Severna kruna (sazvežđe)
Severna kruna (lat. Corona Borealis) je jedno od 88 savremenih i 48 originalnih Ptolomejevih sazvežđa. Prema grčkoj mitologiji, ovo sazežđe predstavlja krunu koju je Dionis dao Arijadni prilikom venčanja, kada je Arijadnu ostavio Tezej (ili ju je Dionis preoteo od Tezeja, u zavisnosti od legende).
| Sazvežđe | |
 | |
| Latinsko ime | Corona Borealis |
|---|---|
| Skraćenica | CrB |
| Genitiv | Coronae Borealis[1][2] |
| Simbolizuje | krunu koju je Dionis dao Arijadni |
| Rektascenzija | 16[3] |
| Deklinacija | +30[3] |
| Površina | 179 sq. deg. (73) |
| Najsjajnija zvezda | alfa Severne krune (Gema ili Alfeka)[4] (2,23m) |
| Meteorski rojevi | nema |
| Susedna sazvežđa | |
| Vidljivo u rasponu +90° i −50°. U najboljem položaju za posmatranje u 21:00 čas u julu. | |
Zvezde
urediNasjajnije zvezde Severne krune formiraju polukrug, po čemu je ovo sazvežđe i dobilo ime. Najsjajnija je alfa Severne krune (Gema — „dragulj“ ili Alfeka — „svetla zvezda napuklog prstena“). Gema je eklipsna dvojna zvezda magnitude 2,23. Pripada Pokretnoj grupi Veliki medved, grupi zvezda koje imaju zajedničko poreklo i brzinu.
Beta Severne krune je takođe dvojna zvezda.
R Severne krune je promenljiva zvezda koja je prototip u svojoj grupi. U pitanju je žuti subdžin kome sjajnost opada za nekoliko magnituda u nepravilnim intervalima, najverovatnije zato što se nakupi ugljenik u atmisferi zvezde koji zamračuje površinu, a onda biva razvejan pritiskom zračenja.
T Severne krune je povratna nova, čiji je sjaj normalno oko 10,8. magnitude ali dostiže magnitudu 2 do 3 pri erupcijama. Prethodne erupcije su bile 1866. i 1946.
Objekti dubokog neba
urediU Severnoj kruni nema sjajnih objekata dubokog neba. U ovom sazvežđu se nalazi Galaktička grupa Severne krune, grupa od preko 400 galaksija koja je od Sunca udaljena oko milijardu i 200 miliona svetlosnih godina. Najsjajniji članovi grupe su 16. magnitude.
Reference
uredi- ^ „Corona”. Merriam-Webster Dictionary., „Corona Borealis”. Merriam-Webster Dictionary..
- ^ „Corona Borealis”. Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House.
- ^ a b „Corona Borealis, constellation boundary”. The Constellations. International Astronomical Union. Pristupljeno 27. 2. 2014.
- ^ van Leeuwen, F. (2007). „Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653—664. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. S2CID 18759600. arXiv:0708.1752
. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. Vizier catalog entry
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Spoljašnje veze
uredi- Sazvežđe Severna kruna Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (3. januar 2014) na TopAstronomer.com (jezik: engleski)
- Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (medieval and early modern images of Corona Borealis)
