Vudro Vilson

Tomas Vudro Vilson (engl. Thomas Woodrow Wilson; Stonton, 28. decembar 1856 — Vašington, 3. februar 1924) je bio 28. predsednik SAD. Bio je predsednik SAD od 4. marta 1913. do 3. marta 1921, za vreme trajanja Prvog svetskog rata. Dobitnik je Nobelove nagrade za mir 1919. godine.“

Vudro Vilson
Vudro Vilson
Lični podaci
Datum rođenja	(1856-12-28)28. decembar 1856.
Mesto rođenja	Stonton, SAD
Datum smrti	3. februar 1924.(1924-02-03) (67 god.)
Mesto smrti	Vašington, SAD
Državljanstvo	Sjedinjene Američke Države
Porodica
Supružnik	Idit Vilson
Deca	3
Politička karijera
Politička stranka	Demokratska stranka
Mandati 28. predsednik SAD 4. mart 1913 — 3. mart 1921. Izbori Predsednički izbori 1912. Reizbor(i) Predsednički izbori 1916. Potpredsednik Tomas R. Maršal Prethodnik Vilijam H. Taft Naslednik Voren G. Harding
Potpis

Citat iz Vilsonove Istorije američkog naroda, reprodukovan u filmu Rađanje jedne nacije: „U belom čoveku sve je više jačao iskonski nagon za samoodržanjem ... dok na kraju nije iznikao veliki Kju-kluks-klan, istinsko carstvo Juga, da zaštiti južnjačku zemlju.“

Rana mladost, obrazovanje i porodica

Tomas Vudro Vilson je rođen u Stontonu, Virdžinija 1856. kao treće od četvoro dece sveštenika dr. Džozefa Raglsa Vilsona i Dženet Vudro. Poreklo mu je škotsko-irsko, roditelji njegovih roditelja su imigrirali u SAD iz okoline Strabana, okrug Tajron, u današnjoj Severnoj Irskoj. Već deo svog detinjstva, sve do 14. godine, Vilson je proveo u Ogasti, Džordžija, gde je njegov otac bio sveštenik Prve prezviterijanske crkve. Živeo je i u Kolumbiji, glavnom gradu države Južne Karoline od 1870. do 1874, gde mu je otac bio profesor na Prezviterijanskoj bogosloviji. Vilsonovi roditelji su poreklom bili iz Ohaja, gde mu je deda bio abolicionista, a ujaci su mu bili republikanci. Njegovi roditelji sele se na jug 1851. i počinju otvoreno podržavati Konfederaciju. Držali su robove i organizovali nedeljnu školu za njih. Starali su se o ranjenim vojnicima u svojoj crkvi. Otac mu je služio kao armijski kapelan i bio je osnivač, a od 1861. do 1898. i vođa Južnjačke prezviterijanske crkve.

Vudro Vilson je imao poteškoća u čitanju, što je možda bilo uzrokovano disleksijom, ali je uspeo da stekne akademsko obrazovanje zahvaljujući odlučnosti i samodisciplini. Školu je pohađao kod kuće, a proveo je godinu dana na Davidson koledžu pre nego što je prešao na Prinston i diplomirao 1879. Nakon toga je studirao pravo na Univerzitetu u Virdžiniji i kratko se bavio pravom u Atlanti. Zvanje doktora političkih nauka stekao je 1886. na novoosnovanom Univerzitetu Džons Hopkins odbranivši disertaciju Kongresna vlada.

"Politika" je Vilsonov nekrolog zaključila da "Sa smrću Vudroa Vilsona mi Srbi gubimo jednog od naših najvećih i najplemenitijih prijatelja kome sudbina nije dala da bude naš najveći dobrotvor". Poštu su mu odali Skupština i univerzitet. Trg ispred Beogradske železničke stanice je još za njegovog života, najkasnije 1921, nazvan "Vilzonov" ili "Vilsonov trg" (posle rata to je "Trg bratstva i jedinstva", danas Savski trg).

