Википедија

Američko-meksički rat

Američko-meksički rat 1846—1848. je bio rat između SAD i Meksika, čiji su uzroci bili težnja SAD da proširi granice do Pacifika i robovlasnika Juga za novim teritorijama.[1]

Američko-meksički rat

Bitka kod Čapultepeka
Vreme25. april 1846. — 2. februar 1848.
Mesto
Kalifornija, Teksas i Meksiko
UzrokSAD želi da zauzme Teksas i da se širi na jug.
Ishod SAD pobeđuju i dobijaju Novi Meksiko , Kaliforniju i Teksas
Sukobljene strane

SAD

Sjedinjene Meksičke Države
Komandanti i vođe
Džejms Noks Polk
Zakari Tejlor
Vinfild Skot
Stiven Karni		 Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana
Mariano Arista
Pedro Ampudia
Hose Maria Flores
Jačina
78 800 40.000
Žrtve i gubici
1.700 poginulih i 11.300 vojnika umrlo od bolesti. 6.000 vojnika i 4.000 civila.

Pozadina uredi

Teksas je proglasio nezavisnost 1836, ali aneksiju od strane SAD decembra 1845. Meksiko je smatrao direktnom objavom rata.[1]

Direktni povod rata koji je otpočeo 25. aprila 1846, bio je spor oko zapadnih granica Teksasa. Rat je bio sukob nejednakih protivnika, SAD su imale nadmoć u naoružanju, opremi, organizaciji i obučenosti jedinica.[1]

Ratne operacije uredi

Rat je vođen na 4 operativna pravca. General Zakari Tejlor je 18. maja 1846. zauzeo Matamoros, a 24. septembra, posle četvorodnevnog hrabrog otpora Meksikanaca, ušao je u Monterej. Kod Angosture 22./23. februara 1847. je odbio protivnapad Meksikanaca pod generalom Santa-Anom.[1]

Kapetan Frimont (engl. John Charles Fremont) je uz pomoć flote 1846. zauzeo celu Kaliforniju. Pukovnik Karni (engl. Stephen Watts Kearny) je 18. avgusta 1846. zauzeo Santa Fe a s njim i čitav Novi Meksiko.[1]

Međutim, da bi se okončao rat, trebalo je napasti glavni grad Meksika najosetljivijim pravcem. General Skot se početkom marta 1847. iskrcao južno od Verakruza i osvojio tvrđavu San Huan de Ulua 27. marta. Zatim je krenuo u unutrašnjost i 15. maja zauzeo Pueblo de Saragosu, prethodno savladavši otpor Santa-Ane koji je došao sa severa.[1]

Američka pobeda kod Čapultepeka 12/13. septembra označava pad glavnog grada Meksiko Sitija u koji je general Skot ušao sutradan sa svega 6.000 ljudi.[1]

Posledice uredi

Potpisanim mirom u Gvadalupe Idalgu SAD dobijaju Kaliforniju i Novi Meksiko, a Teksas definitivno pripada SAD.[1]

Vidi još uredi

Reference uredi

  1. ^ a b v g d đ e ž Vojna enciklopedija, Beograd, 1970, knjiga prva. pp. 125.

Literatura uredi

Referentni radovi uredi

  • Crawford, Mark; Heidler, Jeanne; Heidler, David Stephen (1999). Encyclopedia of the Mexican War. ISBN 978-1-57607-059-8. 
  • Frazier, Donald S. ed. The U.S. and Mexico at War, (1998), 584; an encyclopedia with 600 articles by 200 scholars

