Proteaza

Proteaza (peptidaza, proteinaza) je enzim koji izvodi proteolizu. Proteaza započinje proteinski katabolizam hidrolizom peptidnih veza koje povezuju aminokiseline u polipeptidne lance od kojih je formiran protein.^[1]^[2]

Klasifikacija

Proteaze se dele u šest grupa:

Treoninske i glutamatne proteaze nisu bile poznate do 1995 i 2004, respektivno. Mehanizam raskidanja peptidne veze obuhvata korak u kome nukleofil napada peptidnu vezu. Nukleofil je bilo aminokiselina peptidaze (cistein, serin, treonin) ili molekul vode kod aspartat-, metalo- i glutamatne proteaze. Jedan način formiranja nukleofila je putem katalitičke trijade, gde se histidinski ostatak koristi za aktivaciju serina, cisteina, ili treonina.

^ Donald Voet; Judith G. Voet (2005). Biochemistry (3 изд.). Wiley. ISBN 9780471193500.
^ Branden C; Tooze J. Introduction to Protein Structure. New York, NY: Garland Publishing. ISBN 0-8153-2305-0.

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