Grad Beograd je krajem 2019. godine jedan bulevar u novoizgrađenom naselju Beograd na vodi nazvao u čast Vudroa Vilsona.

Vidi još

• Predsednički izbori u SAD 1912.
• Predsednički izbori u SAD 1916.

Literatura

Spoljašnji video-zapis

Q&A interview with A. Scott Berg on Wilson, September 8, 2013, C-SPAN („Wilson”. C-SPAN. 8. 9. 2013. Pristupljeno 20. 3. 2017. )

Spoljašnji video-zapis

Booknotes interview with August Heckscher on Woodrow Wilson: A Biography, January 12, 1992, C-SPAN („Woodrow Wilson: A Biography”. C-SPAN. 12. 1. 1992. Pristupljeno 20. 3. 2017. )

• Auchincloss, Louis (2000). Woodrow Wilson. Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-88904-4. 
• Avrich, Paul (1991). Sacco and Vanzetti: The Anarchist Background. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-02604-6. 
• Berg, A. Scott (2013). Wilson. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-0675-4. 
• Bimes, Terry; Skowronek, Stephen (1996). „Woodrow Wilson's Critique of Popular Leadership: Reassessing the Modern-Traditional Divide in Presidential History”. Polity. 29 (1): 27—63. JSTOR 3235274. S2CID 147062744. doi:10.2307/3235274. 
• Blum, John (1956). Woodrow Wilson and the Politics of Morality. Little, Brown. ISBN 978-0-316-10021-2. 
• Bragdon, Henry W. (1967). Woodrow Wilson: the Academic Years. Belknap Press. ISBN 978-0-674-73395-4. 
• Brands, H. W. (2003). Woodrow Wilson. Times Books. ISBN 978-0-8050-6955-6. 
• Clements, Kendrick A. (1992). The Presidency of Woodrow Wilson. University Press of Kansas. ISBN 978-0-7006-0523-1. 
• Cooper, John Milton Jr., ur. (2008). Reconsidering Woodrow Wilson: Progressivism, Internationalism, War, and Peace. Woodrow Wilson Center Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-9074-1. 
• Cooper, John Milton Jr. (1983). The Warrior and the Priest: Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt. Belknap Press. ISBN 978-0-674-94750-4. 
• Cooper, John Milton Jr. (2009). Woodrow Wilson. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 9780307273017. 
• Gould, Lewis L. (2008). Four Hats in the Ring: the 1912 Election and the Birth of Modern American Politics. University Press of Kansas. ISBN 978-0-7006-1856-9. 
• Gould, Lewis L. (2003). Grand Old Party: A History of the Republicans. Random House. ISBN 978-0-375-50741-0. 
• Hankins, Barry (2016). Woodrow Wilson: Ruling Elder, Spiritual President. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-102818-2. 
• Heckscher, August, ur. (1956). The Politics of Woodrow Wilson: Selections from his Speeches and Writings. Harper. OCLC 564752499. 
• Heckscher, August (1991). Woodrow Wilson. Easton Press. ISBN 978-0-684-19312-0. 
• Herring, George C. (2008). From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign Relations since 1776. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-972343-0. 
• Kennedy, Ross A., ur. (2013). A Companion to Woodrow Wilson. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-44540-2. 
• Levin, Phyllis Lee (2001). Edith and Woodrow: The Wilson White House. Scribner. ISBN 978-0-7432-1158-1. 
• Link, Arthur Stanley (1947—1965), Wilson, 5 volumes, Princeton University Press, OCLC 3660132 
  • Link, Arthur Stanley (1947). Wilson: The Road to the White House. Princeton University Press. 
  • Link, Arthur Stanley (1956). Wilson: The New Freedom. Princeton University Press. 
  • Link, Arthur Stanley (1960). Wilson: The Struggle for Neutrality: 1914–1915. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9781400875832. 
  • Link, Arthur Stanley (1964). Wilson: Confusions and Crises: 1915–1916. Princeton University Press. 
  • Link, Arthur Stanley (1965). Wilson: Campaigns for Progressivism and Peace: 1916–1917. Princeton University Press. 
• Link, Arthur Stanley (2002). „Woodrow Wilson”. Ur.: Graff, Henry F. The Presidents: A Reference History. Scribner. str. 365—388. ISBN 978-0-684-31226-2. 
• Mulder, John H. (1978). Woodrow Wilson: The Years of Preparation. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-04647-1. 
• O'Toole, Patricia (2018). The Moralist: Woodrow Wilson and the World He Made. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-9809-4. 
• Pestritto, Ronald J. (2005). Woodrow Wilson and the Roots of Modern Liberalism. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7425-1517-8. 
• Ruiz, George W. (1989). „The Ideological Convergence of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson”. Presidential Studies Quarterly. 19 (1): 159—177. JSTOR 40574572. 
• Saunders, Robert M. (1998). In Search of Woodrow Wilson: Beliefs and Behavior. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-30520-7. 
• Stokes, Melvyn (2007). D. W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation: A History of "The Most Controversial Motion Picture of All Time". Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-533679-5. 
