacob Bronowski (1972). William Blake and the Age of Revolution. Routledge & K. Paul. . ISBN 0-7100-7277-5. Nedostaje ili je prazan parametar |title= (pomoć) (hardback). . ISBN 0-7100-7278-3. Nedostaje ili je prazan parametar |title= (pomoć) (pbk.)
——— (1944). William Blake, 1757–1827. A man without a mask. Secker and Warburg, London. Reprints: Penguin 1954; Haskell House 1967.
Helen P. Bruder (1997). William Blake and the Daughters of Albion. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press, and New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-333-64036-5.
G. K. Chesterton (2008) [1910]. William Blake. Duckworth, London: House of Stratus, Cornwall. ISBN 978-0-7551-0032-3. .
Steve Clark and David Worrall, eds (2006). Blake, Nation and Empire. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press, and New York: St. Martin's Press.
Tristanne J. Connolly (2002). William Blake and the Body. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
S. Foster Damon (1979). A Blake Dictionary. Revised edition. University of New England. ISBN 0-87451-436-3.
Michael Davis (1977) William Blake. A new kind of man. University of California, Berkeley.
Morris Eaves (1992). The Counter-Arts Conspiracy: Art and Industry in the Age of Blake. Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-2489-5.
David V. Erdman (1977). Blake: Prophet Against Empire: A Poet's Interpretation of the History of His Own Times. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-486-26719-9.
——— (1988). The Complete Poetry & Prose of William Blake. Anchor. ISBN 0-385-15213-2.
R. N. Essick (1980). William Blake: Printmaker. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-03954-2.
——— (1989). William Blake and the Language of Adam. Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-812985-8.
R. N. Essick & D. Pearce, eds. (1978). Blake in his time. Indiana University Press.
Michael Ferber, The Social Vision of William Blake. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1985.
Irving Fiske (1951). Bernard Shaw's Debt to William Blake. London: The Shaw Society [19-page pamphlet].
Northrop Frye (1947). Fearful Symmetry. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-06165-3.
——— ed. (1966). Blake. A collection of critical essays. Prentice-Hall.
Alexander Gilchrist, Life and Works of William Blake, (2d ed., London, 1880). Reissued by Cambridge University Press. 2009. ISBN 978-1-108-01369-7..
Jean H. Hagstrom, William Blake. Poet and Painter. An introduction to the illuminated verse, University of Chicago, 1964.
John Higgs, (2021) William Blake vs the World
Glynn, Paul (26. 6. 2021). „William Blake: Biography offers glimpse into artist and poet's visionary mind”. BBC News. Pristupljeno 28. 7. 2021. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
Hoeveler, Diane Long (1979). „Blake's Erotic Apocalypse: The Androgynous Ideal in "Jerusalem"” (PDF). Essays in Literature. Western Illinois University. 6 (1): 29—41. Pristupljeno 31. 1. 2013. „To become androgynous, to overcome the flaws inherent in each sex, emerges as the central challenge for all Blake's characters.” CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
Geoffrey Keynes, editor 2nd ed. (1969) Blake Complete Writings. Oxford University Press.
James King (1991). William Blake: His Life. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-07572-3.
Saree Makdisi (2003). William Blake and the Impossible History of the 1790s. University of Chicago Press.
Benjamin Heath Malkin (1806). A Father's Memoirs of his Child Longsmans, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, Paternoster Row, London. {See : : Arthur Symons, William Blake (1907, 1970) at 307–329.}
Peter Marshall (1988). William Blake: Visionary Anarchist. Freedom Press. ISBN 0-900384-77-8.
Emma Mason, "Elihu's Spiritual Sensation: William Blake's Illustrations to the Book of Job," in Michael Lieb, Emma Mason and Jonathan Roberts (eds), The Oxford Handbook of the Reception History of the Bible (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2011), 460–475.
W. J. T. Mitchell (1978). Blake's Composite Art: A Study of the Illuminated Poetry. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-691-01402-7.
Joseph Natoli (1982, 2016). Twentieth-Century Blake Criticism: Northrop Frye to the Present. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-1389-3914-1.
Paananen, Victor N. (1996). William Blake. New York: Twayne Publishers. ISBN 0-8057-7053-4.
Laura Quinney (2010). William Blake on Self and Soul. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-03524-9.
Kathleen Raine (1970). William Blake. Oxford University.
George Anthony Rosso Jr. (1993). Blake's Prophetic Workshop: A Study of The Four Zoas. Associated University Presses. ISBN 0-8387-5240-3.
Gholam Reza Sabri-Tabrizi (1973). The 'Heaven' and 'Hell' of William Blake. New York: International Publishers.
Mark Schorer (1946). William Blake: The Politics of Vision. New York: H. Holt and Co.
Basil de Sélincourt (1909). William Blake. London: Duckworth and co..
June Singer, The Unholy Bible: Blake, Jung, and the Collective Unconscious (New York: Putnam 1970). Reprinted as: Blake, Jung, and the Collective Unconscious (Nicolas-Hays 1986).
Sheila A. Spector (2001). Wonders Divine: the Development of Blake's Kabbalistic Myth. Bucknell Univ. Pr. ISBN 978-0838754689.
Algernon Charles Swinburne, William Blake: A Critical Essay. John Camden Hotten, Piccadilly, London, 2d. ed., 1868.
Arthur Symons, William Blake. A. Constable, London 1907. Reprint: Cooper Square, New York 1970. {Includes documents of contemporaries about Wm. Blake, at 249–433.}
E. P. Thompson (1993). Witness Against the Beast. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-22515-9.
Joseph Viscomi (1993). Blake and the Idea of the Book. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-06962-X.
David Weir (2003). Brahma in the West: William Blake and the Oriental Renaissance (SUNY Press).
Mona Wilson (1927). The Life of William Blake (London: The Nonesuch Press)
Roger Whitson; Jason Whittaker (2012). William Blake and the Digital Humanities: Collaboration, Participation, and Social Media. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0415-6561-84.
Jason Whittaker (1999). William Blake and the Myths of Britain (London: Macmillan).
W. B. Yeats (1903). Ideas of Good and Evil (London and Dublin: A. H. Bullen). {Two essays on Blake at 168–175, 176–225}.
A Comparative Study of Three Anti-Slavery Poems Written by William Blake, Hannah More and Marcus Garvey: Black Stereotyping by Jérémie Kroubo Dagnini for GRAAT On-Line, January 2010.
W. M. Rossetti, ed., Poetical Works of William Blake, (London, 1874)
A. G. B. Russell (1912). Engravings of William Blake.
Blake, William, William Blake's Works in Conventional Typography, edited by G. E. Bentley, Jr., 1984. Facsimile ed., Scholars' : Facsimiles & Reprints. ISBN 978-0-8201-1388-3.
Story, Alfred Thomas (1893). William Blake: His Life, Character. Swan Sonnenschein & Company. ISBN 9780841475373.