Opšte istorije uredi

Vojska uredi

  • Bauer K. Jack. Zachary Taylor: Soldier, Planter, Statesman of the Old Southwest. Louisiana State University Press, 1985.
  • DeLay, Brian. "Independent Indians and the U.S. Mexican War," American Historical Review 112, no. 1 (Feb. 2007)
  • DeLay, Brian. War of a Thousand Deserts: Indian Raids and the Mexican-American War. New Haven: Yale University Press 2009.
  • Dishman, Christopher, A Perfect Gibraltar: The Battle for Monterrey, Mexico, University of Oklahoma Press, 2010 ISBN 0-8061-4140-9.
  • Eisenhower, John. So Far From God: The U.S. War with Mexico, Random House (1989).
  • Eubank, Damon R., Response of Kentucky to the Mexican War, 1846–1848. (Edwin Mellen Press, 2004), ISBN 978-0-7734-6495-7.
  • Foos, Paul. A Short, Offhand, Killing Affair: Soldiers and Social Conflict during the Mexican-War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press 2002.
  • Fowler, Will. Santa Anna of Mexico (2007) 527pp; a major scholarly study
  • Frazier, Donald S. The U.S. and Mexico at War, Macmillan (1998).
  • Hamilton, Holman, Zachary Taylor: Soldier of the Republic, (1941).
  • Huston, James A. The Sinews of War: Army Logistics, 1775–1953 (1966), U.S. Army; 755p. pp 125–58
  • Johnson, Timothy D. Winfield Scott: The Quest for Military Glory (1998)
  • Johnson, Timothy D. A Gallant Little Army: The Mexico City Campaign. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press 2007.
  • Levinson, Irving. Wars within War: Mexican Guerrillas, Domestic Elites and the United States of America 1846–1848. Fort Worth: Texas Christian University Press 2005.
  • Lewis, Felice Flannery. Trailing Clouds of Glory: Zachary Taylor's Mexican War Campaign and His Emerging Civil War Leaders. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press 2010.
  • Lewis, Lloyd. Captain Sam Grant (1950).
  • Martinez, Orlando. The Great Landgrab. Quartet Books (London, 1975)
  • McCaffrey, James M. Army of Manifest Destiny: The American Soldier in the Mexican War, 1846–1848 (1994) excerpt and text search
  • Smith, Justin H. (1918). „American Rule in Mexico”. The American Historical Review. 23 (2): 287—302. ISSN 1937-5239. JSTOR 1836568. doi:10.2307/1836568. 
  • Murphy, Douglas. Two Armies on the Rio Grande: The First Campaign of the U.S. Mexican War (College Station: Texas A&M Press) 2015.
  • Smith, Justin Harvey. The War with Mexico. 2 vol (1919). Pulitzer Prize winner. full text online.
  • Winders, Richard Price. Mr. Polk's Army: The American Military Experience in the Mexican War. College Station" Texas A&M Press (1997)
  • Clodfelter, M. (2017). Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015 (4th изд.). McFarland. ISBN 978-0786474707. 

