Oodectes

Oodectes ; (parafiletski rod); Vremenski raspon: 53.0–46.2 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N rani do srednji eocen
Naučna klasifikacija
Domen:	Eukaryota
Carstvo:	Animalia
Tip:	Chordata
Klasa:	Mammalia
Kladus:	Pan-Carnivora
Kladus:	Carnivoramorpha
Kladus:	Carnivoraformes
Rod:	†Oodectes; Wortman, 1901
Tipska vrsta
	†Oodectes herpestoides; Wortman, 1901
Vrste
	†Oodectes herpestoides; †Oodectes jepseni; †Oodectes proximus; †Oodectes pugnax;
Sinonimi
	sinonimi roda: Oödectes (Wortman, 1901) ; Paeneprolimnocyon (Guthrie, 1967) ; sinonimi vrste: O. herpestoides: Paeneprolimnocyon amissadomus (Guthrie, 1967) ; Triacodon nanus (Marsh, 1872) ; ; O. jepseni: Miacis jepseni (Guthrie, 1967) ; Paeneprolimnocyon iudei (Guthrie, 1967) ; Prolimnocyon iudei (Guthrie, 1967) ; ; O. pugnax: Uintacyon pugnax (Wortman & Matthew, 1899) ; ;

Oodectes (Oodektes — „onaj koji grize jaja”) je izumrli parafiletski rod placentalni sisara iz kladusa Carnivoraformes, koji je u periodu od ranog do srednjeg eocena nastanjivao područje Sjeverne Amerike.^[6]^[7]^[8]

Etimologija naziva

Rod:	Porijeklo naziva od:	Značenje naziva:
Oodectes	starogrčke riječi oon (stgrč. ᾠόν), koja znači jaje i starogrčke riječi diktis (stgrč. δήκτης), koja znači onaj koji grize	onaj koji grize jaja^[9]

Vrste:	Porijeklo naziva od:	Značenje naziva:
O. herpestoides	roda Oodectes roda mungosa Herpestes i starogrčke riječi oides (stgrč. οειδής), koja znači sličan ili nalik	Oodektes sličan mungosu
O. jepseni	roda Oodectes i prezimena američkog paleontologa Glena L. Džepsena	džepsenov Oodektes
O. proximus	roda Oodectes i latinske riječi proksimus (lat. proximus), koja znači najbliži ili pored	bliski Oodektes
O. pugnax	roda Oodectes i latinske riječi pugnaks (lat. pugnax), koja znači borben ili agresivan	borbeni Oodektes

ilustracija djela donje vilice vrste
Oodectes herpestoides

dio donje vilice vrste Oodectes proximus

dio donje vilice vrste Oodectes pugnax

Sistematika

Klasifikacija

Rod: †*Oodectes* ^{(parafiletski rod)} (Wortman, 1901)
Vrste:	Rasprostranjenost fosila i lokacija:	Vremenski raspon:
†O. herpestoides (Wortman, 1901)^[10]	SAD (Vajoming i Kolorado^[11])	50,0 do 47,0 mil. god.
†O. jepseni (Guthrie, 1967)^[12]	SAD (Vajoming)	53,0 do 52,4 mil. god.
†O. proximus (Matthew, 1909)^[13]	SAD (Vajoming)	49,2 do 46,2 mil. god.
†O. pugnax (Wortman & Matthew, 1899)^[14]	SAD (Vajoming)	47,0 do 46,2 mil. god.

Filogenija

Dolje prikazan kladogram predstavlja filogenetske veze parafiletskog roda Oodectes.^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]

Carnivoramorpha

†Viverravidae

	†Viverravoidea

?	†Carnivoramorpha sp. (UALVP 50993 & UALVP 50994)

?	†Ravenictis

sensu lato

?

†Carnivoramorpha sp. (UALVP 31176)

?

†Carnivoramorpha sp. (USNM 538395)

?

