Kompas (sazvežđe)
Kompas (lat. Pyxis)[1][2] jedno od 88 savremenih sazvežđa. Nalazi se na južnoj hemisferi, a uveo ga je francuski astronom Nikola Luj de Lakaj u 18. veku pod imenom Pyxis Nautica (pomorski kompas). Kompas se nalazi u blizini nekadašnjeg sazvežđa Argo Navis (brod Argo), koje je De Lakaj podelio na Pramac, Jedra i Krmu.[3]
| Sazvežđe | |
 | |
| Latinsko ime | Pyxis |
|---|---|
| Skraćenica | Pyx |
| Genitiv | Pyxidis |
| Simbolizuje | kompas |
| Rektascenzija | 9 |
| Deklinacija | -30 |
| Površina | 221 sq. deg. (65) |
| Najsjajnija zvezda | Alfa Kompasa (3,68m) |
| Meteorski rojevi | nema |
| Susedna sazvežđa | |
| Vidljivo u rasponu +70° i −90°. U najboljem položaju za posmatranje u 21:00 čas u novembru. | |
Džon Heršel, engleski astronom, je u 19. veku predložio da se Kompas preimenuje u Katarku (Malus), ali ovaj predlog nije prihvaćen.
Zvezde
urediKompas nema sjajnih zvezda. Najsjanija je alfa Kompasa, magnitude 3,68 — vreli plavi džin čija bi magnituda bila bliže 3 da ga ne zaklanja međuzvezdana prašina. Beta Kompasa je druga zvezda po sjajnosti u ovom sazvežđu, džin G klase magnitude 3,97. I treća zvezda po sjajnosti, gama Kompasa, je takođe džin. Gama ima magnitudu 4,01.
Verovatno najznačajnija zvezda u ovom sazvežđu je T Kompasa, beli patuljak sa pratiocem koji ga snabdeva materijom. T kompasa je nova koja je eruptirala 1890, 1902, 1920, 1944. i 1967. tako da će sledeća erupcija biti snažnija od svih prethodnih (jer je prošlo više vremena pa je beli patuljak akumulirao više materijala).
Objekti dubokog neba
uredi
U blizini alfe Kompasa se nalaze dva objekta dubokog neba — NGC 2613 i NGC 2818. NGC 2613 je spiralna galaksija slična po veličini i obliku Mlečnom putu, udaljen od Sunčevog sistema oko 60 miliona svetlosnih godina. NGC 2818 je otvoreno zvezdano jato u kome se nalazi planetarna maglina PN 261+8.1.
Reference
uredi- ^ pyxis. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.
- ^ πυξίς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project.
- ^ Irwin, M. J.; Demers, Serge; Kunkel, W. E. (1995). „The PYXIS Cluster: A Newly Identified Galactic Globular Cluster”. Astrophysical Journal Letters. 453: L21. Bibcode:1995ApJ...453L..21I. doi:10.1086/513301
.
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Spoljašnje veze
uredi
- Sazvežđe Kompas Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (6. mart 2012) na TopAstronomer.com (jezik: engleski)
