Strela (sazvežđe)
Strela (lat. Sagitta) je jedno od 88 savremenih i 48 originalnih Ptolomejevih sazvežđa. Po površini spada u najmanja sazvežđa, veće je jedino od sazvežđa Ždrebe i Južni krst.
| Sazvežđe | |
 | |
| Latinsko ime | Sagitta |
|---|---|
| Skraćenica | Sge[1] |
| Genitiv | Sagittae[1] |
| Simbolizuje | strelu iz više grčkih mitova (v. tekst)[2] |
| Rektascenzija | 19,83[3] |
| Deklinacija | +18,66[3] |
| Površina | 80[4] sq. deg. (86) |
| Najsjajnija zvezda | gama Strele (3,47m) |
| Meteorski rojevi | nema |
| Susedna sazvežđa | |
| Vidljivo u rasponu +90° i −70°. U najboljem položaju za posmatranje u 21:00 čas u avgustu. | |
Mitologija uredi
Zbog vrlo specifičnog oblika, ovo sazvežđe je više kultura videlo kao strelu, između ostalih Grci, Rimljani, Asirci i Jevreji. Za antičke Grke Strela je imala nekoliko mogućih značenja:
- Strela kojom je Herakle ubio orla koji je po Zevsovom naređenju kljucao Prometejevu jetru. (Po ovom mitu, orao je predstavljen susednim sazvežđem Orla.)
- Strele kojima je Herakle ubijao stimfalske ptice.
- Strele kojima je Apolon ubio Kiklope. Apolon je time osvetio svog sina Asklepija koga je Zevs ubio munjom koja je bila dar od Kiklopa.
- Erosova strela.
Zvezde uredi
Strela nema sjajnih zvezda. Najsjajnija je gama Strele — crveni džin M klase magnitude 3,47. Nalazi se na 275 svetlosnih godina od Sunca og koga je luminoznija 640 puta.
Sa magnitudom 3,82, druga po sjajnosti je delta Strele, koja se nalazi na oko 450 svetlosnih godina od Sunca. U pitanju je binarni sistem koga čine svetli džin M klase i patuljak A klase.
Treća po magnitudi je alfa Strele, žuti svetli džin magnitude 4,37, koji je od Sunca udaljen 475 svetlosnih godina. Četiri puta je masivnija i 340 puta svetlija od Sunca. Beta Strele je žuti džin G klase, od Sunca udaljen 467 svetlosnih godina.
Binarni sistem 15 Strele je zanimljiv jer ga čine žuti patuljak sa glavnog niza H-R dijagrama i braon patuljak.
Objekti dubokog neba uredi
Između game i delte Strele se nalazi M71, veliko, svetlo globularno jato udaljeno od Sunca 18.000 svetlosnih godina. NGC 6839 je kompaktna grupa koju čini 11 zvezda. Magnituda grupe (tj. objekta NGC 6839) je 8,4.
Reference uredi
- ^ a b Russell, Henry Norris (1922). „The New International Symbols for the Constellations”. Popular Astronomy. 30: 469. Bibcode:1922PA.....30..469R.
- ^ Kunitzsch, Paul (2002). „Albumasariana” (PDF). Annali dell'Università degli studi di Napoli "L'Orientale". Rivista del Dipartimento di Studi Asiatici e del Dipartimento di Studi e Ricerche su Africa e Paesi Arabi. 62: 4. ISSN 0393-3180.
- ^ a b „Sagitta, Constellation Boundary”. International Astronomical Union. Pristupljeno 20. 10. 2020.
- ^ Ridpath, Ian. „Constellations: Lacerta–Vulpecula”. Star Tales. Pristupljeno 22. 5. 2015.
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Spoljašnje veze uredi
- Sazvežđe Strela Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (4. maj 2012) na TopAstronomer.com (jezik: engleski)
- The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Sagitta
- Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (medieval and early modern images of Sagitta)
- Bayer's Uranometria Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (17. oktobar 2020), from the Linda Hall Library digital collection.