†"Sinopa" insectivorus

Carnivoraformes

Kladus "B"

	†Eogale

?	†"Miacis" sp. (CM 67873 & CM 77299)

	†Gracilocyon igniculus

	†Gracilocyon winkleri

†Gracilocyon solei

†Gracilocyon

?

†Gracilocyon sp. (Jibou, Romania)

	†Gracilocyon rosei

	†Gracilocyon rundlei

†Paramiacis

†Paroodectes

†Oodectes jepseni

†Oodectes

†Oodectes herpestoides

†Oodectes proximus

†Oodectes pugnax

†Uintacyon hookeri

†Uintacyon rudis

†Uintacyon

	†Uintacyon massetericus

	†Uintacyon vorax

†Uintacyon asodes

†Uintacyon edax

	†Uintacyon acutus

	†Uintacyon jugulans

	†Uintacyon gingerichi

	†Xinyuictis

†Zodiocyon

	†Miocyon

	†Simamphicyon

	†Uintacyon sp. (USGS 1983)

	†Messelogale

	†Quercygalidae

Kladus "C"

	†Palaearctonyx

(†Phlaodectes)	†Vulpavus ovatus

†Vulpavus profectus

	†Vulpavus australis

	†Vulpavus canavus

†Vulpavus completus

†Vulpavus

†Vulpavus farsonensis

†Vulpavus palustris

†Vassacyon

	†Dormaalocyon

	†"Miacis" exiguus

†"Miacis" deutschi

?

†Africtis

?

†Carnivoraformes undet. Genus B

†Dawsonicyon

?

†"Miacis" boqinghensis

?

†"Miacis" hookwayi

†"Miacis" latidens

†"Miacis" petilus

?	†Carnivoraformes undet. Genus A

	†Miacis

Kladus "D"

	†Lycarion

	†"Miacis" hargeri

?

†Ceruttia

?

†"Miacis" invictus

†"Miacis" lushiensis

†Neovulpavus

	†Harpalodon

	†Procynodictis

†Prodaphaenus

?

†Walshius

	†"Miacis" gracilis

	†Tapocyon

	Carnivora (sensu stricto)

†Gracilocyon/Oodectes grupa

†Vulpavus grupa

(Carnivora [sensu lato])

Vremenska rasprostranjenst parafiletskog roda Oodectes unutar kladusa Carnivoraformes