• Walworth, Arthur (1958). Woodrow Wilson, Volume I, Volume II. Longmans, Green. OCLC 1031728326. 
• Weisman, Steven R. (2002). The Great Tax Wars: Lincoln to Wilson – The Fierce Battles over Money That Transformed the Nation. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-85068-9. 
• White, William Allen (2007) [1925]. Woodrow Wilson – The Man, His Times and His Task. Read Books. ISBN 978-1-4067-7685-0. 
• Wilson, Woodrow (1885). Congressional Government, A Study in American Politics. Houghton, Mifflin and Company. OCLC 504641398 — preko Internet Archive. 
• Brands, H. W. Woodrow Wilson 1913–1921 (2003); short scholarly biography
• Heckscher, August (1991). Woodrow Wilson. Easton Press. 
• Ambrosius, Lloyd E. "Woodrow Wilson and George W. Bush: Historical Comparisons of Ends and Means in Their Foreign Policies", Diplomatic History, 30 (June 2006), 509–43.
• Ambrosius, Lloyd E. Woodrow Wilson and American Internationalism (Cambridge University Press, 2017) xii, 270 pp.
• Bailey; Thomas A. Wilson and the Peacemakers: Combining Woodrow Wilson and the Lost Peace and Woodrow Wilson and the Great Betrayal (1947); detailed coverage of 1919; Lost Peace online -- deals with negotiations in Paris; Great Betrayal online; deals with battle in Washington
• Clements, Kendrick, A. Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman (1999)
• Clements, Kendrick A. The Presidency of Woodrow Wilson (1992), a standard scholarly survey
• Clements, Kendrick A. "Woodrow Wilson and World War I", Presidential Studies Quarterly 34:1 (2004). pp. 62+
• Cooper, John Milton, ed. Reconsidering Woodrow Wilson: Progressivism, Internationalism, War, and Peace (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008)
• Cooper, John Milton. "Making A Case for Wilson," in Reconsidering Woodrow Wilson (2008) ch 1
• Davis, Donald E. and Eugene P. Trani. The First Cold War: The Legacy of Woodrow Wilson in U.S.-Soviet Relations (2002) online Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (28. jun 2011)
• Ferrell, Robert H. (1985). Woodrow Wilson and World War I, 1917-1921. The New American nation series. Harper & Row. LCCN 84048160. 
• Greene, Theodore P., ed. Wilson at Versailles (1957) essays by scholars and primary sources
• Hofstadter, Richard. "Woodrow Wilson: The Conservative as Liberal" in The American Political Tradition (1948), ch. 10.
• Janis, Mark Weston. "How Wilsonian Was Woodrow Wilson?," Dartmouth Law Journal (2007) 5:1 pp. 1–15 Janis, Mark Weston (2007). „The John Sloan Dickey Essay on International Law: How Wilsonian Was Woodrow Wilson”. Dartmouth Law Journal. 5: 1. online]
• Kazianis, Harry. "Woodrow Wilson: Civil War, Morality and Foreign Policy", E-International Relations (2011), E-ir.info
• Kennedy, Ross A., ed. A Companion to Woodrow Wilson (2013), historiographical essays by scholars
• Knock, Thomas J. To End All Wars: Woodrow Wilson and the Quest for a New World Order (1995)
• Levin, Jr., N. Gordon. Woodrow Wilson and World Politics: America's Response to War and Revolution (1968)
• Link, Arthur S. Woodrow Wilson and the Progressive Era, 1910–1917 (1972) standard political history of the era https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.151909. 
• Link, Arthur S. (1957). „Wilson the diplomatist; a look at his major foreign policies”. hdl:2027/mdp.39015004819630. 
• Link, Arthur S.; Woodrow Wilson and a Revolutionary World, 1913–1921 (1982)
• Livermore, Seward W. Woodrow Wilson and the War Congress, 1916–1918 (1966)
• Malin, James C. The United States after the World War (1930) online Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (28. мај 2012)
• Saunders, Robert M. In Search of Woodrow Wilson: Beliefs and Behavior (1998)
• Trani, Eugene P. (1976). „Woodrow Wilson and the Decision to Intervene in Russia: A Reconsideration”. The Journal of Modern History. 48 (3): 440—461. JSTOR 1878747. S2CID 144833231. doi:10.1086/241459. 
• Tucker, Robert W. Woodrow Wilson and the Great War: Reconsidering America's Neutrality, 1914–1917 (2007)
• Vought, Hans. "Woodrow Wilson, Ethnicity, and the Myth of American Unity". In Myth America: A Historical Anthology, Volume II. 1997. Gerster, Patrick, and Cords, Nicholas. (editors.) Brandywine Press, St. James, NY. ISBN 978-1-881-089-97-1.
• Walworth, Arthur; Wilson and His Peacemakers: American Diplomacy at the Paris Peace Conference, 1919 (1986)
• Yellin, Eric S. Racism in the Nation's Service: Government Workers and the Color Line in Woodrow Wilson's America (2013)
• Princeton University (1956). „Woodrow Wilson – Catalogue of an Exhibition in the Princeton University Library February 18 through April 15, 1956 Commemorating the Centennial of His Birth”. XVII (3, Spring issue). The Princeton University Library Chronicle. 