Политика и дипломатија uredi

  • Beveridge, Albert J. Abraham Lincoln, 1809–1858. Volume: 1. 1928.
  • Brack, Gene M. Mexico Views Manifest Destiny, 1821–1846: An Essay on the Origins of the Mexican War (1975).
  • Fowler, Will. Tornel and Santa Anna: The Writer and the Caudillo, Mexico, 1795–1853 (2000).
  • Fowler, Will. Santa Anna of Mexico (2007) 527pp; the major scholarly study excerpt and text search
  • Gleijeses, Piero. "A Brush with Mexico" Diplomatic History 2005 29(2): 223–254. ISSN 0145-2096 debates in Washington before war.
  • Graebner, Norman A. Empire on the Pacific: A Study in American Continental Expansion. (1955).
  • Graebner, Norman A. (1978). „Lessons of the Mexican War”. Pacific Historical Review. 47 (3): 325—42. ISSN 1533-8584. JSTOR 3637470. doi:10.2307/3637470. 
  • Graebner, Norman A. (1980). „The Mexican War: A Study in Causation”. Pacific Historical Review. 49 (3): 405—26. ISSN 1533-8584. JSTOR 3638563. doi:10.2307/3638563. 
  • Greenberg, Amy. A Wicked War: Polk, Clay, Lincoln and the 1846 Invasion of Mexico. New York: Knopf 2012.
  • Henderson, Timothy J. A Glorious Defeat: Mexico and Its War with the United States (2007), survey
  • Krauze, Enrique. Mexico: Biography of Power, (1997), textbook.
  • Linscott, Robert N., Editor. 1959. Selected Poems and Letters of Emily Dickinson. Anchor Books, New York. ISBN 0-385-09423-X
  • Mayers, David; Fernández Bravo, Sergio A., "La Guerra Con Mexico Y Los Disidentes Estadunidenses, 1846–1848" [The War with Mexico and US Dissenters, 1846–48]. Secuencia [Mexico] 2004 (59): 32–70. ISSN 0186-0348.
  • Pinheiro, John C. Manifest Ambition: James K. Polk and Civil-Military Relations during the Mexican War (2007).
  • Pletcher David M. The Diplomacy of Annexation: Texas, Oregon, and the Mexican War. University of Missouri Press, 1973.
  • Price, Glenn W. Origins of the War with Mexico: The Polk-Stockton Intrigue. University of Texas Press, 1967.
  • Reeves, Jesse S. (1905). „The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo”. The American Historical Review. 10 (2): 309—24. ISSN 1937-5239. JSTOR 1834723. doi:10.2307/1834723. hdl:10217/189496  . 
  • Reilly, Tom. War with Mexico! America's Reporters Cover the Battlefront. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press 2010.
  • Rives, George Lockhart (1913). The United States and Mexico, 1821–1848: a history of the relations between the two countries from the independence of Mexico to the close of the war with the United States. 2. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. 
  • Rodríguez Díaz, María Del Rosario. "Mexico's Vision of Manifest Destiny During the 1847 War" Journal of Popular Culture 2001 35(2): 41–50. ISSN 0022-3840.
  • Ruiz, Ramon Eduardo. Triumph and Tragedy: A History of the Mexican People, Norton 1992, textbook
  • Santoni, Pedro. Mexicans at Arms: Puro Federalists and the Politics of War, 1845–1848. Fort Worth: Texas Christian Press 1996.
  • Schroeder John H. Mr. Polk's War: American Opposition and Dissent, 1846–1848. University of Wisconsin Press, 1973.
  • Sellers Charles G. James K. Polk: Continentalist, 1843–1846 (1966), the standard biography vol 1 and 2 are online at ACLS e-books
  • Smith, Justin Harvey. The War with Mexico. 2 vol (1919). Pulitzer Prize winner. full text online.
  • Stephenson, Nathaniel Wright. Texas and the Mexican War: A Chronicle of Winning the Southwest. Yale University Press (1921).
  • Weinberg Albert K. Manifest Destiny: A Study of Nationalist Expansionism in American History Johns Hopkins University Press, 1935.
  • Yanez, Agustin. Santa Anna: Espectro de una sociedad (1996).

Istoriografija, sećanje i religija uredi

  • Benjamin, Thomas. "Recent Historiography of the Origins of the Mexican War," New Mexico Historical Review, Summer 1979, Vol. 54 Issue 3, pp 169–181
  • Connors, Thomas G. and Raúl Isaí Muñoz. "Looking for the North American Invasion in Mexico City." American Historical Review, vol. 125, no. 2, April 2020, pp. 498–516.
  • Faulk, Odie B., and Stout, Joseph A., Jr., eds. The Mexican War: Changing Interpretations (1974)
  • Johannsen, Robert. To the Halls of Montezuma: The Mexican War in the American Imagination. New York: Oxford University Press 1985.
  • Pinheiro, John C. Missionaries of Republicanism: A Religious History of the Mexican-American War. New York: Oxford University Press 2014.
  • Rodriguez, Jaime Javier. The Literatures of the U.S.-Mexican War: Narrative, Time, and Identity (University of Texas Press; 2010) 306 pages. Covers works by Anglo, Mexican, and Mexican-American writers.
  • Van Wagenen, Michael. Remembering the Forgotten War: The Enduring Legacies of the U.S.-Mexican War. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press 2012.
  • Vázquez, Josefina Zoraida. "La Historiografia Sobre la Guerra entre Mexico y los Estados Unidos," ["The historiography of the war between Mexico and the United States"] Histórica (02528894), 1999, Vol. 23 Issue 2, pp 475–485

Primarni izvori uredi

Spoljašnje veze uredi

 
Američko-meksički rat na Vikimedijinoj ostavi.
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