Vidi još

Reference

^ J. Alroy (2002) "Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals."
^ D. A. Guthrie (1967) "Paeneprolimnocyon, a new genus of early Eocene limnocyonid (Mammalia, Creodonta)." Journal of Paleontology 41:1285-1287
^ Giles T. MacIntyre & Daniel A. Guthrie (1979). „Paeneprolimnocyon (Guthrie, 1967), a junior synonym of Oodectes (Wortman, 1901)”. Journal of Paleontology. 53 (4): 1034—1036. JSTOR 304127.
^ O. C. Marsh (1872.) "Preliminary description of new Tertiary mammals. Part II." American Journal of Science 4(21):202-224
^ Ronald E. Heinrich (1997.) "Referral of Miacis jepseni Guthrie to Oödectes Wortman, and an assessment of phylogenetic relationships among early Eocene Miacidae (Mammalia: Carnivora)" Journal of Paleontology, Volume 71, Issue 6, pp. 1172 - 1178
^ McKenna, Malcolm C.; Bell, Susan K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11012-9. Pristupljeno 16. 3. 2015. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
^ J. J. Flynn (1998.) "Early Cenozoic Carnivora ("Miacoidea")." In C. M. Janis, K. M. Scott, and L. L. Jacobs (eds.) "Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America. Volume 1: Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulatelike Mammals." Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ISBN 9780521355193
^ Welsey-Hunt, G. D.; Flynn, J. J. (2005). „Phylogeny of the Carnivora: basal relationships among the Carnivoramorphans, and assessment of the position of ‘Miacoidea’ relative to Carnivora”. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 3 (1): 1—28. doi:10.1017/S1477201904001518.
^ Palmer, Theodore Sherman (1904). Index Generum Mammalium: A List of the Genera and Families of Mammals (на језику: енглески). U.S. Government Printing Office.
^ J. L. Wortman (1901) "Studies of Eocene Mammalia in the Marsh Collection, Peabody Museum." The American Journal of Science, series 4 12:193-206
^ Robinson, P. (1966). „Fossil Mammalia of Huerfano Formation, Eocene, of Colorado”. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 21: 48—49. (Plate VII)
^ Daniel A. Guthrie (1967.) "The mammalian fauna of the Lysite Member, Wind River Formation (early Eocene) of Wyoming." Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 5:1-53
^ W. D. Matthew (1909) "The Carnivora and Insectivora of the Bridger Basin, middle Eocene." Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 9:289-567
^ J. L. Wortman and W. D. Matthew (1899.) "The ancestry of certain members of the Canidae, the Viverridae, and Procyonidae." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 12(6):109-138
^ Flynn, John J.; Finarelli, John A.; Spaulding, Michelle (2010). „Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of the fossil record to enhance understanding of evolutionary transformations”. Ур.: Goswami, Anjali; Friscia, Anthony. Carnivoran evolution. New views on phylogeny, form and function. Cambridge University Press. стр. 25–63. ISBN 9781139193436. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139193436.003.
^ Solé, Floréal; Smith, Richard; Coillot, Tiphaine; de Bast, Eric; Smith, Thierry (2014). „Dental and tarsal anatomy of Miacis latouri and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha)”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (1): 1—21. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.793195.
^ Solé, Floréal; Smith, Thierry; De Bast, Eric; Codrea, Vlad; Gheerbrant, Emmanuel (2016). „New carnivoraforms from the latest Paleocene of Europe and their bearing on the origin and radiation of Carnivoraformes (Carnivoramorpha, Mammalia)”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (2): e1082480. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1082480.
^ Tomiya, S.; Zack, S. P.; Spaulding, M.; Flynn, J. J. (2021). „Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world”. Journal of Paleontology. 95 (Supplement S82): 1—115. doi:10.1017/jpa.2020.74.

Литература

O. P. Hay (1902.) "Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America." Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179:1-868
M. R. Thorpe (1923.) "Notes on the Bridger (Eocene) Carnivora." Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (9. januar 2023) American Journal of Science 5(25):23-39
L. Van Valen (1969) "Evolution of dental growth and adaptation in mammalian carnivores." Evolution 23(1):96-117
D. A. Guthrie (1971.) "The Mammalian Fauna of the Lost Cabin Member, Wind River Formation (lower Eocene) of Wyoming." Annals of Carnegie Museum 43(4):47-113
C. L. Gazin (1976) "Mammalian Faunal Zones of the Bridger Middle Eocene." Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 26:1-25
Flynn, John J.; Galiano, Henry (1982). „Phylogeny of Early Tertiary Carnivora, With a Description of a New Species of Protictis From the Middle Eocene of Northwestern Wyoming”. American Museum Novitates. 2725: 1—64.
J. J. Hooker (1986.) "Mammals from the Bartonian (middle/late Eocene) of the Hampshire Basin, southern England." Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 39(4):191-478
Philip D. Gingerich and Harvey A. Deutsch (1989). „Systematics and evolution of early Eocene Hyaenodontidae (Mammalia, Creodonta) in the Clarks Fork Basin, Wyoming” (PDF). Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan. 27 (13): 327—391.
Wesley-Hunt, G. D.; Werdelin, L. (2005). „Basicranial morphology and phylogenetic position of the upper Eocene carnivoramorphan Quercygale”. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 50 (4): 837—846.
David Polly, Gina D. Wesley-Hunt, Ronald E. Heinrich, Graham Davis and Peter Houde (2006). „Earliest known carnivoran auditory bulla and support for a recent origin of crown-clade Carnivora (Eutheria, Mammalia)”. Palaeontology. 49 (5): 1019—1027. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00586.x.