Spoljašnje veze

• Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library & Museum
• White House biography
• Full text of a number of Wilson's speeches, Miller Center of Public Affairs
• Woodrow Wilson na sajtu Projekat Gutenberg (jezik: engleski)
• Vudro Vilson na sajtu Internet Archive (jezik: engleski)
• Vudro Vilson na sajtu LibriVox (jezik: engleski)
• Woodrow Wilson Personal Manuscripts
• "Life Portrait of Woodrow Wilson", from C-SPAN's American Presidents: Life Portraits, September 13, 1999
• Vudro Vilson na sajtu IMDb (jezik: engleski) 
• Novinski isečci na temu Vudro Vilson u Novinskim arhivama 20. veka Nemačke nacionalne biblioteke ekonomije (ZBW)
• Woodrow Wilson: A Resource Guide from the Library of Congress
• Extensive essays on Woodrow Wilson and shorter essays on each member of his cabinet and First Lady from the Miller Center of Public Affairs
• Woodrow Wilson Links Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (3. novembar 2019) (Compiled by David Pietrusza)
• Woodrow Wilson: Prophet of Peace Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (14. jul 2014), a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places lesson plan
• Srđan Graovac - „Stvaranje Jugoslavije – Vudro Vilson“
• Predavanje o Vilsonovih 14 tačaka