[1] J. Alroy (2002) "Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals."

[2] D. A. Guthrie (1967) "Paeneprolimnocyon, a new genus of early Eocene limnocyonid (Mammalia, Creodonta)." Journal of Paleontology 41:1285-1287

[3] Giles T. MacIntyre & Daniel A. Guthrie (1979). „Paeneprolimnocyon (Guthrie, 1967), a junior synonym of Oodectes (Wortman, 1901)”. Journal of Paleontology. 53 (4): 1034—1036. JSTOR 304127.

[4] O. C. Marsh (1872.) "Preliminary description of new Tertiary mammals. Part II." American Journal of Science 4(21):202-224

[5] Ronald E. Heinrich (1997.) "Referral of Miacis jepseni Guthrie to Oödectes Wortman, and an assessment of phylogenetic relationships among early Eocene Miacidae (Mammalia: Carnivora)" Journal of Paleontology, Volume 71, Issue 6, pp. 1172 - 1178

[McKenna_&_Bell-6] McKenna, Malcolm C.; Bell, Susan K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11012-9. Pristupljeno 16. 3. 2015. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)

[7] J. J. Flynn (1998.) "Early Cenozoic Carnivora ("Miacoidea")." In C. M. Janis, K. M. Scott, and L. L. Jacobs (eds.) "Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America. Volume 1: Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulatelike Mammals." Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ISBN 9780521355193

[8] Welsey-Hunt, G. D.; Flynn, J. J. (2005). „Phylogeny of the Carnivora: basal relationships among the Carnivoramorphans, and assessment of the position of ‘Miacoidea’ relative to Carnivora”. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 3 (1): 1—28. doi:10.1017/S1477201904001518.

[9] Palmer, Theodore Sherman (1904). Index Generum Mammalium: A List of the Genera and Families of Mammals (на језику: енглески). U.S. Government Printing Office.

[10] J. L. Wortman (1901) "Studies of Eocene Mammalia in the Marsh Collection, Peabody Museum." The American Journal of Science, series 4 12:193-206

[11] Robinson, P. (1966). „Fossil Mammalia of Huerfano Formation, Eocene, of Colorado”. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 21: 48—49. (Plate VII)

[12] Daniel A. Guthrie (1967.) "The mammalian fauna of the Lysite Member, Wind River Formation (early Eocene) of Wyoming." Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 5:1-53

[13] W. D. Matthew (1909) "The Carnivora and Insectivora of the Bridger Basin, middle Eocene." Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 9:289-567

[14] J. L. Wortman and W. D. Matthew (1899.) "The ancestry of certain members of the Canidae, the Viverridae, and Procyonidae." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 12(6):109-138

[asdff-15] Flynn, John J.; Finarelli, John A.; Spaulding, Michelle (2010). „Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of the fossil record to enhance understanding of evolutionary transformations”. Ур.: Goswami, Anjali; Friscia, Anthony. Carnivoran evolution. New views on phylogeny, form and function. Cambridge University Press. стр. 25–63. ISBN 9781139193436. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139193436.003.

[SoléSmith2014-16] Solé, Floréal; Smith, Richard; Coillot, Tiphaine; de Bast, Eric; Smith, Thierry (2014). „Dental and tarsal anatomy of Miacis latouri and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha)”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (1): 1—21. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.793195.

[SoléSmith2016-17] Solé, Floréal; Smith, Thierry; De Bast, Eric; Codrea, Vlad; Gheerbrant, Emmanuel (2016). „New carnivoraforms from the latest Paleocene of Europe and their bearing on the origin and radiation of Carnivoraformes (Carnivoramorpha, Mammalia)”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (2): e1082480. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1082480.

[Tomiya2021-18] Tomiya, S.; Zack, S. P.; Spaulding, M.; Flynn, J. J. (2021). „Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world”. Journal of Paleontology. 95 (Supplement S82): 1—115. doi:10.1017/jpa.2020.74.

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